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533 results for “Aerial”
No apparent trade-off between the quality of nest grown feathers and time spent in the nest in an aerial insectivore, the tree swallow
<p>Life history theory provides a framework for understanding how trade-offs generate negative trait associations. Among nestling birds, time spent in the nest, risk of predation, and lifespan covary, but some associations are only found within species while others are only observed between species. A recent comparative study suggests that allocation trade-offs may be alleviated by disinvestment in ephemeral traits, such as nest-grown feathers, that are quickly replaced. However, direct resource allocation trade-offs cannot be inferred from inter-specific trait-associations without complementary intra-specific studies. Here, we asked whether there is evidence for a within-species allocation trade-off between feather quality and time spent in the nest in tree swallows (<em>Tachycineta bicolor</em>). Consistent with the idea that ephemeral traits are deprioritized, nest-grown feathers had lower barb density than adult feathers. However, despite substantial variation in fledging age among nestlings, there was no evidence for a negative association between time in the nest and feather quality. Furthermore, accounting for differences in resource availability by considering provisioning rate and a nest predation treatment did not reveal a trade-off that was masked by variation in resources. Our results are most consistent with the idea that the inter-specific association between development and feather quality arises from adaptive specialization, rather than from a direct allocation trade-off.</p>
Data from: a physics-based digital twin for model predictive control of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle landing
<p>This paper proposes a two-level, data-driven, digital twin concept for the autonomous landing of aircraft, under some assumptions. It features a digital twin instance for model predictive control; and an innovative, real-time, digital twin prototype for fluid-structure interaction and flight dynamics to inform it. The latter digital twin is based on the linearization about a pre-designed glideslope trajectory of a high-fidelity, viscous, nonlinear computational model for flight dynamics; and its projection onto a low-dimensional approximation subspace to achieve real-time performance, while maintaining accuracy. Its main purpose is to predict in real-time, during flight, the state of an aircraft and the aerodynamic forces and moments acting on it. Unlike static lookup tables or regression-based surrogate models based on steady-state wind tunnel data, the aforementioned real-time digital twin prototype allows the digital twin instance for model predictive control to be informed by a truly dynamic flight model, rather than a less accurate set of steady-state aerodynamic force and moment data points. The paper describes in detail the construction of the proposed two-level digital twin concept and its verification by numerical simulation. It also reports on its preliminary flight validation in autonomous mode for an off-the-shelf unmanned aerial vehicle instrumented at Stanford University.</p>
Polarization Mode Dispersion Measurements on 76Km of wrapped Aerial Optical Fibre
<p>This dataset consists of Polarisation Mode Dispersion measurements taken on 76Km of aerial fibre. The fibre is wrapped on a high voltage line. </p> <p>The results with the Nexus teser where taken in April 2009 and the second set of measurements were taken using a more accurate Adaptif PMD tester in August 2009. </p> <p>Hopefully this data will be useful to others. </p> <p> </p>
Invasive brown widow spiders disperse aerially under a broad range of environmental conditions
<p>Spiders commonly disperse on silk lines as juveniles by means of rappelling or ballooning. These modes of dispersal, especially long-distance dispersal via ballooning, can greatly increase the distance an individual can move, and at the population level, the speed of range expansion and likelihood of gene flow. Nevertheless, few studies have examined how spiders disperse under field conditions, and which environmental and meteorological conditions may affect their decision to disperse. We tested dispersal by spiderlings of the invasive brown widow (<em>Latrodectus geometricus</em>) under field conditions in the Negev Desert of Israel. We documented pre-dispersal (climbing and tiptoeing) and dispersal (short-distance dispersal by rappelling and long-distance dispersal by ballooning) behaviours during the day (n = 147 spiders) and night (n = 171 spiders), while recording wind speed, temperature, and humidity. We found that spiders ballooned significantly more during the day (14.3%) compared with 1.8% of spiders ballooning at night. At night, spiders were more likely to disperse in conditions of higher wind speeds, lower temperature, and higher humidity, whereas during the day, environmental factors were less predictive of dispersal behaviour. In addition, we found significant differences in the proportion of spiderlings showing pre-dispersal and dispersal behaviour depending on family line. In conjunction with human-mediated dispersal, ballooning and rappelling may be an important mechanism of range expansion in the brown widow spider. Understanding the environmental and genetic factors affecting dispersal may lead to better management of invasive species.</p>
Drone aerial imagery of a macroalgal-covered coastline in Kobbefjord (SW Greenland) in 2018 and 2019
<p>Aerial images of inner Kobbefjord (SW Greenland) were acquired on two occasions in 2018 (2018-09-07 15:06; 2018-09-07 16:00) representing different tidal levels and on one occasion in 2019 (2019-08-26). Images were acquired using a DJI Mavic Air drone. The imagery was acquired in connection with the “Greenland Ecosystem Monitoring Program” “Nuuk Basis” monitoring of marine flora (http://<a href="http://g-e-m.dk/">g-e-m.dk</a>/). This drone survey was carried out with the primary goal of documenting and quantifying the area distribution of the tidal vegetation (dominated by the brown macroalga <em>Ascophyllum nodosum</em>) and shallow subtidal vegetation at the monitoring site. Images were processed using Agisoft Metashape Professional to produce high resolution orthomosaics from each UAV survey.</p>
Figure 5 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 5. The tongue of Vespertilionoidea, family Natalidae, Natalus macrourus: (a) Apex covered by flaky-shaped filiform papillae; (b) Salience (arrow) on mid-dorsal region of the tongue; and (c) Posterior region of the tongue with three circumvallate papillae, one anterior (VA) and two posteriorly placed (VM) and pointed basal filiform papillae (B).
Figure 4 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 4. Tongues of Noctilionoidea, families Mormoopidae, Thyropteridae, and Furipteridae; (a) Oval and grooved fungiform (F) surrounded by crown filiform papillae (C) in Pteronotus rubiginosus; (b) Globular fungiform (F) surrounded by short and pointed strictly filiform papillae (FL) in Thyroptera wynneae; (c) Posterior region with large medial circumvallate with prominent sulcus (S) and surrounding integument (I), and triangular filiform papillae (T) in Furipterus horrens; and (d) Striclty filiform papillae at the apex in F. horrens.
Figure 3 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 3. Tongues of Emballonuridae (Emballonuroidea): (a) Circumvallate papillae (V) with the groove and surrounding incipient tegument and fungiform papillae (F) to the left of the circumvallate papillae in Peropteryx kappleri; (b) Lateral fungiform papillae (F) and low basal filiform papillae (B) in P. kappleri; (c) Strictly filiform papillae concentrically arranged at the middle region of the tongue in Rhynchonycteris naso; and (d) Bifid filiform tubular-shaped papillae at the apex in P. kappleri.
Figure 2 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 2. Types of lingual papillae observed in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats: (a) Circumvallate with remarkable sulcus and integument, surrounded by pointed basal filiform (arrows); (b) Fungiform with notable sulcus (arrow); (c) Bifid filiform; (d) Strictly filiform; (e) Flacky-like filiform, note the layered structure with dentate keratinous plates; (f) Giant filiform (center), note the bigger size than the surrounding papillae; (g) Digitiform filiform; (h) Crown-shaped filiform, note the bulbous base and delicate filamentous projections at the apical edge; (i) Scale-like filiform, note the rectangular-shaped and dorsally concave structure; and (j) Triangular filiform.
Figure 7 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 7. Constrained bat phylogeny and the fittest distribution of characters and their respective state (in parentheses).The coding of characters among the taxa is inTable 2.
Figure 1 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 1. Dorsal surface of the tongue showing the general division in three regions to facilitate the description and distribution of the papillae.
Figure 6 in Comparative morphology of tongue surface in Neotropical aerial insectivore bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Figure 6. The tongue of Vespertilionoidea, family Vespertilionidae: (a) Posterior region of the tongue with a pair of circumvallate papillae (V) and the conical basal papillae (B) in Histiotus velatus. Note the naked central portion between circumvallate papillae and the glottis (G); (b) Middle portion of the tongue with remarkable salience covered by scale-like filiform papillae with large fungiform papillae in Eptesicus furinalis; (c) Circumvallate papilla, note the lobed surface of the papilla in Eptesicus brasiliensis; (d) Scale-like filiform papillae on the mid-dorsal salience in H. velatus.
Aerial view of the west half of Trench 01 (HARP)
This quick aerial view of trench 01 shows the amount of rubble we will have to clear before getting down to the occupation layer of this part of the building. [HARP_2022_Q_03_01.LQ] Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Grand Canyon National Park 3D Aerial Map
Map of the Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona. Featuring the Kaibab Plateau, Colorado River, and Little Colorado River Gorge. The Grand Canyon is the second-most visited National Park in the United States, at visitation of around 6 million people each year. The South Rim of the park is around 7,000 feet in elevation, while the North Rim is 8,000 to nearly 9,000 feet. From the Grand Canyon you can often see over 100 miles in many directions, with Flagstaff's San Francisco Peaks to the South, and Navajo Mountain in Utah to the Northeast. The Canyon is home to many Native American tribes, and thousands of archaeology sites are found from the rim to the river. Among notable archaeological sites is the Unkar Delta, with of 52 excavated sites from Ancestral Puebloan people (Hisatsinom) who lived there 800–1200 years ago, planting on the delta and growing corn, squash, beans. Enjoy this free map of one of my favorite places in the world, and just in my "backyard". -Nate Loper Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mugdock AA Battery - Aerial 3D Model
An aerial 3D model, with my first use of a drone, of the WWII Anti Aircraft Battery at Mugdock Country Park just to the north of Milngavie. The battery consists of four gun pits and a control bunker. The battery was part of a series of Anti Aircraft Defences which were constructed after the Clydebank Blitz of 1941. For more information on the site check out the Canmore entry https://canmore.org.uk/site/105603/mugdock-wood-battery Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Heterogeneous Collaborative Aerial Manipulation
<p>The video shows the final experiments for heterogeneous collaborative aerial manipulation using two hexacopters with different manipulation capabilities and system properties.</p> <p>An exponentially stable controller is used on each vehicle such that the system consistently converges to the required setpoints, both on a free and locked manipulator scenarios. </p> <p>Experiments show that the controller can effectively transport a load using two different agents, with two different manipulation capabilities, to perform the task and still be robust to external unmodeled disturbances.</p>
Mechanism For Perching On Smooth Surfaces Using Aerial Impacts
<p><strong>For many applications the battery life is the limiting factor for a UAV. Perching on the environment extends the operating time of the drone, which can be useful in applications such as surveillance (temporary security measures) and maintenance, and can provide additional stability for precise manipulation and reparation tasks. However, on smooth surfaces, such as glass or the surface of the blades of a wind-turbine, perching is challenging, as the surface should not be damaged.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>This video shows an experiment in which a drone perches on a smooth surface. A drone is presented with a manipulator that consists of three beams in a triangle structure, with a vacuum-cup on the end of the middle beam.The drone impacts the environment, which ensures sufficient vacuum in the vacuum-cup and a proper perch. Then the drone can be turned off. After a small period the drone is enabled again and takes off. Note that the procedure is performed by a person using an user-interface, while the drone is controlled with position and orientation controllers. </strong></p> <p><br> <strong>Note that this work is an application based on the knowledge gained from the work “Compliant Aerial Manipulators: Developing the New Generation of Aerial Robotic Workers”. The work has been extended to automate the perch and actively maintain the vacuum-level in the perched state in the work “Autonomous And Sustained Perching On Smooth Surfaces”.</strong></p>
Compliant Aerial Manipulators: Developing the New Generation of Aerial Robotic Workers
<p><strong>This video demonstrates the results found in the research of a new topic in aerial manipulation. We attempt to successfully collide on the environment with the UAV without crashing. This can be useful to robustly establish contact with the environment in realistic outdoor scenarios, where precise knowledge on the position of the drone might not always available.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>In the video three different experiments are shown. In all of these experiments, the manipulator arm (in this case a rotating rod) is in front of the drones center of mass.</strong></p> <p><strong>The first experiment shows the collision of the drone with the environment when the manipulator is rigidly connected to the drone. This causes a severe impact, which destabilizes the drone. It is simply too much energy for the drone to handle. In the second experiment the manipulator arm is connected to the drone via a spring-damper system to reduce the severeness of the impact. This shows significant improvement, but the drone is unable to maintain contact and bounces. The key to success in this work was to add a mechanical one-direction stop on the manipulator. This stop allows the arm to be pressed in during impact, but prevents the arm from releasing the energy afterwards. The third experiment shows how this works and demonstrates a beautiful smooth impact to achieve contact.</strong></p>
FIGURE 2 in The use of aerial and close-range photogrammetry in the study of dinosaur tracksites: Lower Cretaceous (upper Aptian/lower Albian) Molfetta ichnosite (Apulia, southern Italy)
FIGURE 2. Molfetta tracksite - Map of the trampled surface.
Crop performance, aerial, and satellite data from multistate maize yield trials
<p>Accurate genotype-specific early yield estimates at fields and plots offer potential benefits to farmers in optimizing their agronomic practices, breeders in screening hundreds and thousands of varieties, and policymakers in decisions contributing to the overall improvement of agriculture and food production systems. Effective, generalizable approaches to track plant growth and predict yield at the individual plot level require large matched datasets of remote sensing and ground truth data collected across multiple environments. Low-altitude drone flights are increasingly being used to collect data from field evaluations of new crop varieties, while satellite imagery is being explored to track yield and management practices at the regional and field scales. Despite their lower spatial resolution, satellite platforms exhibit multiple logistical and technical advantages in scalability and accessibility, and could facilitate plot-level predictions, especially with steadily improving spatial resolution. However, genotype-specific, plot-level, high-resolution satellite images from multiple environments integrated with the ground truth measurements are not yet publicly available. Here we generated, described, and evaluated a set of more than 20,000 plot-level images of over 80 hybrid maize (Zea mays) varieties grown in six locations across the US corn belt under various management practices collected from (near simultaneous) satellite and drone flights integrated with ground truth measurements of crop yield. Of the six baseline models examined, models employing data collected from satellite images often matched or exceeded the performance of models employing data collected from drones for both within-environment and cross-environment yield prediction. Large, multimodal, multi-environment, genetically diverse training datasets such as those generated in this study, along with more complex models could help unlock the power of satellite imagery as an important new addition to the tool of farmers, plant geneticists, crop breeders, and policymakers.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.