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Figure 17 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 17. Detailed appearance of the very wide fan of male M mungaich. 1, Expanded fan of a male M. mungaich from Mt. Dale. 2, Retracted or folded fan of a male M. mungaich from the Talbot Road Nature Reserve (photograph © Jean and Fred Hort, used with permission). Specimens recently observed by both Bokhari (2012) and Hort & Hort (2012) from this area showed this pattern with two small blue spots at the center of the black central shield, with a more extensive group of redorange scales bordering that shield toward the rear. Numbered features (1-12) are described and compared with corresponding features of M. sarahae in the next section.
Figure 28 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 28. Changes in appearance of the opisthosomal fan of a male (♂#5) Maratus sarahae. 1-2, As the male displayed to a female, the orientation of the fan relative to incident and reflected light changed its brightness considerably. 3-4, Another example of a change in brightness related to the orientation of the fan. 5-6, Spider showing colour change related to humidity, ~40 s after removal from a vial containing moist cotton (~100% humidity, 5), and three minutes later after drying (6).
Figure 20 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 20. Epigyna of two different female M. mungaich from Mt. Dale. Note variation in the separation of the fossae, the relative size of the large posterior spermathecae, and even the degree of sclerotization of the associated ducts. Spiders of the genus Maratus exhibit little variation in the general features of the epigynum, but differ in details.
Figure 15 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 15. Map of Stirling Range National Park in Western Australia, showing known localities where M. melindae and M. sarahae have been found. Enumerated localities for M. sarahae (3, Ellen Peak, Rix, 2007; 4, Bluff Knoll, Otto, 2011) correspond to our earlier records, and are also shown on Figure 11. Other sites are based on Waldock (2013). This park is a unique refuge for many unique plant species. As can be seen, it is surrounded on all sides and thus isolated by cultivated areas at lower elevations. Satellite image courtesy of the NASA Visible Earth Project.
Figure 16 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 16. Front view of a male M. mungaich as it displayed to a female, with legs III extended and elevated fan. A large patch of dull green, iridescent scales on each anterior lateral margin of the fan is a useful feature for identification of this species, at least in our specimens. Other useful features include the abundance of white scales on the legs (except for the distal legs III) and pedipalps, the uniform cover of red-brown scales in the eye region, and the white tarsus III offset by the dark, red-brown to black appearance of the tibia and metatarsus III.
Figure 11. Collecting site for M in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 11. Collecting site for M. avibus at Cape Arid National Park, located near the Southern Ocean in Western Australia. 1, Spiders were found in the shaded area in the forground, beneath the larger shrubs in this area. 2, Detail of the foreground from (1).
Figure 32 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 32. Ventral views of a female M. sarahae (♀#5). 1, Underside of living spider. 2, Underside of preserved specimen. 3, Ventral view of anterior opisthosoma, showing epigynum. 4, Detail of epigynum, at high contrast.
Figure 10. Sequential frames from a in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 10. Sequential frames from a video study (23.976fps) of the displaying male holotype Maratus avibus covering a span of ~1s during a bout of rapid vibration that lasted for ~4s. 1-5, From a 'set' or starting position the male tilted its extended fan toward the rear then returned it to the set position with a period of ~0.08s. The extent of the rearward movement of the fan can be estimated by the 'flash' of bright blue that appeared at the top of the fan when it was rotated to the rear (frames 2, 4). 5- 13, In this interval the male continued the cycles of rearward rotation of the opisthosoma, but each rearward movement was accompanied by rapid vibration of legs III, alternately closing and opening the gap between the two legs. The speed of this movement could not be measured, but appears as a blur (frames 6, 8, 10, 12). 13-23, Here cycles alternating the set position with rapid movement of legs III continued, but with little movement of the fan. 23-25, The male again began to move the fan to the rear during each cycle.
Figure 12 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 12. Localities where spiders of the mungaich group have been reported, all in Western Australia. 1, Radar topography map of Australia, based on data collected by the NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. 2, Area of interest in the southern part of Western Australia, corresponding to the inset rectangle in (1). Numbers (encircled) correspond to spiders that we have examined, and are described under each of our species accounts. Outlined distributions are based on localities described by Waldock (2013). To date, all species described in this group have an allopatric distribution. Collection from more sites within this area should contribute to our understanding of relationships between the isolated populations represented by these species.
Figure 27 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 27. Fan of a male (♂#5) Maratus sarahae. 1, Black or bright red-orange scales form figures on a background of blue-green iridescent scales. 2, Mating pair. The flaps of the male opisthosomal fan are folded unless the spider is displaying to a female.
Figure 6 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 6. Left pedipalp of male holotype M. avibus (♂#1). As is typical for the genus Maratus, the embolus has two apices, visible in a lateral view (6). The RTA narrows to a slightly blunt, darker tip. Note the presence (4, 5) of a distal jagged edge or tooth on the outer apex of the embolus.
Figure 31. Six different female Maratus sarahae. 1-2 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 31. Six different female Maratus sarahae. 1-2, Detailed view of one female (♀#5), showing mixture of white and darker red-brown scales on both carapace and dorsal opisthosoma. This contrasts (1, arrow) with a lateral opisthosomal band of white scales, a feature that is more prominent in the other females spiders shown here (3-8). Some of these females have a more or less indistinct median figure on the dorsal opisthosoma (4, arrow), and most have a dark band (7, arrow) separating the dorsal area of the opisthosoma from a lateral marginal band comprised of lighter-coloured scales.
Figure 19 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 19. Views of two different female M. mungaich from Mt. Dale. In (2), the converging brown bands at the rear of the carapace as described by Waldock (1995) can be seen, but these are not distinct. A covering of setae is more complete around the anterior and lateral margins of the eye region, but the lack of setae toward the rear of the eye region in some specimens may be due to wear. Females may have a pair of lighter-coloured anterior spots on the dorsal opisthosoma (5, arrows), but again this feature can be indistinct. Compared to M. sarahae females, the legs may be somewhat lighter in colour.
Figure 9 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 9. Video study (23.976fps) of slow lateral rotation of fan by the holotype (♂#2) male M. avibus facing a female. Two sequences of display (I-II), each of 2s duration, are shown in these charts. Five frames from the first sequence are shown above the charts, and the position of each frame is indicated with a number in the first chart. The convention for measurement of this rotation is shown in frame (4): As viewed from the front, rotation of the fan to the left is positive, and rotation of the fan to the right is negative (indicated on vertical axis). Rotation was about 25° to either side.
Figure 13. Cape Arid and Middle Island. 1, Type localities where M. avibus and M in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 13. Cape Arid and Middle Island. 1, Type localities where M. avibus and M. caeruleus have been found, superimposed on an old nautical map of the southwestern coast (1802 survey published by Forrest et al. 1878). Depths are in fathoms (1 fathom = 1.822 m). Coastlines on this early survey map are only approximate. 2, View of Middle Island in the Recherche Archipelago (at right rear, in the distance) from Cape Arid. Several smaller islands nearer to the coast can also be seen. Presently Middle Island is separated from the Cape by a shallow strait.
Figure 3 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 3. Paratype male (♂#2) M. avibus. The scale cover of the dorsal opisthosoma of this individual was more grey, contrasting with the bright band of iridescent blue-purple scales at the rear. 1-2, This spider displayed at a distance by extending and flexing a leg III at the femuro-patellar joint.
Figure 2 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 2. Holotype male (♂#1) M. avibus. Note the variable extension of the anal tubercle and spinnerets behind the posterior margin of the dorsal opisthosomal plate.
Figure 7 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 7. Positions during fan dance of holotype (♂#1, 1-6) and paratype (♂#2, 7-9) male M. avibus facing a female. Although this can vary, the elevated legs typically form four sides of a hexagon bracketed the raised and extended fan from the front, just in front of that fan. 1, Note inflation and extension of the posterior opisthosoma, including display of a patch of bright white setae associated with the anal tubercle above the fan.
Figure 24 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 24. Front views of a male M. sarahae (♂#5), displaying with elevated fan and extended legs III. 1, The dark carapace contrasts with the cover of long white setae covering the pedipalps and legs (except for the darker patella-tibia III). 2, Detail of extended leg LIII, showing fringes of long setae above the femur, and beneath the femur, patella, tibia, and metatarsus. Long black setae are mixed with white setae under the patella and tibia. The distal tarsus also has a thick brush of black setae, not to be confused with the grey tenent setae of the claw tufts that are not visible in this view.
Figure 1 in Spiders of the mungaich group from Western Australia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae: Maratus), with one new species from Cape Arid
Figure 1. Photographs (1-3) and approximate drawings (4-6) of the extended male opisthosomal fan of species in the mungaich group of the genus Maratus. Photographs show fans of living spiders. Drawings are based on descriptions (Waldock 2013) or, in the case of M. karrie, on specimens collected by Darlington that we examined. Waldock described the iridescent scales of these spiders (blue in drawings 4-6) as 'bright blue to rose-gold' under halogen lights, and did not distinguish the appearance of living animals from specimens under alcohol. Our examination of the scales of M. karrie (Figure 14; Hill & Otto 2011), as well as photographs of the M. caeruleus holotype, suggest that the colour of the iridescent background in these drawings is similar to that shown in the photographs. Each scale bar = 1.0 mm. Scale bars associated with each photograph are based on our records. Scale bars associated with each drawing are based on the length of each respective spider in Waldock's (2013) text description and generally do not agree with the scale bars in her figures.
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