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Figs. 28–33 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region
Figs. 28–33. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior/ posterior spiracles and larval habitus of I. burmensis (light microscopy). 28, Anterior spiracle. 29, Detail of anterior spiracle showing the papillae. 30, Posterior spiracle. 31. Spiracular hairs. 32, Cephalopharyngeal skeleton. 33, Larval habitus. A1–A7 = abdominal segments; as = anterior spiracle; cs = caudal segment; cw = creeping welt; da = dorsal apodeme; db = dorsal bridge; dc = dorsal cornu; ec = ecdysial scar; hb = hypopharyngeal bridge; hs = hypopharyngeal sclerite; ls = labial sclerite; mh = mouth hook; p ceph = pseudocephalon; pb = parastomal bar; pt = praeapical tooth; sh = spiracular hairs; T1–T3 = thoracic segments; win = window; va = ventral apodeme; vb = ventral bridge; vc = ventral cornu; vs = ventral sclerite.
Figs. 15–21 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region
Figs. 15–21. Damage symptoms of bamboo shoots attacked by I. burmensis. 15, Tip of an unaffected Melocalamus compactiflorus bamboo shoot. 16, Tip of a Melocalamus compactiflorus bamboo shoot infested by I. burmensis. The leaves of the upper internodes have started to wither. 17, The apical internodes have dropped down to the ground, but the I. burmensis internode is still attached to the bamboo shoot. A part of the internode sheath was removed in order to show the location of the bud, the zone of intercalary growth and the predetermined breaking point. 18, The newly emerged branches at the base of the I. burmensis-internode have displaced the internode sheath. Most branches are not depicted in order to show the exit hole above the predetermined breaking point. 19, The I. burmensis internode has cracked at the level of the exit hole and dangles at the tip of the bamboo shoot. The puparium is still protected by the torn off vascular fibres. 20, The apical part of the I. burmensis-internode has dropped to the ground. The basal stump of the internode remains attached at the tip of the bamboo shoot and harbours the puparium. 21, Longitudinal section of the enlarged basal part of an I. burmensis-internode showing the location of the puparium. b = branch; bb = branch bud; cs = culm sheath; eh = exit hole; ii = I. burmensis-internode; n = node; p = puparium; pbp = predetermined breaking point; sb = sheath blade; vf = vascular fibres; zig = zone of intercalary growth.
Figs. 8–14 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region
Figs. 8–14. Damage of bamboo shoots caused by I. burmensis, and pupariation. 8, Basal part of an I. burmensis internode, early stage of infestation. The culm sheath was removed to show the branch bud, the zone of intercalary growth and the predetermined breaking point of the internode. 9, The apical part of the bamboo shoot has fallen down, but the I. burmensis-internode is still attached to the bamboo shoot. The emerging side branches have pushed away the culm sheath from the internode wall. 10, I. burmensis internode with side branches largely removed in order to show the slit-like exit hole. 11, The I. burmensis-internode has cracked at the level of the exit hole (above the predetermined breaking point). The exposed internode cavity is filled with torn off, compressed vascular fibres, which protect the puparium. 12, The cracked upper part of the I. burmensis-internode has dropped to the ground. The puparium rests inside the stump of the I. burmensis internode at the tip of the bamboo shoot. 13, I. burmensis puparium stuck in the basal part of the internode. The internode was broken at the predetermined breaking point in order to show the protruding puparium. 14, I. burmensis puparium stuck in the upper part of the internode cavity, anterior end on right hand side. as = anterior spiracle; bb = branch bud; cs = culm sheath; eh = exit hole; ii = I. burmensis-internode; p = puparium; pbp = predetermined breaking point; vf = vascular fibres; zig = zone of intercalary growth.
Fig. 2 in Feeding Biology Of Eel Catfish Plotosus Canius Hamilton In A Malaysian Mangrove Estuary And Mudflat
Fig. 2. PCA biplots based on composition of food items (percentage volume) consumed by P. canius in Sementa Kecil estuary (K) and Sungai Buloh mudflat (B). Dotted arrows denote major food items: Sesar = Sesarminae, Rhizo = Rhizopinae, Bra = other brachyurans, Prawn = prawns and shrimps, Amphi = hyperiid amphipods, Iso = Isopoda, Crust = miscellaneous crustaceans, Poly = Polychaeta, Gas = Gastropoda, Bv = Bivalvia, Pisces = Pisces, Detri = mangrove detritus, Others = others. Symbols denote size classes as in Table 2: Sungai Buloh mudflat: B1 to B11 size classes from 41–480 mm at 40 mm intervals. Sungai Sementa Kecil: K1 to K12 size classes from 41–480 mm at 40 mm intervals. Ontogenetic shift in food composition is indicated by solid thin arrows.
Fig. 1 in Feeding Biology Of Eel Catfish Plotosus Canius Hamilton In A Malaysian Mangrove Estuary And Mudflat
Fig. 1. The mangrove estuary of Sungai Sementa Kecil (K) and a mudflat at Sungai Buloh (B) in Selangor, Malaysia.
FIGURES 1– 4 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 1– 4. Nests of Hesperapis rhodocerata. 1. Nesting site at 28 mi south of Animas, Hidalgo Co., NM, with most nest entrances among yellow-flowered Heterotheca toward right side of picture when first found in late summer 2010. 2. John S. Ascher excavating first nest in 2010, with Margaret A. Rozen looking on. 3. Female Hesperapis rhodocerata with pollen loads being transported on anterior surface of hind tibiae. 4. Closeup of basitarsus showing dorsal trough of hairs used for flinging sand. 5–9. Sequential stills from slow-motion video showing position of hind legs when flinging sand from nest entrance. For explanation, please read text. [Figs. 1–3 courtesy John S. Ascher]
FIGURES 13–16 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 13–16. Macrophotographs of cells of Hesperapis larreae collected in 1990 and 1994, preserved in the AMNH, from extreme southern Yavapai Co., AZ, at 8 mi NW of Wickenburg, Maricopa Co. Note smooth inner surface of wall and fine-grained sand lining contrasting with coarse substrate. 13. Fresh cell. 14. Close-up of cell wall, showing fine texture and absence of protruding pebbles. 15. Cells from which postdefecating larvae removed after application of hardening material. 16. Fragment of cell wall from figure 15 showing brownish, smoothly flattened fecal pellets.
FIGURES 23–25 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 23–25. Diagram of egg of Hesperapis rhodocerata lateral view, anterior end to left. FIGURES 24, 25. Diagrams of second instar of Hesperapis rhodocerata, spicules not shown. 24. Entire larva, lateral view. 25. Abdominal segments 4 and 5, ventral view showing paired tubercles.
FIGURES 26–30 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 26–30. Diagrams of mature larvae of Hesperapis rhodocerata. 26. Entire postdefecating larva, lateral view. 27. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 28, 29. Head, frontal and lateral views, respectively. FIGURE 30. Diagram of mature larva of Hesperapis larreae, lateral view.
FIGURES 17–19 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 17–19. Microphotographs of right side of cleared head capsules of three species of Hesperapis used to compare degree of integumental wrinkling, frontal view. (ATP = anterior tentorial pit.) 17. H. rhodocerata. 18. H. trochanterata. 19. H. larreae.
FIGURES 20–22 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 20–22. SEM micrographs of front end of egg of Hesperapis rhodocerata. 20. Showing position of micropyle (arrow). 21. Close-up of same, showing micropyle and surrounding sculpturing of chorion. 22. Close-up of micropyle.
FIGURES 10–12 in Hesperapis rhodocerata: Behavioral Biology, Egg, and Larval Instars, Including Behavioral and Larval Comparisons with H. larreae (Hymenoptera: Melittidae: Dasypodainae)
FIGURES 10–12. Macrophotograph of cells of Hesperia rhodocerata. 10. Empty cell, dorsal view showing coarse surface similar in texture to that of surrounding substrate. 11. Cell, top removed, showing second or third larval instar on top of sphere of provisions and rough, uneven surface of cell floor without special lining. 12. Fragment of cell floor covered with moldy fecal pellets. [Fig. 11 courtesy William de Oliveira Sabino]
FIGURES 17–21 in The Bee Svastra sabinensis: Nesting Biology, Mature Oocyte, Postdefecating Larva, and Association with Triepeolus penicilliferus (Apidae: Apinae: Eucerini and Nomadinae: Epeolini)
FIGURES 17–21. Macrophotographs of right mandible (with setae on outer edge accidentally removed), in 17. dorsal, 18. inner, 19. ventral views, respectively, 20, 21. Macrophotographs of spiracle of cleared specimen, showing fine spicules, pigmentation, and shallow atrium, in 20. outer and 21. side views, respectively.
FIGURES 10–14. 10 in The Bee Svastra sabinensis: Nesting Biology, Mature Oocyte, Postdefecating Larva, and Association with Triepeolus penicilliferus (Apidae: Apinae: Eucerini and Nomadinae: Epeolini)
FIGURES 10–14. 10. SEM image of front end of oocyte of Svastra s. sabinensis showing position of micropyle (arrow). 11. Same, close-up of developing micropyle. 12–14. SEM images of cocoon fabric. 12. Cocoon wall, showing lack of fenestration in fabric. 13. Cocoon disc, inner view, showing ample passageways through dense fibers. 14. Same, close-up of cut edge.
FIGURES 1–7 in The Bee Svastra sabinensis: Nesting Biology, Mature Oocyte, Postdefecating Larva, and Association with Triepeolus penicilliferus (Apidae: Apinae: Eucerini and Nomadinae: Epeolini)
FIGURES 1–7. Nesting site of Svastra s. sabinensis at 4 miles east of Willcox, Cochise Co., AZ. 1. Habitat picture showing B. Lawley at the nest. 2. Nest entrance (arrow) above pen when first discovered. 3. Students of Bee Course 2015 examining second nest entrance with first entrance identified by arrow. 4. Females emerging from nest entrance (photo by P. Muniz). 5. Partly exposed upper 15 cm of nest tunnel into which a slender straw had been inserted. 6. The author excavating the nest on the third day. 7. Inner surface of cell closure, showing spiral configuration.
FIGURE 35 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)
FIGURE 35. Macrophotograph of pupa of Xeromelissa sielfeldi, lateral view. Arrows point to downwarddirected posterior margins of the metasomal sterna.
FIGURES 32–34 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)
FIGURES 32–34. Diagrams of immatures of Xeromelissa sielfeldi. 32. Egg, side view, anterior end up. 33. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 34. Head of same, lateral view.
FIGURES 17–20 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)
FIGURES 17–20. At Quebrada San Andreas at Puquios, Atacama Province, Chile, in 1971, at the time when Xeromelissa sielfeldi and X. rozeni were flying there and nests of the former were collected. 17. View of habitat with Luis Peña standing, lower left, and large patch of blooming Nolana, lower right, behind Peña. 18. Pieces of twigs containing nests of X. sielfeldi. 19. Twig split open to reveal lined cells containing live immatures of X. sielfeldi, with remnants of Acmaeodera frass on outer surface of linings (arrows). 20. Entrance to nest opening in twig revealing netlike closure.
FIGURES 6–11 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)
FIGURES 6–11. SEM micrographs of postdefecating larva of Xeromelissa nortina. 6. Entire larva, lateral view. 7. Same, dorsal view. 8. Close-up of midbody segments showing transverse and lateral tubercles and position of spiracles, lateral view. 9. Rear of larva, posterior view. 10. Spiracle of abdominal segment 7 showing lack of atrial rim. 11. Undersurface of front part of head, ventral view. Abbreviation: AS, abdominal segment(s).
FIGURE 1 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)
FIGURE 1. Laurence Packer at nesting area of Xeromelissa nortina at Region II: El Loa Prov.: Aguas Blancas, -23.2670 -67.9830, Chile, elevation: 2540 m. All nests were recovered from dead dry twigs and stems on the ground, such as those on the foreground, left side (arrows). The food source, locally termed rica-rica, can be seen growing behind Packer in the midbackground. FIGURE 2. Nest consisting of a cell series of X. nortina in the central pith channel of a large twig (diameter 16 mm) of Baccharis from that nesting area.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.