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Data from: Analyses of phenotypic differentiations among South Georgian Diving Petrel (Pelecanoides georgicus) populations reveal an undescribed and highly endangered species from New Zealand
Unresolved taxonomy of threatened species is problematic for conservation as the field relies on species being distinct taxonomic units. Differences in breeding habitat and results from a preliminary molecular analysis indicated that the New Zealand population of the South Georgian Diving Petrel (Pelecanoides georgicus) was a distinct, yet undescribed, species. We measured 11 biometric characters and scored eight plumage characters in 143 live birds and 64 study skins originating from most populations of P. georgicus, to assess their taxonomic relationships. We analysed differences with principal component analyses (PCA), factorial ANOVAs, and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests. Results show that individuals from New Zealand differ significantly from P. georgicus from all other populations as following: 1) longer wings, 2) longer outer tail feathers, 3) deeper bills, 4) longer heads, 5) longer tarsi, 6) limited collar extent, 7) greater extent of contrasting scapulars, 8) larger contrasting markings on the secondaries, 9) paler ear coverts, 10) paler collars, and 11) paler flanks. Furthermore, we used a species delimitation test with quantitative phenotypic criteria; results reveal that the New Zealand population of P. georgicus indeed merits species status. We hereby name this new species Pelecanoides whenuahouensis sp. nov. Due to severe reductions in its range and the very low number of remaining birds (~150 individuals limited to a single breeding colony on Codfish Island/Whenua Hou) the species warrants listing as 'Critically Endangered'.
Figure 7 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 7. Conopeum ongleyi (Brown, 1952): (a), holotype, NHMUK D.36532, Petane, Hawke's Bay, Pleistocene; (b, c, e), NIWA 134507, White Rock Road, Wairarapa; D, NIWA 132867, White Rock Road, Wairarapa, New Zealand. (a–c), Autozooids showing granular cryptocyst, numerous small spine bases with a larger distolateral pair, and smooth proximal gymnocyst. D, Distal ends of three tilted autozooids, showing buttresses on transverse wall. E, Inner face of autozooid tilted laterally to show steeply sloping granular cryptocyst slightly overhanging lateral wall. Scalebars: (a–d), 200 μm; E, 100 μm.
Figure 6. Conopeum oretiensis, 1951 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 6. Conopeum oretiensis, 1951: (a, b), MITS 28211, Manukau Harbour, Auckland; (c), NIWA 132866, Oreti Beach, Southland, New Zealand. (a, b), Bipolar colony astogeny from ancestrula. (c), Etched traces in shell substratum from previously present autozooids. Scalebars: (a), 500 μm; (b, c), 200 μm.
Figure 5. Conopeum oretiensis Uttley, 1951 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 5. Conopeum oretiensis Uttley, 1951: (a), NIWA 92728, Waiinu Beach, Wanganui; (b), MITS 28211, Manukau Harbour, Auckland; (c), unregistered specimen, no longer extant, Napier; (d), NIWA 132866, Oreti Beach, Southland, New Zealand. (a), Autozooids, each with small spine bases, mostly distolateral, and large midproximal spine base; note extent of proximal gymnocyst. (b), Autozooids with periopesial spines intact and adventitious kenozooids. (c), Autozooids, showing some spine bases and numerous adventitious kenozooids; autozooid cystid at middle right with reparative kenozooid inside its cystid. (d), Autozooid with interzooidal margins and gymnocyst completely concealed by kenozooids. Scalebars: (a–c), 300 μm; (d), 200 μm.
Figure 4 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 4. Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928): (a, c), NIWA 98946, Whanganui Inlet, South Island, New Zealand; (b), NIWA 134508, Piombino, Tuscany, Italy. (a), Autozooids showing the peripheral cryptocystal groove, and a small kenozooid. (b), Lateral view of the cryptocystal rim of an autozooid, showing part of the peripheral grove, granules, minute pores (in the groove and lateral interior wall, and multiporous septula). (c), Lateral view of an autozooid and its proximal neighbour with mural septula. Scalebars: (a, c), 200 μm; (b), 100 μm.
Figure 3 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 3. (a–e). Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928): A, B, NHMUK 2020.1.3.1, Wadi Bezirk, Tunisia; (c–e), MNHN, Paris, A66832, Wadi Abid, Tunisia. (a), Autozooids and kenozooids of unbleached specimen. (b), Distal end of autozooid showing cryptocystal groove, cryptocystal granules and acicular spinules on transverse interior wall. (c), Specimen of Nitscheina spiculata [= C. seurati]. (d, e), Unbleached autozooids of zooids from (c), showing, respectively, distolateral spines and a kenozooid. Scalebars: (a, d), 500 μm; (b), 100 μm; (e), 200 μm.
Figure 1 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 1. (a–d). Conopeum antipodum n. sp.: NIWA 98813, Te Whanga Lagoon, Chatham Island, New Zealand. (a), Autozooids with membranous frontal walls and opercula in situ. (b), Autozooids with stout distolateral spines. (c), Post-ancestrular autozooids with stout distolateral spines and smaller lateral spines. (d), Ancestrula and daughter zooids. Arrows in (c) and (d) indicate communication-pore areas in lateral walls. Scalebars: All 200 μm.
Figure 2 in The bryozoan genus Conopeum (Electridae) in New Zealand, with description of a new species and discussion of the morphological and genetic characters of Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)
Figure 2. (a–e). Conopeum antipodum n. sp.: (a, b), NIWA 98813, Te Whanga Lagoon, Chatham Island; (c, e), NIWA 16174, Kaipara Harbour; (d), NIWA 98824, Waitemata Harbour, Auckland, New Zealand. (a), Inner face of operculum showing the form of the marginal sclerite. (b), Two kenozooids flanking a repaired autozooid. (c), Lateral view of an autozooid with mural septula and stumpy spine bases on each side midlaterally. Arrows indicate raised distal zooid rims in profile. (d), Distal end on an autozooid showing a dense pore cluster in the transverse wall and (arrowed), inner (left) and outer (right) multiporous mural septula. (e), Close-up of the interior face of a multiporous mural septulum. Scalebars: (a, d), 50 μm; (b), 200 μm; (c), 100 μm; (e), 20 μm.
FIGURE 3 in A new deepwater species of Natatolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the Chatham Rise, eastern New Zealand
FIGURE 3. Natatolana rekohu sp. nov. All figs paratype (24 mm). A pereopod 1; B, pereopod 1, carpus and propodus; C, pereopod 1, tip of dactylus; D, pereopod 2; E, pereopod 2, carpus and propodus; F, pereopod 7.
FIGURE 2 in A new deepwater species of Natatolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the Chatham Rise, eastern New Zealand
FIGURE 2. Natatolana rekohu sp. nov. All figs paratype (24 mm). A, right mandible; B, left mandible incisor; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, maxilliped; F, maxilliped endite.
FIGURE 4 in A new deepwater species of Natatolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the Chatham Rise, eastern New Zealand
FIGURE 4. Natatolana rekohu sp. nov. All figs paratype (24 mm). A–D, pleopods 1–3 and 5 respectively; E, tip of appendix masculina; F, uropod; G, uropod peduncle, ventral view; H, uropod endopod, apex; I, uropod exopod apex.
FIGURE 1 in A new deepwater species of Natatolana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the Chatham Rise, eastern New Zealand
FIGURE 1. Natatolana rekohu sp. nov. A–I holotype, J, K, paratype (24 mm). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, head, dorsal view; D, head, lateral view; E, pleonites, lateral view; F, pleotelson, dorsal view; G, pleotelson distal margin; H, frons: I, sternite 7 showing penial openings; J, antennule; K, antenna peduncle. Scale bar = 7 mm.
FIGURES 1516. Limnesia rotoruaensis n in Two new water mite species from New Zealand (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
FIGURES 1516. Limnesia rotoruaensis n. sp., 15, paratype female, ventral view; 16, paratype female, genital field
FIGURES 1112. Limnesia rotoruaensis n in Two new water mite species from New Zealand (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
FIGURES 1112. Limnesia rotoruaensis n. sp., holotype male, dorsal platelet with accompanying glandularia; 12, holotype male, palp.
FIGURES 910. Limnesia rotoruaensis n in Two new water mite species from New Zealand (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
FIGURES 910. Limnesia rotoruaensis n. sp. 9, holotype male, ventral view; 10, holotype male, genital field.
FIGURES 46. Frontipoda minutipalpis n in Two new water mite species from New Zealand (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
FIGURES 46. Frontipoda minutipalpis n. sp., 4, holotype female, palp; 5, paratype female, palp + capitulum; 6, paratype female, Ileg13.
FIGURES 78. Frontipoda minutipalpis n in Two new water mite species from New Zealand (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
FIGURES 78. Frontipoda minutipalpis n. sp. 7, holotype female, Ileg46; 8, holotype female, IVleg46.
FIGURE 1 in Wetapolipus jamiesoni gen. nov., spec. nov. (Acari: Podapolipidae), an ectoparasite of the mountain stone weta, Hemideina maori (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae) from New Zealand
FIGURE 1. Wetapolipus jamiesoni Husband & Zhang gen. nov., spec. nov. (adult female). A. Ventral aspect, B. Prodorsal plate, C. Top to bottom, legs I, II, III dorsal and ventral aspects.
FIGURES 1016 in A new genus and species of monostiliferous hoplonemertean (Enopla: Hoplonemertea: Monostilifera) from New Zealand
FIGURES 1016. Vulcanonemertes rangitotoensis gen. et sp. nov. 10, Transverse section through the junction between the pyloric canal and intestine. IN, intestine. PR, proboscis. 11, Transverse section through a cephalic blood vessel to show the appearance of the vacuolar 'pouches'. 12, Transverse section through a lateral nerve cord to show the accessory lateral nerve, indicated by an arrow. LN, lateral nerve cord. 13, Transverse section through a lateral nerve cord with the accessory lateral nerve, indicated by an arrow, running separately above it. 14, Transverse section through a lateral nerve cord in a region where the accessory lateral nerve has divided to form two neural tracts. 15, Transverse section through an efferent excretory tubule. 16, Transverse section through part of the head to show the appearance of the cephalic glands. CG, cephalic glands. DE, dermis.
FIGURES 38 in A new genus and species of monostiliferous hoplonemertean (Enopla: Hoplonemertea: Monostilifera) from New Zealand
FIGURES 38. Vulcanonemertes rangitotoensis gen. et sp. nov. 3, Transverse section through part of the body wall in the foregut region, showing the organisation of the body wall muscle layers. The diagonal muscle layer is indicated by an arrowhead. LM, body wall longitudinal muscle layer. 4, Transverse section through the stomach region to show the thin circular somatic muscle layer, indicated by arrows. The anterior pouches of the intestinal caecum are indicated by stars. PR, proboscis. RC, rhynchocoel. ST, stomach. 5, Transverse section through the foregut region to show how the cephalic glands extend behind the brain as lateral blocks of tissue, and the dorsoventral muscle fibres, indicated by arrows, passing on either side of the lateral blood vessels and nerve cords. CG, cephalic glands. LM, body wall longitudinal muscle layer. LN, lateral nerve cord. LV, lateral blood vessel. 6, Transverse section to show the organisation of the anterior portion of the proboscis. PE, proboscis epithelium. RC, rhynchocoel. 7, Transverse section through part of the head, showing oblique and radial muscle fibres running between the cephalic glands. CG, cephalic glands. CO, cerebral sensory organ. 8, Transverse section through the proboscis stylet bulb to show five accessory stylet pouches. The stylet bulb canal is indicated by an arrow. RC, rhynchocoel. SB, stylet basis.
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