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352 results for “Bee nesting”
Figs. 70–74 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 70–74. Pupae of rophitines bees. 70. Dufourea holocyanea, female, lateral view. 71. Male antenna of D. holocyanea, drawn to same scale as female. 72. S6 of male of D. holocyanea, ventral view. 73. Dufourea a. australis, male, lateral view. 74. Rophites canus, female. Scale refers to figs. 70, 71, 73, and 74.
Fig. 64 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Fig. 64. Postdefecating larva of Conanthalictus bakeri? (specimen not certainly identified to species; see text). Fig. 65. Predefecating larva of C. bakeri (specimen certainly identified to species). Figs. 66, 67. Head of postdefecating larva of C. bakeri?, frontal and lateral views, respectively. Scale refers to figs. 64, 65.
Figs. 68, 69 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 68, 69. SEM micrographs of predefecating larva of Conanthalictus bakeri? 68. Labrum, right side, and right mandible, frontal view, showing tubercle on outer surface and bifid apex of mandible. 69. Right antenna, with sensilla identified by rectangles.
Figs. 62, 63. Rophites canus. 62 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 62, 63. Rophites canus. 62. SEM micrograph of spiracle. 63. Nesting site (in foreground) at the soccer field on the campus of Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey. This is the same soccer field where nests of Systropha planidens were excavated.
Figs. 56–61 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 56–61. SEM micrographs of postdefecating larvae of Rophites canus. 56. Head, frontal view. 57. Labiomaxillary region, frontal view. 58. Close-up of salivary lips, frontal view. 59. Left antenna, showing four sensilla. 60. Paired dorsal thoracic tubercles. 61. Close-up of meso- and metathoracic tubercles, right side, showing texture of flattened apices.
Figs. 50–55. Rophites canus. 50. Postdefecating larva, lateral view. 51 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 50–55. Rophites canus. 50. Postdefecating larva, lateral view. 51. Apex of abdomen, lateral view. 52. Head, frontal view. 53. Head, lateral view. 54. Right mandible, inner view. 55. Spiracle, side view. Scale refers to figs. 50, 51.
Fig. 47 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Fig. 47. Systropha planidens, cell, side view, front end toward left, showing dull wall with gauge marks (arrows) presumably caused by female
Figs. 38–41. Systropha planidens. 38. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 39. Head, frontal view. 40, 41 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 38–41. Systropha planidens. 38. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 39. Head, frontal view. 40, 41. Right mandible, inner and ventral views, respectively. Scale refers to fig. 38.
Figs. 42–46 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 42–46. SEM micrographs of predefecating larva of Systropha planidens. 42. Head, frontal view. 43. Left antenna. 44. Close-up of left mandible, outer view, showing outer, apical tubercle cluster and sinuate shape of apex. 45. Apex of labiomaxillary region. 46. Close-up of salivary opening identified by rectangle in fig. 45.
Figs. 36, 37 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 36, 37. SEM micrographs of left dorsal tubercle on abdominal segment 3 of postdefecating larva of Protodufourea eickworti and close-up of same, dorsal view, respectively.
Figs. 31–35. Protodufourea eickworti. 31. Live postdefecating larva, lateral view. 32, 33 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 31–35. Protodufourea eickworti. 31. Live postdefecating larva, lateral view. 32, 33. Head, frontal and lateral views, respectively. 34, 35. Right mandible dorsal and ventral views, respectively. Scale refers to fig. 31.
Figs. 21–26 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 21–26. Photographs of cells of Dufourea a. australis. 21. Rear part showing matt finish of lining. 22. Front end showing spiral closure; closure diameter 3.0 mm. 23. Inner surface of cocoon showing white silken cocoon surface with elongate dark bodies. 24. Rear sidewall of cell, front end toward left, showing parallel streaks of pale feces, deposited before cocoon spinning. 25. Front end of cell, showing glistening, brownish material covering cell closure and front wall deposited before cocoon spinning. 26. Cell wall showing feces of cleptoparasite Neopasites cressoni.
Figs. 27–30. Dufourea mulleri. 27. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 28 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 27–30. Dufourea mulleri. 27. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 28. Head, frontal view (atp 5 anterior tentorial pit). 29. Right mandible, ventral view. 30. Antenna, maximum lateral profile. Scale refers to figure 27.
Figs. 1–9. Dufourea holocyanea. 1. Entire postdefecating larva, lateral view. 2. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 3. Head, frontal view. 4. Head, lateral view. 5. Spiracle, side view. 6. Antenna, maximum lateral profile. 7–9 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 1–9. Dufourea holocyanea. 1. Entire postdefecating larva, lateral view. 2. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 3. Head, frontal view. 4. Head, lateral view. 5. Spiracle, side view. 6. Antenna, maximum lateral profile. 7–9. Right mandible, dorsal, inner, and ventral views, respectively. Scale refers to figs. 1, 2.
Figs. 10, 11. Dufourea a. australis, postdefecating larva. 10 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 10, 11. Dufourea a. australis, postdefecating larva. 10. Frontal view of labiomaxillary region showing narrow salivary opening. 11. Antenna, maximum lateral profile.
Figs. 18–20. Dufourea a. australis. 18 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 18–20. Dufourea a. australis. 18. SEM micrograph of postdefecating larva that had been cleared before being critical point dried and coated, showing mouthparts, with right mandible removed, approximate frontal view. 19. Same, close-up of salivary opening. 20. SEM micrograph of inner surface of cocoon showing one end of blackish object of unknown origin and silk strands of variable diameters; for photograph, see fig. 23; for discussion, see text.
Figs. 12–17 in Immatures of Rophitine Bees, with Notes on their Nesting Biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)
Figs. 12–17. SEM micrographs of predefecating larva of Dufourea holocyanea. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Labiomaxillary region. 14. Apex of labium. 15. Close-up of salivary opening. 16. Antenna, showing three sensilla. 17. Spiracle.
FIGURES 32–36 in Nest Site Selection and Nesting Behavior of the Bee Lithurgopsis apicalis (Megachilidae: Lithurginae)
FIGURES 32–36. Larvae of Lithurgopsis apicalis. 32. Cast head capsules of second and third instars attached to venter of fourth instar. 33. Early defecating fifth instar, showing slender body shape. 34. Intermediate-aged fifth instar demonstrating more tapered body shape. 35. Spinning fifth instar with fibrous cushion of feces and pollen intermeshed with silk. 36. Silken network that has been partly covered by thin film of clear silk (identified by arrow).
Data from: Metabarcoding of trap nests reveals differential impact of urbanization on cavity-nesting bee and wasp communities
<p><span>Urbanization is affecting arthropod communities worldwide, for example by changing the availability of food resources. However, the strength and direction of a community's response are species-specific and depend on the species' trophic level. Here, we investigated interacting species at different trophic levels in nests of cavity-nesting bees and wasps along two urbanization gradients in four German cities using trap nests. We analyzed bee and wasp diversity and their trophic interaction partners by metabarcoding the DNA of bee pollen and preyed arthropods found in wasp nests. We found that the pollen richness increased with increasing distance from city centers and at sites characterized by a high percentage of impervious and developed surfaces, while the richness of pollinators was unaffected by urbanization. In contrast, species richness of wasps, but not their arthropod prey, was highest at sites with low levels of urbanization. However, the community structure of wasp prey changed with urbanization at both local and regional scales. Throughout the study area, the community of wasps consisted of specialists, while bee species were generalists. Our results suggest that Hymenoptera and their food resources are negatively affected by increasing urbanization. However, to understand the distribution patterns of both, wasps and bees in urban settings other factors besides food availability should be considered.</span></p>
Variation in North American bumble bee nest success and colony sizes under captive rearing conditions
<p>Of the 265 known bumble bee (<em>Bombus</em>) species, knowledge of colony lifecycle is derived from relatively few species. As interest in <em>Bombus</em> commercialization and conservation grows, it is becoming increasingly important to understand colony growth dynamics across a variety of species since variation exists in nest success, colony growth, and reproductive output. In this study, we documented successful nest initiation and establishment rates of colonies produced from wild-caught gynes, and created a timeline of colony development for fifteen western North American <em>Bombus </em>species captively reared from 2009 to 2019. Additionally, we assessed variation in colony size among five western North American <em>Bombus </em>species from 2015 to 2018. Nest initiation and establishment rates varied greatly among species, ranging from 5–76.1% and 0–71.8%, respectively. <em>Bombus griseocollis </em>had the highest rates of nest success across the eleven-year period, followed by <em>B. occidentalis, B. vosnesenskii, </em>and <em>B. huntii. </em>Further, we identified that colonies reared from two gynes had significantly higher nest initiation and establishment rates per nest box compared to those reared from a single gyne. Colony size also differed significantly among species with <em>B. huntii </em>and <em>B. vosnesenskii </em>producing more worker/drone cells than <em>B. griseocollis, B. occidentalis, </em>and <em>B. vancouverensis. </em>Additionally, gyne production differed significantly among species with <em>B. huntii </em>colonies producing more gynes than <em>B. vosnesenskii. </em>Results from this study increase knowledge of systematic nesting biology for numerous western North American <em>Bombus </em>species under captive rearing conditions, which can further improve rearing techniques available to conservationists and researchers.</p>
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OpenNeuro
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