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741 results for “, chicken,”
Data from: Sound attenuation in the ear of domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) as a result of beak opening
Because the quadrate and the eardrum are connected, the hypothesis was tested that birds attenuate the transmission of sound through their ears by opening the bill, which potentially serves as an additional protective mechanism for self-generated vocalizations. In domestic chickens, it was examined if a difference exists between hens and roosters, given the difference in vocalization capacity between the sexes. To test the hypothesis, vibrations of the columellar footplate were measured ex vivo with laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) for closed and maximally opened beak conditions, with sounds introduced at the ear canal. The average attenuation was 3.5 dB in roosters and only 0.5 dB in hens. To demonstrate the importance of a putative protective mechanism, audio recordings were performed of a crowing rooster. Sound pressures levels of 133.5 dB were recorded near the ears. The frequency content of the vocalizations was in accordance with the range of highest hearing sensitivity in chickens. The results indicate a small but significant difference in sound attenuation between hens and roosters. However, the amount of attenuation as measured in the experiments on both hens and roosters is small and will provide little effective protection in addition to other mechanisms such as stapedius muscle activity.
Data from: Commercial chicken breeds exhibit highly divergent patterns of linkage disequilibrium
The analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) underpins the development of effective genotyping technologies, trait mapping and understanding of biological mechanisms such as those driving recombination and the impact of selection. We apply the Malécot-Morton model of LD to create additive LD maps which describe the high-resolution LD landscape of commercial chickens. We investigated LD in chickens (Gallus gallus) at the highest resolution to date for broiler, white egg and brown egg layer commercial lines. There is minimal concordance between breeds of fine scale LD patterns (correlation coefficient < 0.21), and even between discrete broiler lines. Regions of LD breakdown, which may align with recombination hotspots, are enriched near CpG islands and transcription start sites (p < 2.2x10-16), consistent with recent evidence described in finches, but concordance in hotspot locations between commercial breeds is only marginally greater than random. As in other birds functional elements in the chicken genome are associated with recombination, but, unlike evidence from other bird species, the LD landscape is not stable in the populations studied. The development of optimal genotyping panels for genome-led selection programmes will depend on careful analysis of the LD structure of each line of interest. Further study is required to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying highly divergent LD patterns found in commercial chickens.
Data from: Analysis of genome-wide structure, diversity and fine mapping of Mendelian traits in traditional and village chickens
Extensive phenotypic variation is a common feature among village chickens found throughout much of the developing world, and in traditional chicken breeds that have been artificially selected for traits such as plumage variety. We present here an assessment of traditional and village chicken populations, for fine mapping of Mendelian traits using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping while providing information on their genetic structure and diversity. Bayesian clustering analysis reveals two main genetic backgrounds in traditional breeds, Kenyan, Ethiopian and Chilean village chickens. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) reveals useful LD (r2greater than or equal to0.3) in both traditional and village chickens at pairwise marker distances of ~10 Kb; while haplotype block analysis indicates a median block size of 11–12 Kb. Association mapping yielded refined mapping intervals for duplex comb (Gga 2:38.55–38.89 Mb) and rose comb (Gga 7:18.41–22.09 Mb) phenotypes in traditional breeds. Combined mapping information from traditional breeds and Chilean village chicken allows the oocyan phenotype to be fine mapped to two small regions (Gga 1:67.25–67.28 Mb, Gga 1:67.28–67.32 Mb) totalling ~75 Kb. Mapping the unmapped earlobe pigmentation phenotype supports previous findings that the trait is sex-linked and polygenic. A critical assessment of the number of SNPs required to map simple traits indicate that between 90 and 110K SNPs are required for full genome-wide analysis of haplotype block structure/ancestry, and for association mapping in both traditional and village chickens. Our results demonstrate the importance and uniqueness of phenotypic diversity and genetic structure of traditional chicken breeds for fine-scale mapping of Mendelian traits in the species, with village chicken populations providing further opportunities to enhance mapping resolutions.
Data from: Monitoring chicken flock behaviour provides early warning of infection by human pathogen Campylobacter
Campylobacter is the commonest bacterial cause of gastrointestinal infection in humans and chicken meat is the major source of infection throughout the world. Strict and expensive on-farm biosecurity measures have been largely unsuccessful in controlling infection and are hampered by the time needed to analyze faecal samples with the result that Campylobacter status is often known only after a flock has been processed. Our data demonstrate an alternative approach that monitors the behaviour of live chickens with cameras and analyses the 'optical flow' patterns made by flock movements. Campylobacter-free chicken flocks have higher mean and lower kurtosis of optical flow than those testing positive for Campylobacter by microbiological methods. We show that by monitoring behaviour in this way, flocks likely to become positive can be identified within the first 7-10 days of life, much earlier than conventional on-farm microbiological methods. This early warning has the potential to lead to a more targeted approach to Campylobacter control and also provides new insights into possible sources of infection that could transform the control of this globally important foodborne pathogen.
[Dataset] 1H‑NMR based‑metabolomics reveals alterations in the metabolite profiles of chickens infected with ascarids and concurrent histomonosis infection
<p>The dataset associated with the publication "1H‑NMR based‑metabolomics reveals alterations in the metabolite profiles of chickens infected with ascarids and concurrent histomonosis infection" in <i>Gut Pathogens</i> (DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00584-7) comprises NMR measurements of plasma and liver samples. This dataset stems from a controlled study involving laying hens subject to mixed infections of <i>Ascaridia galli</i> and<i> Heterakis gallinarum</i>. Monitoring 108 individual hens over weeks 2 to 18 post-infection, samples of plasma and liver were collected at specific intervals. The dataset encompasses measurements of antibodies against histomonas, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, and worm burdens, providing essential information for understanding the metabolic alterations induced by these infections in chickens.</p>
Dataset: Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc. (CSSE) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Fig. 1 in Development of in-country live food production for amphibian conservation: The Mountain Chicken Frog (Leptodactylus fallax) on Dominica, West Indies
Fig. 1. (A) The Dominican mountain chicken project captive breeding and research facility, Roseau, Dominica. (B) Layout of the conservation breeding facility. Photo: D. Nicholson.
The supporting data of chicken linear pan-genome
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dataset for paper Toxicity Test of Propolis Product as Protective and Therapeutic Substance for Embryo of Chicken
<p>This data set is free to download </p>
Effect of Chicken Egg Antibody (IgY) on Patients With Chronic Gastritis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02721355. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Impacts of Omega-3-PUFA Enriched Chicken-meat and Eggs in Healthy Humans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04127409. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Domestic chickens defy Rensch's rule: sexual size dimorphism in chicken breeds
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Data from: The chicken or the egg? Adaptation to desiccation and salinity tolerance in a lineage of water beetles
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Data from: Commercial chicken breeds exhibit highly divergent patterns of linkage disequilibrium
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Data from: Analysis of genome-wide structure, diversity and fine mapping of Mendelian traits in traditional and village chickens
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Data from: The role of pleiotropy and linkage in genes affecting a sexual ornament and bone allocation in the chicken
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Data from: Monitoring chicken flock behaviour provides early warning of infection by human pathogen Campylobacter
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Litter commensal bacteria can limit the horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance to Salmonella in chickens
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Data from: Genome-wide association analysis identifies potential regulatory genes for eumelanin pigmentation in chicken plumage
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Data from: Sound attenuation in the ear of domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) as a result of beak opening
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.