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2,052 results for “tree species”
Data from: Plastic responses of belowground foraging traits to soil phosphorus-rich patches across 17 coexisting AM tree species in a subtropical forest
<p><span>1. </span><span>Belowground plastic responses to soil nutrient "hot-spots" form a key nutrient foraging strategy of plants coexisting in natural ecosystems. However, it is unclear how plant species differ in these belowground plastic responses and how they co-vary.</span></p> <p><span>2. </span><span>Plastic responses to soil phosphorus (P)-rich patches of absorptive root, mycorrhizal, and exudation traits of 17 co-existing arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) tree species in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest were investigated using a root bag method.</span></p> <p><span>3. </span><span>There was considerable variation and heterogeneity in species-specific responses to P-rich patches. Negative log response ratios usually occurred for high-cost traits and positive log response ratios for low-cost traits. There were tradeoffs in the plastic responses between root acid phosphatase activity and extraradical hyphal length, which were unaffected by phylogeny, and between root acid phosphatase activity and specific root length. Thicker-rooted species responded to P-rich patches more through root exudation plasticity than mycorrhizal plasticity. Thinner-rooted species relied more on mycorrhizal plasticity.</span></p> <p><span>4. </span><em><span>Synthesis</span></em><span>. Our results revealed diverse P foraging strategies comprising different combinations of plastic adjustments in absorptive root, mycorrhizal, and exudation traits among coexisting AM tree species, which suggest the potential for complementary exploitation of different soil P sources.</span></p>
FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic tree inferred from the 18S in Strongylidium koreanum n. sp. (Protozoa: Ciliophora), a new soil species from South Korea
FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic tree inferred from the 18S rRNA gene sequences showing the position of Strongylidium koreanum n. sp. based on the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. TIM2 + I (0.6080) + G (0.4720) was selected as the best model from jModelTest version 2.1.7. Support values at the nodes represent the bootstrap values of maximum likelihood analysis and the posterior probability of the BI model. Dashes denote bootstrap values <50% or different topologies in ML and BI phylogenies.
Tree species richness and soil organic carbon stock
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Recently, the perspectives for the stronger persistence of soil organic carbon (SOC) caused by the higher molecular diversity of organic compounds were proposed. Therefore, the effects of tree species richness and composition on the diversity of molecular components of SOC need to be explored. In this study, we collected data on tree species diversity and composition, SOC concentration, chemical composition, litter and fine root properties, and examined the relationships between the richness, composition and functional diversity of tree species, and the evenness of SOC chemical compositions at a molecular level by <sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance, across six natural forest types encompassing a diversity gradient, ranging from cold temperate to tropical forests. Across the range, tree species richness correlated to the evenness of SOC chemical components through tree species composition. The negative correlation of evenness of SOC chemical components with tree species composition and the positive correlation of evenness of SOC chemical components with tree functional diversity were found. The positive correlation of the evenness of SOC chemical components with indicator tree species. These findings suggest that the indicator tree species conservation might be preferable to simply increasing tree species richness, for enhancing the potential resistance of SOC to decomposition.</span></p>
FIG. 5.—Phylogenetic tree reconstructed for representative hylodid anurans from a in A New Species of Hŋlodes (Anura, Hylodidae) from Serra do Mar, Southeastern Brazil: The Fourth with Nuptial Thumb Tubercles
FIG. 5.—Phylogenetic tree reconstructed for representative hylodid anurans from a Bayesian inference analysis of the complete 16S mitochondrial gene. Values adjacent to each node are posterior probabilities.
FIGURE 6. The maximum likehood tree generated using cpDNA trnL-F in A new species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae) from Turkey
FIGURE 6. The maximum likehood tree generated using cpDNA trnL-F sequences and outgroups sequences retrieved from NCBI (Bootstrap values are given above branches).
Effects of plant-available soil silicon on seedling growth and foliar nutrient status across tropical tree species
<p>Plant-available silicon (Si) concentrations vary considerably across tropical soils, yet the ecological importance of that variation remains largely unresolved. Increased Si availability can enhance growth and modulate foliar nutrient status in many crop species suggesting similar effects might occur in natural systems. However, how growth, foliar Si, and macronutrient concentrations, as well as their stoichiometry, respond to plant-available Si and how these responses differ across tropical tree species is unknown.</p> <p>We experimentally exposed seedlings of 12 tropical tree species to a gradient of plant-available Si concentrations, representing 85% of the variation found across Central Panama, and assessed responses in aboveground growth and foliar nutrient status. Furthermore, we assessed whether higher plant-available Si increases P availability.</p> <p>Increasing plant-available Si led to increased foliar Si concentrations (by up to 140%). It also led to higher aboveground growth (by up to 220%), and it affected foliar C and N concentrations, and nutrient stoichiometry across species. However, at the species level, only a small subset of two to four species showed significant growth and foliar nutrient responses. At the soil level, plant-available P remained unchanged along the experimental soil Si gradient.</p> <p>Our results showed that Si can improve growth and/or modulate foliar nutrient status in a number of tropical tree species. Furthermore, species' growth and foliar nutrient concentrations might vary differently across tropical forest sites varying in plant-available Si. Additionally, Si-induced responses in foliar nutrient stoichiometry have the potential to affect herbivory and litter decomposition. Taken together, natural variation in plant-available Si might influence plant performance unequally across tropical tree species, and change trophic interactions, with potential implications for ecosystem processes.</p>
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree constructed from a in Chaetomium albiziae, a new endophytic species from Albizia lebbeck in Iran
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree constructed from a maximum likelihood analysis based on the combined ITS, tub2 and rpb2 sequences of Chaetomium strains. The tree was rooted to Amesia atrobrunnea (CBS 144684). Bootstrap values obtained in maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum parsimony (MP) analyses equal or greater than 50% and Bayesian posterior probability values (BYPP) equal or greater than 0.95 are shown at the nodes, respectively.
Figure 2. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree topology derived from the combined 16S in Cryptic and widespread: a recipe for taxonomic misidentification in a freshwater crab species (Decapoda: Potamonautidae: Potamonautes sidneyi) as evident from species delimitation methods
Figure 2. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree topology derived from the combined 16S rRNA + COI sequence data, demonstrating the evolutionary relationships within the P. sidneyi s.l. species complex. Statistical support for nodes is provided as posterior probability values above nodes (> 0.95 PP) and bootstrap values below nodes (> 75%). An * or # denotes nodal relationships that were not supported (<0.95 PP/ <75%). Potamonautes sidneyi s.s. (clade 3) localities are marked with a dark blue triangle, while P. danielsi (clade 5) localities are marked by an orange square. The two new species, P. karooensis, (clade 2) and P. Ʋalles (clade 4), are marked by a light-blue circle and a green diamond, respectively. Specimens of P. barbarai are confined to clade 1.
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood tree inferred from the COI dataset with 1000 in Integrative redescription of the sucking millipede genus Dawydoffia Attems, 1953 with a description of a new species and a transfer to the family Hirudisomatidae (Diplopoda, Polyzoniida)
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood tree inferred from the COI dataset with 1000 bootstrap pseudoreplicates implementing the TN+I+G model. The red, blue and brown boxes indicate the polyzoniidan families.
Fig. 5.—Maximum clade credibility tree obtained with BEAST2 in Molecular systematics of the Reithrodontomys tenuirostris group (Rodentia: Cricetidae) highlighting the Reithrodontomys microdon species complex
Fig. 5.—Maximum clade credibility tree obtained with BEAST2 for species of the Reithrodontomys tenuirostris group using Cytochrome b sequences data. Values above branches represent mean divergence times and below the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) intervals. Dark gray bars represent taxa delimited as species-level by the single-locus methods mPTP and bGMYC with probability values above 0.95, and the multiple-loci method STACEY.
FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood tree using a in Where to set the bar? Recent descriptions inflate species number in South American toad-headed turtles (Mesoclemmys)
FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood tree using a COI alignment (675 bp) expanding the alignment from Cunha et al. (2021, 2022). Sequences used by Cunha et al. (2021, 2022) in bold. Codes preceding taxon names are GenBank accession numbers. Nomenclature for genera follows TTWG (2021).
Figure 3 Bayesian inference tree reconstructed from cytochrome b in Fossorial morphotype does not make a species in water voles
Figure 3 Bayesian inference tree reconstructed from cytochrome b sequences of water vole ArVicola. The tree is rooted with 11 species of Arvicolinae: MicrotUS aGreStiS, M. cabrerae, M. SUbterraneUS, M. lUSitanicUS, M. dUodecimcoStatUS, M. arValiS, Neodon irene, N. leUcUrUS, ChionomYS niValiS, C. roberti, and C. GUd. The branching pattern and branch lengths follow the Bayesian analysis, whereas the first and second numbers on the branches correspond to posterior probability values and bootstrap support in the maximum likelihood tree analyses, respectively. Symbols for morphotypes (∆ – fossorial; □ – aquatic) correspond to those in Figure 1 and Table 1.
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the Cox2 in New species of Lepidocyrtus (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from Italy with a discussion of characters defining European Lepidocyrtus lignorum-group
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the Cox2 dataset with ML. Numbers at nodes correspond to UFB values, showing only values> 75%. Vertical bars to the right of the phylogeny correspond to the three molecular species delimitation results (ASAP, ABGD and mPTP from left to right). Scale bar shows number of substitutions per site.
FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood tree generated from a combined dataset using ITS and 28S in A new species of Boletinellus (Boletinellaceae, Boletales) from India
FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood tree generated from a combined dataset using ITS and 28S sequences. Bootstrap values (>50 %) are indicated above/below branches. The new species is indicated in bold.
FIGURES 1–6 in New species of Neanuridae (Collembola) living on the endemic tree Zelkova abelicea in Crete
FIGURES 1–6. Friesea schulzi sp. nov.: 1, dorsal chaetotaxy of head, Th. and Abd. I (holotype); 2, tibiotarsus and claw of second pair of legs, ventrolateral view; 3, tibiotarsus and claw of second pair of legs, dorsolateral view; 4, ventral chaetotaxy of Abd. IV–V; 5, ventral chaetotaxy of Abd. VI; 6, dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. IV–VI (holotype).
FIGURES 7–12 in New species of Neanuridae (Collembola) living on the endemic tree Zelkova abelicea in Crete
FIGURES 7–12. Friesea cretensis sp. nov.: 7, dorsal chaetotaxy of head, Th. and Abd. I; 8, dorsal chaetotaxy of Ant. III–IV; 9, sensillum sgv of Ant. III; 10, ventral chaetotaxy of Abd. IV–V; 11, dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. IV–VI; 12, ventral chaetotaxy of Abd. VI.
FIGURES 30–36 in New species of Neanuridae (Collembola) living on the endemic tree Zelkova abelicea in Crete
FIGURES 30–36. Endonura zelkovae sp. nov.: 30, dorsal chaetotaxy of head, Th. and Abd. I; 31, chaetotaxy of labium and group Vi; 32, chaetotaxy of labrum; 33, mandible; 34, maxilla; 35, chaetotaxy of furca rudimentary; 36, dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. V–VI.
FIGURES 43–51 in New species of Neanuridae (Collembola) living on the endemic tree Zelkova abelicea in Crete
FIGURES 43–51. Cryptonura ellisi sp. nov.: 43, sensillum sgv and microsensillum of Ant. III; 44, dorsal chaetotaxy of Ant. III–IV; 47, mandible; 48, maxilla; 49, chaetotaxy of furca rudimentary and group Vei; Cryptonura anthrenoidea: 45, maxilla; 46, mandible; 50, dorsal chaetotaxy of Ant. III; 51, chaetotaxy of furca rudimentary, group Vei and group Vec.
FIGURES 37–42 in New species of Neanuridae (Collembola) living on the endemic tree Zelkova abelicea in Crete
FIGURES 37–42. Cryptonura ellisi sp. nov.: 37, dorsal chaetotaxy of head and Th.; 38, chaetotaxy of labium and group Vi; 40, chaetotaxy of labrum; 41, dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. III–VI; 42, tibiotarsus and claw of third pair of legs, lateral view; Cryptonura anthrenoidea: 39, apical part of labrum.
FIGURES 23–29 in New species of Neanuridae (Collembola) living on the endemic tree Zelkova abelicea in Crete
FIGURES 23–29. Deutonura schulzi sp. nov.: 23, dorsal chaetotaxy of head, Th. and Abd. I; 24, chaetotaxy of labium and group Vi; 25, mandible; 26, maxilla; 27, chaetotaxy of labrum; 28, tibiotarsus and claw of third pair of legs, lateral view; 29, dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. V–VI.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.