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601 results for “Global changes”
Data from: Soil nutrient heterogeneity alters productivity and diversity of experimental plant communities under multiple global change factors
<p>Plant communities in nature are often challenged by multiple global change factors (GCFs) and also ubiquitously encountered with soil nutrient heterogeneity. So far, however, we know little about the interactive effect of multiple GCFs and soil nutrient heterogeneity on plant communities.</p> <p>We conducted an outdoor mesocosm experiment in which a plant community was either grown in heterogeneous soils consisting of high- and low-nutrient patches, or in homogeneous soils where the same amount of nutrients was evenly distributed. These plant communities were exposed to none (control), single, or a combination of two or four GCFs (i.e., drought, nitrogen deposition, microplastic and cadmium).</p> <p>Biomass of the plant community exposed to drought and nitrogen deposition were greater in heterogeneous than in homogeneous soils, but evenness of the plant community exposed to microplastics was lower. Increasing the number of GCFs increased community biomass more in heterogeneous than in homogeneous soils, but it generally reduced community evenness, independent of soil nutrient heterogeneity. These contrasting responses were related to changing competitive hierarchies and root foraging responses under different treatments.</p> <p>Our results suggest that soil nutrient heterogeneity can alter community productivity and diversity via changing competitive interactions of the component species, depending on both the identity and the number of GCFs acting on the community. These results have important implications for the maintenance of ecosystem functions and services under rapid and complex ongoing global changes.</p>
Publications reviewed in the article: Mountain protective forests under threat? An in-depth review of global change impacts on their protective effect against natural hazards
<p>Detailed list of publications included in the review " Mountain protective forests under threat? An in-depth review of global change impacts on their protective effect against natural hazards" (Moos et al. 2023), including the type of global change impacts and protective service they address, the reported change in protective effect, whether the reported change is quantitative and linked to risk, the methods used to assess the change in the protective effect, country where the study area is located, and the scale of the study.</p>
Supplementary material for "Filter-feeding gelatinous macrozooplankton response to climate change and implications for benthic food supply and global carbon cycle"
<p>Simulation Outputs Description<br> ---------------------------</p> <p>This text file outlines the contents of the simulation outputs utilized in the analysis presented in Clerc et al. (2023). Pre-treated outputs are not provided for storage reasons, but the complete output can be made available upon request. Spatial files are regridded to a 1-degree resolution regular grid using the treatment: cdo remapdis,r360x180 in.nc out.nc.</p> <p>Folder Names:<br> --------------</p> <p>Here is a brief overview of the content within each folder.</p> <p>- TS_PICONTROL: Globally averaged time series for the PI-control runs spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- TS_RCP85: Globally averaged time series for the RCP8.5 runs spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- TS_RCP26: Globally averaged time series for the RCP2.6 runs spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- EXPORT_LAYERS_PICONTROL: Time-averaged Pi-control flux outputs at specified depth horizons over the indicated period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: gC/m2/yr.)</p> <p>- EXPORT_LAYERS_RCP85: Time-averaged RCP8.5 flux outputs at specified depth horizons over the indicated period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: gC/m2/yr.)</p> <p>- EXPORT_LAYERS_RCP26: Time-averaged RCP2.6 flux outputs at specified depth horizons over the indicated period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: gC/m2/yr.)</p> <p>- SURFACE_LAYERS_RCP85: Vertically integrated (0-300m) time-averaged RCP8.5 outputs over the specified period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: mmolC/m3.)</p> <p>- SURFACE_LAYERS_RCP26: Vertically integrated (0-300m) time-averaged RCP2.6 outputs over the specified period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: mmolC/m3.)</p> <p>- SURFACE_LAYERS_PICONTROL: Vertically integrated (0-300m) time-averaged PiControl outputs over the specified period. (Regular 360x180 grid; Units: mmolC/m3.)</p> <p>- CHLOROPHYLL: Surface chlorophyll on a 360x180 degree grid, time-averaged over the indicated period. (Units: mg Chl/m3.)</p> <p>- TS_BIOME: Biome-specific averaged time series spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC, or PgC/yr for "fluxes" filenames.)</p> <p>- TS_CFLX: Globally averaged carbon uptake time series spanning 1850-2100. (Units: PgC/yr.)</p> <p>- BIOMES: Biome masks on a regular 360x180 grid.</p> <p>Filename Conventions:<br> -----------------------</p> <p>Please refer to the following conventions for filenames.</p> <p>MODEL:<br> - PISCES-FFGM: SLP<br> - PISCES-v2: STD<br> - PISCES-GM: MAC</p> <p>FORCING:<br> - Pi-control: PI<br> - Climate-change scenario: AD</p> <p>PERIOD:<br> - 1881-1900: PRI<br> - 1995-2014: HIS<br> - 2081-2100: FUT</p> <p>DEPTH:<br> - 0-300 m: dmin0_dmax300<br> - 100 m: ilevel9<br> - 1000 m: ilevel21<br> - Seafloor: seafloor</p> <p>BIOMES:<br> - High Chlorophyll: HC<br> - Intermediate Chlorophyll: IC<br> - Low Chlorophyll: LC<br> - Southern Ocean: SO<br> - Arctic Ocean: LCA</p> <p>NetCDF Variables:<br> ------------------</p> <p>- SALP: Filter-feeding gelatinous Macrozooplankton (FFGM)<br> - ZOO3: Generic Macrozooplankton (GM)<br> - ZOO2: Mesozooplankton<br> - ZOO: Microzooplankton<br> - PHY: Nanophytoplankton<br> - PHY2: Diatoms<br> - POC: Small particles (quantity or flux)<br> - GOC: Large particles (quantity or flux)<br> - SPCC: FFGM carcasses carbon (content or flux)<br> - SPFC: FFGM fecal pellets carbon (content or flux)<br> - MPCC: GM carcasses carbon (content or flux)<br> - MPFC: GM fecal pellets carbon (content or flux)<br> - CHL: Chlorophyll<br> - Cflx: Carbon uptake<br> - NO3: Nitrate<br> - PO4: Phosphate<br> - O2: Oxygen</p> <p>For any inquiries or data access requests, please contact corentin.clerc -at- usys.ethz.ch.</p>
Multiple global change factors cause declines of a temperate bryophyte
<p>Climate changes, nutrient enrichment, or land use have been predicted to affect bryophytes, yet factorial experiments on their effects are missing. We hypothesised that future climatic conditions, intense grazing, light limitation, nutrient enrichment have negative effects on the survival and photosynthetic condition of a common temperate bryophyte, and their joint effects become strong even if individual factors have only weak effects. We tested the effects of future climatic conditions, grazing, light limitation, and nutrient on a common temperate bryophyte (<em>Brachythecium rutabulum</em>) as well as the multiple stress hypothesis. We measured biomass and chlorophyll fluorescence of transplanted moss colonies after two growing seasons' full-factorial treatments of fertilization, exclusion of sheep grazing, and light addition by LED lamps, replicated in ambient and future climate conditions arranged in a global change experimental facility. Future climate and fertilization had negligible effects on colony biomass and chlorophyll fluorescence of bryophyte colonies, whereas light addition and grazing exclusion had positive effects. Colony biomass and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased with the increasing number of global change factors. Supporting the multi-stress hypothesis, the effects of individually weak global change factors on bryophytes can become strong under multiple global change factors operating in concert.</p>
Local reflects global: Life-stage dependent changes in the phenology of coastal habitat use by North Sea herring
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Plant secondary metabolic responses to global climate change: A meta-analysis in medicinal and aromatic plants
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Data from: Biodiversity of soil biota and plants stabilizes ecosystem multifunctionality with increasing number of global change factors
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Data from: Climate change is predicted to impact the global distribution and richness of pines (genus Pinus) by 2070
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Data from: Multiple global change factors alter the scaling of nitrogen to phosphorus in alpine plants
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Global land use change and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions
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Experimental evidence for the desynchronization of ecosystem dynamics by global change
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Multiple global changes drive grassland productivity and stability: A meta-analysis
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Temporal changes in taxon abundances are positively correlated but poorly predicted at the global scale
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Data from: Precipitation and temperature timings underlying bioclimatic variables rearrange under climate change globally
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Global change alters the abundance and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and influences plant mycorrhizal benefit
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Data from: The effects of climate change on mesocarnivores: A global review and meta-analysis
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Interactive effects of global change factors on terrestrial net primary productivity are treatment length- and intensity-dependent
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Data from: Mammal communities of primeval forests as sentinels of global change
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Data from: Winter coat color polymorphisms identify global hotspots for evolutionary rescue from climate change
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Grazing and global change factors differentially affect biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in grassland ecosystems
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.