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FIGURE 21 in The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism

FIGURE 21. Distribution of Crotonia spp. in Queensland and northern New South Wales. SF = State Forest. Shaded areas = rainforest (from Major Vegetation Groups in Australia. Australian Government Department of Environment and Heritage, 2006, www.environment.gov.au/erin/nvis/publications/major-veg-map.html)

FIGURE 4 in A new species of worm salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Oedipina) in the subgenus Oeditriton from the highlands of northern Nicaragua

FIGURE 4. Habitat of Oedipina nica from: (a-b) Reserva Natural Cerro Datanlí-El Diablo; (c) Reserva Natural Cerro Kilambé (note deforested patch reaching over 1300 m a.s.l. in the Reserve's core zone); and (d) Reserva Natural Macizos de Peñas Blancas.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of worm salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Oedipina) in the subgenus Oeditriton from the highlands of northern Nicaragua

FIGURE 3. Map of Nicaragua and Honduras showing the localities of members of the subgenus Oeditriton: Oedipina nica (circles), O. quadra (squares), and O. kasios (triangles). Open symbols represents each species' type locality. If situated very close to each other, we combined distribution points to yield a single point on our map. Water surfaces are shaded light gray. Areas above 600 m are shaded gray. Areas above 1200 m are shaded dark gray.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of worm salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Oedipina) in the subgenus Oeditriton from the highlands of northern Nicaragua

FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogram (lnL = -5370.356) of Oedipina, showing placement of O. nica within the Oeditriton subgenus. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values shown above branches, Bayesian posterior probabilities shown below branches. Support values below 50 not shown. Holotype of O. nica shown in bold.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of worm salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Oedipina) in the subgenus Oeditriton from the highlands of northern Nicaragua

FIGURE 1. (a) Adult male holotype of Oedipina nica (MVZ 263774) from Reserva Natural Cerro Datanlí-El Diablo; (b) adult male paratype of O. nica (UF 156447) from Reserva Natural Cerro Kilambé; (c) adult male paratype (UF 156453) and (d) juvenile paratype (UF 156454) of O. nica from Reserva Natural Macizos de Peñas Blancas.

FIGURES 13–14 in A new species of Ricinulei of the genus Cryptocellus Westwood (Arachnida) from northern Brazil

FIGURES 13–14. Cryptocellus iaci sp. nov., female holotype, spermathecae. 13, posterior view; 14, anterior view. Scale bars: 0.25mm.

FIGURES 7–12 in A new species of Ricinulei of the genus Cryptocellus Westwood (Arachnida) from northern Brazil

FIGURES 7–12. Cryptocellus iaci sp. nov., female holotype. 7, habitus, dorsal view; 8, carapace, dorsal view; 9, femur II, prolateral view, showing apophysis; 10, anterior view, showing cucullus; 11, body, ventral view; 12, opisthosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 7 = 2.0mm; 8–10 = 0.5mm; 11–12 = 1.0mm.

FIGURES 1–6 in A new species of Ricinulei of the genus Cryptocellus Westwood (Arachnida) from northern Brazil

FIGURES 1–6. Cryptocellus iaci sp. nov., female holotype, leg I. 1, femur, showing apophysis and two types of white setae, prolateral view; 2, femur, white setae, long and straight, ventral view; 3, femur, white setae, short and curved, ventral view; 4, trochanter, tubercles, lateral view; 5, patella, detail of white setae and blunt, distally enlarged setae, ventral view; 6, patella, swab-like setae, lateral view.

FIGURE 5 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 5. Reconstructions of the biogeographical events of the species group of the E. dandara sp. nov., according to Treefitter. The time of events of each frame is arbitrarily assumed. T1-T7 are in relative time. (A) Reconstruction of p-tree of Fig. 3C (E. cavernicola sister of E. elinae); (B) Reconstruction of p-tree of Fig. 3D (E. aduncus sister of E. cavernicola). White square = duplication, white arrow = switching dispersal, black arrow = dispersal or range expansion. The dark gray shading is the Atlantic Forest, medium gray is Caatinga and light gray is Cerrado savannas.

FIGURE 2 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 2. The area cladograms used in the event analysis, TASS (A), BPA (B) (DaSilva et al., 2015b). PE = Pernambuco; Serg = Sergipe; SEsp = Serra do Espinhaço; BA = Bahia; ES = Espirito Santo; SMSP = Serra do Mar de São Paulo; LSRJ = Litoral Norte de São Paulo; Mnt = Serra da Mantiqueira; Boc = Serra da Bocaina; Org = Serra dos Órgãos; SC= Santa Catarina; PR = Paraná; SSP = Sul de São Paulo; Cha = Chapada Diamantina; Cerr = Cerrado.

FIGURE 7 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 7. Male paratype genitalia (Col. UFPB-OP 454). (A) Dorsal view; (B) Lateral view. Scale 50 µm.

FIGURE 4 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 4. Trackograms showing the significant reconstructions of the biogeographical events for the species group of E. dandara sp. nov., according to Treefitter. Organism phylogeny (p-tree) is represented in bold and the area cladogram (h-tree) in gray. (A) Reconstruction of p-tree of fig. 3C (E. cavernicola sister of E. elinae); (B) reconstruction of p-tree of Fig. 3D (E. aduncus sister of E. cavernicola). Black circle = vicariance, white square = duplication, white arrow = switching dispersal, X = extinction, black arrow = dispersal or range expansion.

FIGURE 3 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 3. (A) Phylogenetic hypotheses of Eusarcus species; the alternative topologies for the clade marked with a single asterisk, which includes the new species, are presented in B, C and D; the alternatives to the polytomy, marked with two asterisks, are discussed in Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha (2010).

FIGURE 6 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 6. Holotype of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (MNRJ 7055). (A) Dorsal scutum, habitus; (B) Dorsal scutum, left lateral view; (C) Right coxa and trochanter IV, dorsal view; (D) Right femur IV, dorsal view; (E) Right femur IV, ventral view; (F) Right femur IV, lateral view; (G) Right tibia IV dorsal view; (H) Right tibia IV, ventral view. (I) Right tibia IV, lateral view. Scale 1mm.

FIGURE 1 in Event-based biogeography of Eusarcus dandara sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), an endemic species of the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, and its closely related species

FIGURE 1. Map showing the records of E. dandara sp. nov. and the rest of genus range (shaded distribution). Full line is the Congruence Core and dashed line is the Maximum Region of Endemism of the areas of endemism Pernambuco (PE) and Bahia (BA), according to DaSilva et al. (2015a).

FIGURE 89 in Polistes (Polistella) wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) from mountainous areas of northern Vietnam, with description of five new species

FIGURE 89. Distribution records of the 13 Polistes species of subgenus Polistella with a basally strongly swollen second metasomal sternum in Vietnam.

FIGURES 85–88 in Polistes (Polistella) wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) from mountainous areas of northern Vietnam, with description of five new species

FIGURES 85–88. Nests of Polistes species of subgenus Polistella occurring in northern Vietnam. 85. P. dawnae (Nest# 2009-DB-P-01). The thick and thin arrows indicate the position of the primary petiole and the subsidiary petioles, respectively. 86. P. l e p c h a (Nest# VN-P-2006-3). 87. P. reliciniclypeus sp. nov. (Nest# VN-P-2006-13). 88. P. gilvus sp. nov. (Nest# 2008-SL-P-1).

FIGURES 75–84 in Polistes (Polistella) wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) from mountainous areas of northern Vietnam, with description of five new species

FIGURES 75–84. Characters of Polistes species of subgenus Polistella occurring in northern Vietnam. 75–80. 3. 81– 84. Ƥ. 75, 77, 79. P. mandarinus. 76, 78, 80. P. nipponensis. 81, 83. P. adustus. 82, 84. P. nigerrimus. 75–76, 81. Head, frontal view. 77–78. terminal sterna, lateral view. 79–80. Aedeagus, lateral view. 82. Head, lateral view. 83–84. Metasomal segments 1 and 2 in lateral view. Scale 1 mm.

FIGURES 68–74 in Polistes (Polistella) wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) from mountainous areas of northern Vietnam, with description of five new species

FIGURES 68–74. Polistes (Polistella) clandestinus sp. nov., 3. 68. Head, frontal view. 69. Left antenna. 70–71. Terminal sterna. 70. Ventral view. 71. Apical part, lateral view. 72. Inner aspect of paramere with digitus and volsella. 73–74. Aedeagus. 73. Ventral view. 74. Lateral view. Scale 1 mm.

FIGURES 47–53 in Polistes (Polistella) wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) from mountainous areas of northern Vietnam, with description of five new species

FIGURES 47–53. Polistes (Polistella) curcipunctum sp. nov.,. 47. Ocelli, eye and posterior margin of vertex. 48–49. Head. 48. Frontal view. 49. Lateral view. 50. Right antenna. 51. Mesosoma, lateral view. 52. Jugal lobe of left hind wing. 53. Metasomal segments 1 and 2, lateral view. Scale 1 mm.