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FIG. 5. — A in The genus Navicordulia Machado & Costa, 1995 (Insecta, Odonata, Corduliidae s.str.): new species, identification key for males and data on ecology and distribution
FIG. 5. — A, distribution map of Navicordulia Machado & Costa, 1995 species of errans group and tropical today extension of grassland, savannah and shrubland in South America following The Nature Conservancy, terrestrial ecoregions. Map background: Natural Earth II; B, distribution map of Navicordulia species of longistyla and uncertain groups and tropical today extension of grassland, savannah and shrubland in South America following The Nature Conservancy, terrestrial ecoregions. Map background: Natural Earth II.
FIG. 4. — Navicordulia pascali n in The genus Navicordulia Machado & Costa, 1995 (Insecta, Odonata, Corduliidae s.str.): new species, identification key for males and data on ecology and distribution
FIG. 4. — Navicordulia pascali n. sp., paratype: A, top of the head showing the eyes seam; B, vesica spermalis in ventral view (removed from ethanol and air dried): distal part of the first segment and distal segments; arrow indicates the third flagellum; B', detail of same with artificially colored third flagellum; C, vesica spermalis in ventral view with a slight lateral component (in ethanol). Arrow indicates the third flagellum; D, distal part of the vesica spermalis in ventral view (in ethanol). Arrow indicates the third flagellum; E, S9, S10 and anal appendages in right lateral view; F, S7 and S8 pilose complex: ventral view; F' schematic longitudinal cut (lateral view, ventral part above). Scale bars: A, B, E, F, 1 mm.
Figure 6. A in Identity of the ailanthus webworm moth (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae), a complex of two species: evidence from DNA barcoding, morphology and ecology
Figure 6. A Holotype of Oeta [=Atteva] compta var. floridana, specimen USNMENT00656113 (USNM) C–D Barcoded specimens of A. aurea from Dade County, Florida with a wing pattern matching or approaching that of floridana (all in CNC) B 4 Avr 2007 (CNCLEP00031090) C 7 Avr 2007 (CN- CLEP00031091) D 8 May 1990 (CNCLEP00056231).
Supplementary material 2 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Raw morphometric data and collection information
Supplementary material 1 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Tables S1, S2, S3. Sampling, genbank sequences and sequences of primers
Figure 1 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Figure 1 Geographic distribution and morphotypes of Euphonia affinis, sampling, phylogeny, and haplotype networks. A geographic distribution of E. affinis: in blue E. a. godmani, in yellow E. a. affinis, and in red E. a. olmecorum (Geographic distribution modified from NatureServe shapefile in ArcGIS, ArcMAP 10.2.2; Esri, Redlands, CA, USA). Tissue sampling locations are indicated by circles in the map. Plumage morphotypes of E. a. godmani (female and male) with white undertail coverts, and E. a. affinis (female and male) with yellow undertail coverts. The previously proposed subspecies E. a. olmecorum (not shown) is similar to E. a. affinis, but paler plumage in females and a purple-blue back in males have been reported. B haplotype networks obtained for the mitochondrial gene ND2 and the nuclear genes ODC, MUSK, GAPDH intron 11, and BRM intron 15. Samples from the western distribution, assigned as E. a. godmani, are shown in blue and from the eastern distribution, assigned as E. a. affinis are indicated in yellow, E. a. olmecorum in red. C bayesian Inference concatenated phylogeny of E. a. godmani (west) and E. a. affinis-E. a. olmecorum (eastern Mexico, Central America).
Figure 4 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Figure 4 Vocalization analysis. Boxplot of note emission rate A and PCA of measured vocal characters B Calls differ between the two groups in temporal structure, but not in frequency or number of notes.
Figure 6 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Figure 6 Equivalence and similarity tests in environmental space for E. a. affinis and E. a. godmani. A PCA of Ecological niche for of E. affinis lineages and the variables contribution to the analyses. The gray gradient indicates the density of the occurrences of the lineages, and the dashed and solid line indicates the 50% and 100% of the environmental background B graphical results of the equivalency tests comparing the two lineages. For both tests (equivalence and similarity) we only presented values for the D metrics. For all graphs the D observed values of the overlap niche analyses are present with the black diamond. The p value is showing in each graphic, all of them not significant for these analyses C graphical results of the similarity test comparing the two lineages in both directions (E. a. affinis vs. E. a. godmani and vice versa), ns = Not significant, p > 0.05.
Figure 5 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Figure 5 Ecological niche modelling and its projection in the geographic areas for E. a. affinis (yellow) and E. a. godmani (blue). In all four panels (a-d), the contribution values of each environmental variable of ENM's is illustrated in the left and the projection of the Ecological niche conditions in the geographic distribution area is shown in the maps. a Ecological Niche projected in the current geographic distribution area of E. affinis and E. a. godmani. b ENM's projected into the geography for each lineage. c ENM of E. a. affinis and E. a. godmani projected in the Last Maximum Glacial ecological conditions. d ENM of E. a. affinis and E. a. godmani projected in the Last Inter Glacial ecological conditions.
Figure 3 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Figure 3 Morphometric analyses results. A) Females boxplots and PCA for WC, TLE, and BD morphometric characters. B) Males boxplot and PCA for WC, TLE, and BD morphometric characters. C) Boxplot and PCA for TL, BL, and BW. WC, TLE, and BD characters were analyzed by separated sex, because the analyses indicated sexual dimorphism (see results and Table 3). Bill length (BL, from the upper base of the bill to the tip of the upper mandible), bill width (BW), bill depth (BD, from the upper mandible to the base of the bill at the distal edge of the nostrils), wing chord (WC, distance from the carpal joint the tip of the longest primary), tarsus length (TL), and tail length (TLE, distance from the uropygial gland to the tip of the longest rectrix).
Figure 2 from: Vázquez-López M, Morrone JJ, Ramírez-Barrera SM, López-López A, Robles-Bello SM, Hernández-Baños BE (2020) Multilocus, phenotypic, behavioral, and ecological niche analyses provide evidence for two species within Euphonia affinis (Aves, Fringillidae). ZooKeys 952: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51785
Figure 2 Ultrametric phylogenetic tree obtained by BEAST using ND2, ODC, and GAPDH concatenated matrix. The rhombus node represents the calibration point 17.1104 My with a 95% HPD of (14.7743, 19.6278) (see methods), dark gray circle node represents the E. affinis origin and light gray circle node represents the break between E. a. godmani and E. a. affinis. Above the branch the diversification dates (My) and in brackets the 95% HPD. Below branch the number indicated the posterior probability. The green area corresponds to the period when lowland dry forests had a greater expansion in Western Mexico.
Data-driven identification of reliable sensor species to predict regime shifts in ecological networks
<p>Signals of critical slowing down are useful for predicting impending transitions in ecosystems. However, in a system with complex interacting components not all components provide the same quality of information to detect system-wide transitions. Identifying the best indicator species in complex ecosystems is a challenging task when a model of the system is not available. In this paper, we propose a data-driven approach to rank the elements of a spatially-distributed ecosystem based on their reliability in providing early-warning signals of critical transitions. The proposed method is rooted in experimental modal analysis techniques traditionally used to identify structural dynamical systems. We show that one could use natural system fluctuations and the system responses to small perturbations to reveal the slowest direction of the system dynamics and identify indicator regions that are best suited for detecting abrupt transitions in a network of interacting components. The approach is applied to several ecosystems to demonstrate how it successfully ranks regions based on their reliability to provide early-warning signals of regime shifts. The significance of identifying the indicator species and the challenges associated with ranking nodes in networks of interacting components are also discussed.</p>
Fig. 1 in A new South African representative of the South West African genus Namibimydas Hesse (Diptera: Mydaidae), with some ecological notes on the habits of the species
Fig. 1. Namibimydas prinsi sp. nov. A. Side view of left antenna of ♀ allotype. B. Side view of proboscis of ♀ allotype. C. Posterior view of hypopygium of ♂ (vestiture partially omitted to show some structures more clearly). D. Right side view of the partially extruded hypopygium of a d'. (AE = the characteristically long, curved aedeagus lodged in the keel part of sternite 9; AL = anal lobes; Ap 2 appendage of concealed or semi-concealed segment 8; Ep I epimere; IX. S. = large boat- or shell-shaped sternite 9; IX.T. = lid-like tergite 9, immovably attached to sternite 9; Pr I processes of sternite 9; VII. T. = tergite 7 partially or entirely covering tergite 8.)
Figure 9 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 9 Morphometric relationships and fecundity characteristics of Macropodia czernjawskii. a. Relationships between carapace width (CW) and the geometric mean of chela length, height and thickness (ChGM). b. Relationships between CW and decimal logarithm of the number of developing eggs (I or II stage of development) on pleopods (F). For statistical data see Table 2.
Figure 7 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 7 Macropodia czernjawskii. a. Right chela, male, CW 11.0 (ZMMU Ma 3547); b. Right chela, male. CW 6.0 mm (ZMMU Ma 3544) c. Malformed right chela, male, CW 8.0 mm (ZMMU Ma 3543); d, e. Same specimen as c. dactylus and propodus of P 5. Scale bars: 1 mm (a–c, e), 0.5 mm (d).
Figure 6 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 6 Macropodia czernjawskii. a. Anterior part of the body with basal antennal segment (ZMMU Ma 3543); b. Anterior part of the body with basal antennal segments, male (ZMMU Ma 3547). c. Male pleon (ZMMU Ma 3547); d. Female sterno-pleonal cavity with exposed genital segment (ZMMU Ma 3538). Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 5 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 5 Macropodia czernjawskii, photographs in natural coloration. a. male (ZMMU Ma 3547), dorsal view. b. Same specimen as a. ventral view. c. female ov (ZMMU Ma 3542), dorsal view. d. Same specimen as c. ventral view. Scale bar: 10 mm. Photographs by SE Anosov.
Figure 4 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 4 Macropodia czernjawskii (a, b. possible paralectotype ZIN-RAS 1609; c, d.ZIN-RAS 35102) and Macropodia longirostris (JC Fabricius, 1775) (e.SMF 3752). a. Right cheliped, ventral view. b. Right cheliped, dorsal view. c. Cphalothorax, dorsal view. d. Cephalothorax, ventral view. e. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm.
Figure 3 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 3 Comparison of Macropodia czernjawskii (a–d. possible paralectotype, male, ZIN-RAS 88750) to Macropodia tenuirostris (Leach, 1814) (a'–d'. male, SMF 3749) and Macropodia rostrata (Linnaeus, 1761) (a''–d''.SMF 40660). a. Dorsal view. b. Lateral view. c. Anterior part of the body, with antennules, basal antennal segments, and epistome, ventral view. d. Dactylus of pereopod 5. Scale bars: 10 mm (a–a''–b–b''), 1 mm (c–c''–d–d'').
Figure 2 from: Spiridonov VA, Simakova UV, Anosov SE, Zalota AK, Timofeev VA (2020) Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 609-635. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48342
Figure 2 Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880), female lectotype (ZIN-RAS 88751). a. Dorsal view. b. Ventral view. c. Lateral view. Scale bar: 5 mm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.