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8,854 results for “Cognition”
[Supplementary Material] Personalised Route Training for People with Cognitive Impairments through Co-Creation
<p>Supplementary material for the paper ' Paving the Way: Personalised Route Training for People with Cognitive Impairments through Co-Creation' submitted to MUC 2024.</p>
Anomalous Cognition, Dissociation, and Motor Automatism
<p>The research that created this data is described in:</p> <ul> <li>Palmer, J. (2017). Anomalous Cognition, Dissociation, and Motor Automatism. <em>Journal of Parapsychology, 81</em>(1), 46-62.</li> </ul> <p>Eight files are included:</p> <ul> <li>trials1.csv - Trial data</li> <li>subjects1_2.csv - Subject Data</li> <li>autom-codes.odt - Code book (subjects)</li> <li>Raw data (SPSS).zip - Raw data (SPSS)</li> <li>Convert SPSS to CSV.zip -Conversion script for transforming from SPSS to CSV format.</li> <li>autom_interview_ec.odt - Post-task questionnaire - eyes-closed</li> <li>autom_interview_quotes.odt - Post-task questionnaire - quotations</li> <li>PIF_rev0411.odt - Participant Information Form</li> </ul>
Cognitive Annoyance by Task Interruptions
<p>This data set corresponds to the analyses carried out in the following article: Bostan, I., Özcan, E., Gommers, D., & van Egmond, R. (2025). Annoyance by Task Interruptions in Healthcare Workflows: Underlying Cognitive Mechanisms. <em>Cognition, Technology, and Work</em>.</p> <div> </div> <p> </p>
Resistance to cognitive decline by participants in levodopa/carbidopa (LA/CA)- exposed and LA/CA-naive samples
<p>Kaplan-Meier analysis for events of cognitive decline by subjects with (A) NC and (B) MCI. More details in 'Sárkány Z, Damásio J, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Martins PM. Association between the use of levodopa/carbidopa and the disease outcomes included in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. MedRxiv; 2024, doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.04.24318183'.</p> <p> </p>
Cognition-Associated Protein Structural Changes in a Rat Model of Aging are Related to Reduced Refolding Capacity – Peptide Quantifications
<p>Cognitive decline during aging represents a major societal burden, causing both personal and economic hardship in an increasingly aging population. There are a few well-known proteins that can misfold and aggregate in an age-dependent manner, such as amyloid β and α-synuclein. However, many studies have found that the proteostasis network, which functions to keep proteins properly folded, is impaired with age, suggesting that there may be many more proteins that incur structural alterations with age. Here, we used limited-proteolysis mass spectrometry (LiP-MS), a structural proteomic method, to globally interrogate protein conformational changes in a rat model of cognitive aging. Specifically, we compared soluble hippocampal proteins from aged rats with preserved cognition to those from aged rats with impaired cognition. We identified several hundred proteins as having undergone cognition-associated structural changes (CASCs). We report that CASC proteins are substantially more likely to be nonrefoldable than non-CASC proteins, meaning they typically cannot spontaneously refold to their native conformations after being chemically denatured. The potentially cofounding variable of post-translational modifications is systematically addressed, and we find that oxidation and phosphorylation cannot significantly explain the limited proteolysis signal. These findings suggest that noncovalent, conformational alterations may be general features in cognitive decline, and more broadly, that proteins need not form amyloids for their misfolded states to be relevant to age-related deterioration in cognitive abilities.</p> <p>This deposition provides processed peptide quantifications for all LC-MS/MS proteomics experiments conducted for this study.</p>
Interaction between Cognitive style and Gender when using Virtual laboratories in the development of laboratory skills of the Health Collages in Covied 19
<p>Interaction between Cognitive style and Gender when using Virtual laboratories in the development of laboratory skills of the Health Collages in Covied 19</p>
Figure e-1.- Effect of APOE alleles on cognitive domain-specific composite measures.
<p>Supplemental Figure of our original article "Association of <em>APOE</em> Genotype with Heterogeneity of Cognitive Decline Rate in Alzheimer's Disease" published in <em>Neurology</em> showing model 1-based trajectories of cognitive domain-specific composite measures by <em>APOE</em> genotype, as well as the difference of the <em>APOE</em>e2 and <em>APOE</em>e4 groups with respect to the <em>APOE</em>e3/e3 reference group.</p>
Genetic modifiers of Huntington's disease differentially influence motor and cognitive domains
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of Huntington's disease (HD) have identified six DNA maintenance gene loci (among others) as modifiers and implicated a two step-mechanism of pathogenesis: somatic instability of the causative HTT CAG repeat with subsequent triggering of neuronal damage. The largest studies have been limited to HD individuals with a rater-estimated age at motor onset. To capitalize on the wealth of phenotypic data in several large HD natural history studies, we have performed algorithmic prediction using common motor and cognitive measures to predict age at other disease landmarks as additional phenotypes for GWAS. Combined with imputation using the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine reference panel, predictions using integrated measures provided objective landmark phenotypes with greater power to detect most modifier loci. Importantly, substantial differences in the relative modifier signal across loci, highlighted by comparing common modifiers at MSH3 and FAN1, revealed that individual modifier effects can act preferentially in the motor or cognitive domains. Individual components of the DNA maintenance modifier mechanisms may therefore act differentially on the neuronal circuits underlying the corresponding clinical measures. In addition, we identified new modifier effects at the PMS1 and PMS2 loci and implicated a potential new locus on chromosome 7. These findings indicate that broadened discovery and characterization of HD genetic modifiers based on additional quantitative or qualitative phenotypes offers not only the promise of in-human validated therapeutic targets, but also a route to dissecting the mechanisms and cell types involved in both the somatic instability and toxicity components of HD pathogenesis.</span></p>
Decoding Physical and Cognitive Impacts of Particulate Matter Concentrations at Ultra-fine Scales
<p>Data, plots, and software to accompany (unpublished) paper: Decoding Physical and Cognitive Impacts of Particulate Matter Concentrations at Ultra-fine Scales. This work uses an ultra-fine, holistic environmental and biometric sensing paradigm to generate empirical particulate matter models estimated by biometric variables.</p> <p>GitHub repository: <a href="https://github.com/mi3nts/DUEDARE">https://github.com/mi3nts/DUEDARE</a></p>
Neurochemical and cognitive changes precede structural abnormalities in the TgF344-AD rat model
<p>Raw data for manuscript accepted in Brain Communications, awaiting official publication. All datasets contain subject information and modality-specific data. Data was acquired longitudinally at four timepoints from hemizygous TgF344-AD rats (transgenic AD model bred on a Fischer 344 background) and wildtype littermates. </p> <p>1) Barnes Maze probe data. Probe data acquired 48 hours after last training trial. </p> <p>2) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy data: absolute concentrations are provided, as well as relative to total creatine. </p> <p>3) Magnetic Resonance Imaging data: absolute brain volumes generated from absolute jacobians. "Brain-size-corrected" volumes are referred to as "relative" volumes and are generated from relative jacobians. </p>
Cognitive Factors Related to Early Math Skills: Non-Verbal Intelligence, Working Memory and Rapid Naming
<p>An archived dataset of 100 participants in the study "Cognitive Factors Related to Early Math Skills: Non-Verbal Intelligence, Working Memory and Rapid Naming". </p> <p> </p>
Influence of motor and cognitive tasks on time estimation
<p>The folder<strong> "DataTapisTime" </strong>contains <strong>thirty-two .MAT files.</strong> The .mat files’ name includes the number of subject (“SXX”, from S01 to S16) and the condition (Sitting or Walking). Each matrix contains 7 columns:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Column 1:</strong> Trial number</li> <li><strong>Column 2:</strong> Cognitive task code – 1) Look; 2) Read; 3) Solve Simple; 4) Solve Hard</li> <li><strong>Column 3:</strong> Time interval code – 1) 15 sec; 2) 30 sec; 3) 60 sec; 4) 90 sec; 5) 120 sec</li> <li><strong>Column 4:</strong> Tested duration (in seconds)</li> <li><strong>Column 5:</strong> Exact duration measured online (as a control)</li> <li><strong>Column 6:</strong> If the trial was “look” or “read” task the structure is composed only by “NaN”. In the two solve tasks the structure contains information about the operations to be solved. It contains 6 columns: 1) number1; 2) number2; 3) Participant solution; 4) Reaction time; 5) Correct solution; 6) Response correction (0: Wrong; 1: correct: NaN=not given).</li> <li><strong>Column 7:</strong> Temporal estimation (in seconds)</li> </ul>
Applying Cognitive Principles to Model-Finding Output: The Positive Value of Negative Information (artifact)
<p>This is the artifact associated with the OOPSLA 2022 paper titled "Applying Cognitive Principles to Model-Finding Output: The Positive Value of Negative Information".</p> <p>It includes:</p> <ul> <li>A README file with in-depth instructions for accessing and using all artifact components.</li> <li>The raw and anonymized data for each participant in the quantitative studies.</li> <li>The raw and anonymized audio transcripts for each participant in the qualitative studies.</li> <li>Working versions of every user interface used in the experiments.</li> <li>An experimental model-finder, which is a modified version of the <a href="http://alloytools.org/">Alloy</a> model finder, which demonstrates the "2+1-" visualization mode from the paper.</li> </ul>
Dataset from 'Klever, L., Mamassian, P., & Billino, J. (2022). Age-related differences in visual confidence are driven by individual differences in cognitive control capacities. Scientific Reports, 12, 1-13. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09939-7
<p>We provide two files; one data file contains data on which analyses are based, the other one gives the column labels for the data file.</p> <p>___________________________________________<br> For further questions, please contact:<br> lena.klever[at]psychol.uni-giessen.de</p>
Data from: The origins of cognitive flexibility in chimpanzees
<p>Cognitive flexibility is a core component of executive function, a suite of cognitive capacities that enables individuals to update their behavior in dynamic environments. Human executive functions are proposed to be enhanced compared to other species, but this inference is based primarily on neuroanatomical studies. To address this, we examined the nature and origins of cognitive flexibility in chimpanzees, our closest living relatives. Across three studies, we examined different components of cognitive flexibility using reversal learning tasks where individuals first learned one contingency and then had to shift responses when contingencies flipped. In Study 1, we tested n = 82 chimpanzees ranging from juvenility to adulthood on a spatial reversal task, to characterize the development of basic shifting skills. In Study 2, we tested how n = 24 chimpanzees use spatial versus arbitrary perceptual information to shift, a proposed difference between human and nonhuman cognition. In Study 3, we tested n = 40 chimpanzees on a probabilistic reversal task. We found an extended developmental trajectory for basic shifting and shifting in response to probabilistic feedback—chimpanzees did not reach mature performance until late in ontogeny. Additionally, females were faster to shift than males were. We also found that chimpanzees were much more successful when using spatial versus perceptual cues, and highly perseverative when faced with probabilistic versus consistent outcomes. These results identify both core features of chimpanzee cognitive flexibility that are shared with humans, as well as constraints on chimpanzee cognitive flexibility that may represent evolutionary changes in human cognitive development.</p>
Stress axis programming generates long-term effects on cognitive abilities in a cooperative breeder
<p><span>The ability to flexibly adjust behaviour to social and non-social challenges is important for successfully navigating variable environments. Social competence, i.e., adaptive behavioural flexibility in the social domain, allows individuals to optimize their expression of social behaviour. Behavioural flexibility outside the social domain aids in coping with ecological challenges. However, it is unknown if social and non-social behavioural flexibility share common underlying cognitive mechanisms. Support for such shared mechanism would be provided if the same neural mechanisms in the brain affected social and non-social behavioural flexibility similarly. We used individuals of the cooperatively-breeding fish <em>Neolamprologus pulcher</em> that had undergone early-life programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis by exposure to (i) cortisol, (ii) the glucocorticoid-receptor antagonist mifepristone or (iii) control treatments, and where effects of stress-axis programming on social flexibility occurred. One year after the treatments, adults learned a colour-discrimination task, and subsequently, a reversal-learning task testing for behavioural flexibility. Early-life mifepristone treatment only marginally affected learning performance, whereas cortisol treatment significantly reduced behavioural flexibility. Thus, early-life cortisol treatment reduced both social and non-social behavioural flexibility, suggesting a shared cognitive basis of behavioural flexibility. Further our findings imply that early-life stress programming affects the ability of organisms to flexibly cope with environmental stressors.</span></p>
Age-specific activation patterns and inter-subject similarity during verbal working-memory maintenance and Cognitive Reserve
<p>Cognitive Reserve, according to a recent consensus definition of the NIH-funded Reserve and Resilience collaboratory (<a href="https://reserveandresilience.com/">https://reserveandresilience.com/</a>), is constituted by any mechanism contributing to cognitive performance beyond, or interacting with, brain structure in the widest sense. To identity multivariate activation patterns fulfilling this postulate, we investigated a verbal Sternberg fMRI task and imaged 181 people with age coverage in the ranges 20-30 (44 participants) and 55-70 (137 participants). Beyond task performance, participants were characterized in terms of demographics, and neuropsychological assessments of vocabulary, episodic memory, perceptual speed, and abstract fluid reasoning. Participants studied an array of either 1, 3, or 6 upper-case letters for 3 seconds (=encoding phase), then a blank fixation screen was presented for 7 seconds (=maintenance phase), to be probed with a lower-case letter to which they responded with a differential button press whether the letter was part of the studied array or not (=retrieval phase). We focused on identifying maintenance-related activation patterns showing memory-load increases in pattern score on an individual-participant level for both age groups. We found such a pattern that increased with memory load for all but one person in the young participants (p<0.001), and such a pattern for all participants in the older group (p<0.001). Both patterns showed broad topographic similarities; however, relationships to task performance and neuropsychological characteristics were markedly different and point to individual differences in Cognitive Reserve. Beyond the derivation of group-level activation patterns, we also investigated the inter-subject spatial similarity of individual working-memory rehearsal patterns in the older participants' group as a function of neuropsychological and task performance, education and mean cortical thickness. Higher task accuracy and neuropsychological function was reliably associated with higher inter-subject similarity of individual-level activation patterns in older participants.</p>
Cognitive flexibility supports the development of cumulative cultural learning in children
<p><span>The scale of cumulative cultural evolution (CCE), the improvement of cultural traits over generations via social transmission, is widely believed to be one of humans' most defining characteristics. Our capacity to build upon others' knowledge, skills, and technologies has produced the most diverse and complex technological repertoire on the planet. Despite growing interest in the field of CCE, the cognitive underpinnings supporting its development remain relatively understudied. In this study, we examined the role that cognitive flexibility plays in supporting cumulative cultural learning by studying U.S. children's (</span><span>N</span><span> = 167, 3-5-year-olds) propensity to relinquish an inefficient solution to a problem in favor of a more efficient alternative. We also examined whether children would resist revertin</span><span>g</span><span> back to earlier versions and omit redundant actions from previous behaviors. In contrast to previous work with chimpanzees, most children who first learned to solve a puzzlebox in a highly inefficient way switched to an observed, more efficient alternative. However, over multiple task interactions, 85% of children who did switch also reverted back to the original, inefficient method. Moreover, almost all children in a control condition (who first learned the efficient method before observing the inefficient method) switched to the inefficient method. This suggests that </span><span>children were keen to explore an alternative modeled solution but were overall conservative in reverting to their first-learned method across subsequent task interactions. We discuss these findings in the context of their implications for the cognitive ontogeny of CCE.</span></p>
Exploring the interplay between natural and intersexual selection on the evolution of a cognitive trait
<p><span>There has been an increased focus on the role of natural and sexual selection in shaping cognitive abilities, but the importance of the interaction between both forces remain largely unknown. Intersexual selection through female mate choice might be an important driver of the evolution of cognitive traits, especially in monogamous species, where females may obtain direct fitness benefits by choosing mates with better cognitive abilities. However, the importance given by females to male cognitive traits might vary among species and/or populations according to their life-history traits and ecology. To disentangle the effects of natural and sexual selection, here we use an agent-based simulation model and compare the model's predictions when females mate with the first randomly encountered male (i.e. under natural selection) versus when they choose among males based on their cognitive trait values (i.e. under natural and intersexual selection). Males and females are characterized, respectively, by their problem-solving ability and assessment strategy. At each generation, agents go through (1) a choosing phase during which females assess the cognitive abilities of potential mates until eventually finding an acceptable one, and (2) a reproductive phase during which all males compete for limited resources that are exploited at a rate which depends on their cognitive abilities. Because males provide paternal care, the foraging success of mated males determines the breeding success of the pair through its effect on nestling provisioning efficiency. The model predicts that intersexual selection plays a major role in most ecological conditions, by either reinforcing or acting against the effect of natural selection. The latter case occurs under harsh environmental conditions, where intersexual selection contributes to maintaining cognitive diversity. Our findings thus demonstrate the importance of considering the interaction between both selective forces and highlight the need to build a conceptual framework to target relevant cognitive traits.</span></p>
Slow practice and tempo management strategies in instrumental music learning: Investigating prevalence and cognitive functions
<p>This dataset corresponds to the publication of the same title and the following DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F03057356211073481">https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356211073481</a></p> <p>The dataset contains 3 excel files. The file named QuantiativeSurveyDataClean_withKey contains all collected, unprocessed, cleaned data variables from the quantitative questionnaire. This includes all variables used for the principle components analysis. The file named ANOVA_data contains the variables used for the ANOVA analyses, and the file named regression_data contains the variables used for the regressions analyses. In all three files, descriptions of the variables can be found in the sheet titled "key", and the data can be found in the sheet titled "data".</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.