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Fig. 7. A–G in Taxonomic revision and first phylogeny of Climacia McLachlan, 1869 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae), with new species and identification key

Fig. 7. A–G. Scanning electron microscopy photographs of Climacia payaya sp. nov. structures. A, Dorsal view of head and prothorax, showing convex vertex and lack of epicranial suture. B, Triangular frons, with mouthparts in evidence on C–D. C, Anterior view of buccal appendages. D, Posterior view of mouthparts. E, Proleg, with five long setae on femur. F, Mesoleg, with tibial spur expanded. G, Female genitalia, lateral view. (Abbreviations: atp = anterior tentorial pit, cly = clypeus, cx = coxae, fm = femur, ga = galea, gx = gonocoxite, lac = lacinia, lbp = labial palp, lbr = labrum, md = mandibula, mxp = maxillary palp, ped = pedicel, S = Sternite, sc = scalpe, tb = tibia, tbs = tibial spur, tc = tarsal claw, ts = tarsus, T = Tergite, ve = vertex).

Fig. 5 in Taxonomic revision and first phylogeny of Climacia McLachlan, 1869 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae), with new species and identification key

Fig. 5. Equal weighting consensus tree of Climacia McLachlan phylogenetic relationship. Box of sensibility analysis showing in which weighting analysis the clade appeared (EW = equal weighting, implied weighting K1 = k1–k2, K3 = k3–k4, K5 = k5–k7, K8 = k8, K9 = k9–k20); grey means recovered and white not recovered. Red circles with bootstrap values. Blue squares with Bremer relative fit difference. Black diamonds mean homologies and white diamonds mean homoplasy. Dashed line with a relation hypothesis that frequently appeared in other weighting analysis. Illustration of male genitalia showing possible character states. Superscript star in the new species. Green boxes represent clades recovered. (For interpretation of the references to color n this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4. A–F in Taxonomic revision and first phylogeny of Climacia McLachlan, 1869 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae), with new species and identification key

Fig. 4. A–F. Climacia McLachlan phylogenetic hypothesis of relationship under different weighting, consensus trees. A, Equal weighting. B–F Implied weighting: B, k = 1–2. C, k = 3–4. D, k = 5–7. E, k = 8. F, k = 9–20. Yellow and green boxes representing the clades 1 and 2, respectively, both appeared in all analysis. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 3 in Taxonomic revision and first phylogeny of Climacia McLachlan, 1869 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae), with new species and identification key

Fig. 3. Illustration of the morphological characters used for the phylogenetic analyses. Numbers correspond to the character number in Table 5. Numbers in square brackets are the character's state.

Fig. 1. A–B in Taxonomic revision and first phylogeny of Climacia McLachlan, 1869 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae), with new species and identification key

Fig. 1. A–B. Climacia McLachlan wing venation terminology, following Breitkreuz et al. (2017), with modification. A, Forewing. B, Hind wing. (Abbreviations: A = Anal, C = Costa, CuA = Cubital Anterior, CuP = Cubital Posterior, MA = Medial Anterior, MP = Medial Posterior, RA = Radial Anterior, RP = Radial Posterior, Sc = Subcosta).

Fig. 8. Cheiriphotis erythraeus male gnathopod 2 in The morphological diversity within a species can obscure the correct identification

Fig. 8. Cheiriphotis erythraeus male gnathopod 2 (on the left), and the map of distribution range of C. erythraeus (triangle), Cheiriphotis mediterranea (circle), and Cheiriphotis williamsoni (square).

Fig. 6 in The morphological diversity within a species can obscure the correct identification

Fig. 6. Cheiriphotis mediterranea, male, gnathopod 2. A) Morphotype 4; B) Morphotype 5; C) Morphotype 6.

Fig. 7 in The morphological diversity within a species can obscure the correct identification

Fig. 7. Iconography of adult male gnathopod 2 and telson in: (A) Cheiriphotis mediterranea from Myers 1983; (B) Cheiriphotis neotropicalis from Val´erio-Berardo et al., 2007; (C) Cheiriphotis williamsoni from Salman & Jabbar 1990; (D) photo of adult male gnathopod 2 in Cheiriphotis mediterranea scored in the samples (see text for details). The original drawing in (A) of C. mediterranea (Myers 1983) shows the gnathopod 2 propodus as being subtriangular in shape; on the contrary, the present re-description shows the propodus as being clearly subquadrate or quadrate in adult males (D).

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Supplementary materials for the manuscript "Heracleum sosnowskyi or Heracleum mantegazzianum? DNA-based identification of invasive hogweeds (Apiaceae) in two key regions of the species' invasion history in the former USSR.

Supplementary material for the manuscript "Heracleum sosnowskyi or Heracleum mantegazzianum? DNA-based identification of invasive hogweeds (Apiaceae) in two key regions of the species' invasion history in the former USSR".  Shadrin_et_al_Online_Resource_Table_01.xlsx - Plant samples origin and identification. Shadrin_et_al_Online_Resource_Table_02.xlsx - GenBank accession numbers for DNA markers.

Figures 11–14 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figures 11–14. Dorsal habitus of Phloea spp., nymphs. (11) P. corticata, second instar; (12) P. corticata, fifth instar; (13) P. subquadrata, second instar; (14) P. subquadrata, fifth instar. Scale bars = 3 mm.

Figure 18 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figure 18. South America map containing distributional data for Phloea corticata. The diagonally dashed state (Pará) represents a state-level record. Grey triangles represent records from the literature; blue squares represent collection records; red circles represent iNaturalist records.

Figures 7–10 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figures 7–10. Chromatic variation of Phloea subquadrata, adults. (7) Female, dorsal view; (8) male, dorsal view; (9) female, ventral view; (10) male, ventral view. Scale bars = 3 mm.

Figures 5, 6 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figures 5, 6. Dorsal habitus of Phloeophana longirostris, adults. (5) Female; (6) male. Scale bar = 3 mm.

Figures 1–4 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figures 1–4. Dorsal habitus of Phloea spp., adults. (1) P. corticata, female; (2) P. corticata, male; (3) P. subquadrata, female; (4) P. subquadrata, male. Scale bar = 3 mm.

Figure 20 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figure 20. Distributional data of Phloeophana longirostris. Ecoregions as in Figure 18. Grey triangles represent records from the literature; blue squares represent collection records; red circles represent iNaturalist records.

Figures 15–17 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figures 15–17. Diagnostic characters for the family, as seen in Phloeophana longirostris. (15) Head, ventral view; (16) evaporatorium, black arrow indicating ostiole; (17) head and pronotum, lateral view, black arrow indicating annulus without ommatidia. Scale bars = 3 mm.

Figure 19 in Synopsis of the remarkable family Phloeidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea): species identification, chromatic polymorphism and updated distribution

Figure 19. Distributional data of Phloea subquadrata. Ecoregions as in Figure 18. Grey triangles represent records from the literature; blue squares represent collection records; red circles represent iNaturalist records.

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TABLE 2 in Morphological identification of Glyptothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)

TABLE 2. Diagnostic characters for Glyptothrips species.<table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>Head, dorsal length x width ratio¹</th><th>PO length x eye dorsal length ratio¹</th><th>Antennal segments, sense cone formula</th><th>Antennal segments VII–VIII, junction</th><th>Pterothoracic ventrolateral setae</th><th>Legs, presence of thick and elongated capitate setae</th><th>Abdominal tergite IX, tip of dorsal posterior setae</th><th>Abdominal sternite VIII in males, pore plate appearance</th><th>Tube length x head dorsal length ratio ¹</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>G. arkansanus</th><td>1.14–1.24</td><td>0.77–0.83</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Partially fused, with visible suture</td><td>Acute, indistinct from other meso- metanotal ventral setae</td><td>Absent</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Narrow transverse plate medially</td><td>0.87–1.07</td></tr><tr><th>G. bucca</th><td>1.23–1.27</td><td>0.91–1.19</td><td>III: 3 IV: 3</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Acute, indistinct from other meso- metanotal ventral setae</td><td>Absent</td><td>S1: Dilated: S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Circular pore plate medially</td><td>0.67</td></tr><tr><th>G. claviger</th><td>1.08–1.33</td><td>0.42–0.71</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Present in all femora</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Dilated</td><td>Large, covering most of sternite</td><td>0.76–0.80</td></tr><tr><th>G. divergens</th><td>1.44–1.46</td><td>~0.22</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Absent</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Elliptical pore plate medially</td><td>1.23</td></tr><tr><th>G. flavescens</th><td>1.14–1.32</td><td>0.64–0.80</td><td>III: 2 or 3 IV: 2 or 3</td><td>Fully fused, usually without a suture</td><td>Acute, indistinct from other meso- metanotal ventral setae</td><td>Absent</td><td>S1: Blunt to dilated S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Narrow transverse plate medially</td><td>1.04–1.23</td></tr><tr><th>G. floridensis</th><td>~1.05 (estimated from the figure in Stannard 1955)</td><td>~0.5</td><td>III:? IV:?</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Present at least on fore femora</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Dilated</td><td>Narrow transverse plate subbasally</td><td>~0.92</td></tr><tr><th>G. fuscipes</th><td>1.27–1.38</td><td>0.70–0.88</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Present on all femora and fore tibiae</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Large, covering most of sternite</td><td>0.89</td></tr><tr><th>G. hylaeus</th><td>1.27–1.3</td><td>~0.34</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Absent</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Variable, from acute to dilated</td><td>Large, covering most of sternite</td><td>0.81</td></tr><tr><th>G. interior</th><td>~1.04</td><td>~0.89</td><td>III: 2 IV: 2</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>?</td><td>S1: Dilated S2:?</td><td>Narrow transverse plate subbasally</td><td>~0.64</td></tr><tr><th>G. longiceps</th><td>1.5–1.56</td><td>0.18–0.27</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Present on fore femora of some specimens</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Large, covering most of sternite</td><td>0.63–0.68</td></tr><tr><th>G. reticulatus</th><td>1.06–1.27</td><td>~0.35 (estimated from original description)</td><td>III: 1 IV: 2</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Acute, indistinct from other meso- metanotal ventral setae</td><td>Present on fore femora of some specimens</td><td>S1: Blunt S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Narrow transverse plate subbasally</td><td>0.65–0.76</td></tr><tr><th>G. saltuarius</th><td>1.51–1.52</td><td>0.32–0.39</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Absent</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Dilated</td><td>Large, covering most of sternite</td><td>0.81–0.84</td></tr><tr><th>G. silvaticus</th><td>1.28–1.31</td><td>~0.83</td><td>III: 3 IV: 4</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>All femora</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Acute to blunt</td><td>Narrow transverse plate medially</td><td>0.86–0.88</td></tr><tr><th>G. subcalvus</th><td>1.06–1.15</td><td>0.37–0.42</td><td>III: 2 IV: 2</td><td>Fully distinct</td><td>Thickened and with dilated tip</td><td>Present on fore femora of some specimens</td><td>S1: Dilated S2: Dilated</td><td>Narrow transverse plate medially; anterior margin is concave, and in some specimens the pore plate is almost U-shaped</td><td>0.57–0.68</td></tr></tbody></table>

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TABLE 1 in Morphological identification of Glyptothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)

TABLE 1. List of Glyptothrips species and material studied for each.<table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Literature data</th><th>Type specimens</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>G. arkansanus</th><td>Stannard 1968; Mound 1977.</td><td>&female; lectotype, 1&female; and 1&male; paralectotypes, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. bucca</th><td>Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, 1&male; allotype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. claviger</th><td>Stannard 1955, 1957, 1968; Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, 1&female; and 1&male; paratypes, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. divergens</th><td>Mound 1977.</td><td>1&female; and 1&male; paratypes, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. flavescens</th><td>Watson 1934, 1935; Stannard 1955, 1957, 1968; Mound 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, 1&female; paratype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. floridensis</th><td>Stannard 1957; Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>&male; type, deposited at INHS</td></tr><tr><th>G. fuscipes</th><td>Mound 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, 1&female; and 1&male; paratypes, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. hylaeus</th><td>Mound 1977.</td><td>&male; holotype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. interior</th><td>Stannard 1957, 1968; Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>&male; paratype, deposited at INHS</td></tr><tr><th>G. longiceps</th><td>Mound 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. reticulatus</th><td>Hood 1941; Stannard 1955, 1957, 1968; Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>Eurythrips sculpturus Hood (synonym) &female; holotype, Eurythrips silvarum Hood (synonym) &female; holotype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. saltuarius</th><td>Mound 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, &male; allotype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. silvaticus</th><td>Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>&female; holotype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr><tr><th>G. subcalvus</th><td>Mound 1976, 1977.</td><td>&female; paratype, deposited at NMNH</td></tr></tbody></table>