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2,007 results for “ecological species”
Data from: Ecological partitioning among parapatric cryptic species
Geographic range differences among species may result from differences in their physiological tolerances. In the intertidal zone, marine and terrestrial environments intersect to create a unique habitat, across which physiological tolerance strongly influences range. Traits to cope with environmental extremes are particularly important here because many species live near their physiological limits and environmental gradients can be steep. The snail Melampus bidentatus occurs in coastal salt marshes in the western Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. We used sequence data from one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear markers (histone H3 and a mitochondrial carrier protein, MCP) to identify three cryptic species within this broad-ranging nominal species, two of which have partially overlapping geographic ranges. High genetic diversity, low population structure, and high levels of migration within these two overlapping species suggest that historical range limitations do not entirely explain their different ranges. To identify microhabitat differences between these two species, we modeled their distributions using data from both marine and terrestrial environments. Although temperature was the largest factor setting range limits, other environmental components explained features of the ranges that temperature alone could not. In particular, the interaction of precipitation and salinity likely sets physiological limits that lead to range differences between these two cryptic species. This suggests that the response to climatic change in these snails will be mediated by changes to multiple environmental factors, and not just to temperature alone.
Data from: Eco-evolutionary dynamics in metacommunities: ecological inheritance, helping within species, and harming between species
Understanding selection on intra- and inter-specific interactions that take place in dispersal-limited communities is a challenge for ecology and evolutionary biology. The problem is that local demographic stochasticity generates eco-evolutionary dynamics that are generally too complicated to make tractable analytical investigations. Here, we circumvent this problem by approximating the selection gradient on a quantitative trait that influences local community dynamics, assuming that such dynamics are deterministic with a stable fixed point. We nonetheless incorporate unavoidable kin selection effects arising from demographic stochasticity. Our approximation reveals that selection depends on how an individual expressing a trait-change influences: (1) its own fitness and the fitness of its current relatives; and (2) the fitness of its downstream relatives through modifications of local ecological conditions (i.e., through ecological inheritance). Mathematically, the effects of ecological inheritance on selection are captured by dispersal-limited versions of press-perturbations of community ecology. We use our approximation to investigate the evolution of helping within- and harming between-species when these behaviours influence demography. We find that altruistic helping evolves more readily when intra-specific competition is for material resources rather than for space because in this case, the costs of kin competition tend to paid by downstream relatives. Similarly, altruistic harming between species evolves when it alleviates downstream relatives from inter-specific competition. Beyond these examples, our approximation can help better understand the influence of ecological inheritance on a variety of eco-evolutionary dynamics in metacommunities, from consumer-resource and predator-prey coevolution to selection on mating systems with demographic feedbacks.
FIGURE 6 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 6. Simulium (G.) sherwoodi, Guadalcanal. Pupal gill, thoracic cuticle, and antennal sheath.
FIGURE 9 in A new species of the genus Gasterocercus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Cryptorhynchinae) from the Iberian Peninsula, with notes on the ecology of the genus
FIGURE 9. Gasterocercus hispanicus sp. n., female paratype, genital structures. Scale: 0.4 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Trechalea Thorell, 1869 (Araneae: Lycosoidea: Trechaleidae: Trechaleinae) from Costa Rica, with notes on its natural history and ecology
FIGURE 1. Known distribution of Trechalea tirimbina sp. nov. in Costa Rica.
FIGURES 13–14 in A new species of Apocellus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Argentina with ecological notes
FIGURES 13–14. Wetland sampling site.
FIGURE 1 in Stictonectes abellani sp. n. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae) from the Iberian Peninsula, with notes on the phylogeny, ecology and distribution of the Iberian species of the genus
FIGURE 1. Habitus of Stictonectes abellani sp. n.
FIGURE 7 in Stictonectes abellani sp. n. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae) from the Iberian Peninsula, with notes on the phylogeny, ecology and distribution of the Iberian species of the genus
FIGURE 7. Known distribution of all Stictonectes species recorded from the Iberian Peninsula.
FIGURE 4 in Stictonectes abellani sp. n. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae) from the Iberian Peninsula, with notes on the phylogeny, ecology and distribution of the Iberian species of the genus
FIGURE 4. Colour pattern variability in (a–d) Stictonectes abellani sp. n. and (e–h) in S. optatus.
FIGURE 3 in Description and ecology of a new species of Eriopeltastes Burmeister & Schaum, 1840 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Trichiini), from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
FIGURE 3. Eriopeltastes ntinini in its natural habitat. Photograph by Lynette Clennell.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Losdolobus Platnick & Brescovit 1994 (Araneae: Orsolobidae) from Argentina with notes on its ecology and distribution
FIGURE 7. Losdolobus nelsoni sp. nov. Female. Habitus dorsal.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Losdolobus Platnick & Brescovit 1994 (Araneae: Orsolobidae) from Argentina with notes on its ecology and distribution
FIGURE 1. Losdolobus nelsoni sp. nov. Male. Habitus dorsal.
FIGURE 6 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data
FIGURE 6. Distribution map of sampled Conicofrontia and Hygrostola specimens.
FIGURE 1 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data
FIGURE 1. Adults of Conicofrontia species (C. bipartita and C. diamesa). Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data
FIGURE 2. Adults of Conicofrontia species (C. lilomwa and C. sesamoides). Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data
FIGURE 4. Last instar larvae of Conicofrontia species. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 16. F. smiti larva A in The intertidal Fortuyniidae (Acari: Oribatida): new species, morphological diversity, ecology and biogeography
FIGURE 16. F. smiti larva A) dorsal view. B) ventral view.
FIGURE 15. F. smiti adult left legs, antiaxial view. A in The intertidal Fortuyniidae (Acari: Oribatida): new species, morphological diversity, ecology and biogeography
FIGURE 15. F. smiti adult left legs, antiaxial view. A) leg I. B) leg II. C) leg III. D) leg IV.
FIGURE 14. Fortuynia smiti adult. A in The intertidal Fortuyniidae (Acari: Oribatida): new species, morphological diversity, ecology and biogeography
FIGURE 14. Fortuynia smiti adult. A) dorsal view. B) ventral view. C) lateral view.
FIGURE 2. F in The intertidal Fortuyniidae (Acari: Oribatida): new species, morphological diversity, ecology and biogeography
FIGURE 2. F. maledivensis sp. nov. adult. A) dorsal view. B) ventral view. C) lateral view.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.