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FIGURES 13−16 in Diabrotica collicola (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a new species of leaf beetle from Argentina and key to species of the Diabrotica virgifera group and relatives

FIGURES 13−16. Diabrotica collicola Cabrera & Cabrera Walsh (13) Elytron, detail of binding patch and submarginal ribbon. (14) (E) Detail of anterior area of binding patch, surface covered with stump-shaped spicules and sharktoothshaped spicules. (15) Detail of posterior area of binding patch covered with sharktooth-shaped spicules (16) Detail of submarginal ribbon along the surface near anterior margin, covered with thin microspicules. Abbreviations: bp, binding patch; shs, sharktooth spicules; sr, submarginal ribbon; sts, stump spicules.

FIGURES 17−19 in Diabrotica collicola (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a new species of leaf beetle from Argentina and key to species of the Diabrotica virgifera group and relatives

FIGURES 17−19. Diabrotica collicola Cabrera & Cabrera Walsh (17) Median lobe, lateral view. (18) Median lobe, detail of apex and internal sac, dorsal view. (19) Female genitalia. Scale bars= 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: bf, basal foramen; os, ostium; pu, pump; re, receptacle; sc1, sclerite 1; sc2, sclerite 2; sc3, sclerite 3; sc4, sclerite 4; ssd, sclerotized spermathecal duct; tg, tignum; tl, triangular lobe; va-bu, vagina-bursa copulatrix; vg, vaginal palpi.

FIGURES 9−12 in Diabrotica collicola (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a new species of leaf beetle from Argentina and key to species of the Diabrotica virgifera group and relatives

FIGURES 9−12. Diabrotica collicola Cabrera & Cabrera Walsh (9) Maxilla, detail of digitiform sensillum. (10) Metendosternite, dorsal view. (11) Median lobe, lateral view. (12) Median lobe, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bf, basal foramen; ds, digitiform sensillum; la, lateral arms; op, orificial plate; os, ostium; st, stalk.

FIGURES 2−8 in Diabrotica collicola (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a new species of leaf beetle from Argentina and key to species of the Diabrotica virgifera group and relatives

FIGURES 2−8. Diabrotica collicola Cabrera & Cabrera Walsh (2) Labrum, dorsal view. (3) Labrum, ventral view. (4) Mandible, external face. (5) Maxilla, ventral view. (6) Hind wing. (7) Metendosternite, ventral view. (8) Metanotum. Scale bars= 2−5, 7: 0.1mm; 6, 8: 1 mm. Abbreviations: a, metanotal ridge a; AA, anal anterior vein; b2, metanotal ridge b2; bs, basistipes; c, metanotal ridge c; CuA, cubitoanal vein; CuA 3+4, cubito anal vein 3+4; d, metanotal ridge d; ds, ditistipes; ga, galea; lc, lacinia; mg, median groove; mo, mola; MP 1−2, medial posterior vein 1−2; RA, radial vein; RP, radial posterior vein; re, receptacle; RP-MP2, radial posterior-medial posterior vein 2; SC, subcostal vein; sm, setose membrane; th3, tooth 3; th4, tooth 4; th5, tooth 5.

FIGURES 122–130 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 122–130. First endophallic sclerite: (122): C. globicollis (Alpes Maritimes, France); (123): C. paphlagonius (Mts. Kackar, Turkey). Abdomen in ventral view: (124): C. concolor (Astrabad, Iran); (125): C. duplicatus (Karachaevo-Cherkessia, Russia); (126): C. convergens (Pordoi Pass, Italy); (127): C. aureolus (Lillaz, France); (128): C. transcaucasicus (Vitosha, Bulgaria); (129): C. castilianus (Cuenca, Spain); (130): C. globicollis (Pierrefeu, France). Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 109–121 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 109–121. Median lobe of aedeagus, apex in ventral and (b) lateral view: (109): C. castilianus (Riopar, Spain); (110): C. globicollis (Marseille, France); (111): C. paphlagonius (Sarigel, Turkey); (112): C. sericeus (Karlstadt am Main, Germany); (113): C. cantabricus (El Escorial, Spain); (114): C. praticola (Čerkessia, Russia); (115): C. falzonii (Melia, Italy); (116): C. samniticus (Prato la Corte, Italy); (117): C. transiens (Mt. Barro, Italy); (118): C. hypochaeridis (Chlaba, Slovakia); (119): C. solivagus (Tschemal, Russia); (120): C. therondi (St. Pons, France); (121): C. cristula (St. Hilario, Spain). Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 96–108 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 96–108. Median lobe of aedeagus, apex in ventral view: (96): C. regalis (Primorskije, Russia); (97): C. laetus (South Urals, Russia); (98): C. baeticus (Nieves, Spain); (99): C. rugicollis (Sassinoro, Italy); (100): C. barii (Mt. Presolana, Italy); (101): C. emiliae (Azrou, Morocco); (102): C. quadriguttatus (Maikop, Russia); (103): C. atrifrons (Madone d'Utelle, France); (104): C. virens (Sarikamis, Turkey); (105): C. concolor (Mazendaran, Iran); (106): C. leonhardi (Cicarana, Italy); (107): C. convergens (Grisons, Switzerland); (108): C. aureolus (Lanslebourg, France). (a): lateral and (b) dorsal view of first endophallic sclerite. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURE 94 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURE 94. One of the 30 trees derived from parsimony analysis of the morphological equal-weights dataset on which characters (above) and states (below) distributions are mapped under unambiguous transformation. Black squares indicate unique (non-homoplasious) transformed characters whereas green circles represents homoplasious characters.

FIGURES 68–77 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 68–77. Female abdominal tergite VIII: (68): C. barii (Mt. Grigna, Italy); (69): C. zambanellus (Trieste, Italy). Female rectal apparatus in dorsal view: (70): C. atrifrons (Madone d'Utelle, France); (71): C. azurescens (Oukaimeden, Morocco); (72): C. emiliae (Atlas central, Morocco); (73): C. duplicatus (Amman, Jordan); (74): C. aureolus (Lillaz, France); (75): C. virens (Sarikamis, Turkey); (76): C. v. scaffaiolus (Scaffaiolo Lake, Italy); (77): C. globicollis (Pierrefeu, France). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURE 95 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURE 95. Bayesian analysis of a morphological and molecular (central portion of the small subunit ribosomial RNA genes) combined dataset implemented for the taxa of which both types of data were available. For the molecular partition the analysis was conducted by using the general time reversible model (Lanave et al., 1984; Tavaré, 1986; Rodríguez et al., 1990) assuming rates to vary across sites according to a gamma distribution (Yang, 1994) with a proportion of invariable sites (Gu et al., 1995). For the morphological partition the analysis was conducted by using the Mk model for morphological data (Lewis, 2001). Values near branches are the bayesian posterior probabilities.

FIGURES 51–58 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 51–58. Third endophallic sclerite in dorsal view: (51): C. castilianus (Cuenca, Spain); (52): C. hypochaeridis (Vall d'Aran, Spain); (53): C. falzonii (Piani di Aspromonte, Italy); (54): C. virens (Mt. Slavnik, Slovenia); (55): C. v. scaffaiolus (Ordesa, Spain); (56): C. barii (Mt. Grigna, Italy); (57): C. rugicollis (San Giusto, Sardinia); (58): C. azurescens (Oukaimeden, Morocco). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 40–50 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 40–50. Second endophallic sclerite in ventral and (b) dorsal view: (40): C. castilianus (Cuenca, Spain); (41): C. v. violaceus (Maiz, Hungary); (42): C. v. violaceus (Iti, Greece); (43): C. leonhardi (Fonte Cerreto, Italy); (44): C. asturiensis (Pic d'Anie, France); (45): C. therondi (St. Pons, France); (46): C. therondi (St. Martin Vesubie, France); (47): C. rugicollis (San Giusto, Sardinia); (48): C. barii (Mt. Grigna, Italy); (49): C. atrifrons (Madone d'Utelle, France); (50): C. azurescens (Oukaimeden, Morocco). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 18–23 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 18–23. Median lobe of aedeagus, apex in ventral and (b) dorsal view: (18): C. transcaucasicus (Ceresole Reale, Italy); (19): C. zambanellus (Garessio, Italy); (20): C. duplicatus (Megiri, Armenia); (21): C. duplicatus (Karachaevo- Cherkessia, Russia); (22): C. barii (Mt. Presolana, Italy); (23): C. asturiensis (Pic d'Anie, France). m.l.: median lamina; f.: frenula. Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 59–67 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 59–67. Fourth endophallic sclerite in dorsal view: (59): C. castilianus (Cuenca, Spain); (60): C. v. scaffaiolus (Ordesa, Spain); (61): C. virens (Rostov, Russia); (62): C. barii (Mt. Grigna, Italy); (63): C. rugicollis (Amman, Giordania); (64): C. azurescens (Oukaimeden, Morocco); (65): C. atrifrons (Madone d'Utelle, France). Tegmen: (66): C. falzonii (Orsomarso, Italy); (67): C. emiliae (Azron, Morocco). t. s.: third endophallic sclerite in anatomical connection. Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 24–33 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 24–33. First endophallic sclerite in ventral view: (24): C. duplicatus (Trabzon, Turkey); (25): C. convergens (Pordoi Pass, Italy); (26): C. v. scaffaiolus (Rubiò, Spain); (27): C. v. violaceus (Iti, Greece); (28): C. virens (Zaisan Lake, Kazachstan); (29): C. leonhardi (Fonte Cerreto, Italy); (30): C. emiliae (Azrou, Morocco); (31): C. azurescens (Oukaimeden, Morocco); (32): C. barii (Mt. Grigna, Italy); (33): C. barii (Mt. Presolana, Italy). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 14–17 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 14–17. Median lobe of aedeagus, apex in ventral view: (14): C. therondi (Fontan, France); (15): C. duplicatus (Karachaevo-Cherkessia, Russia); (16): C. transcaucasicus (Vitoscha, Bulgaria) (17): C. laetus (Chelyabinsk, Russia). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not reproduced to the same scale.

FIGURES 1–4 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 1–4. (1) Aedeagus in (a) ventral, (b) dorsal, (c) lateral view: Cryptocephalus azurescens lectotype (Glaui [Telouet], Morocco). (2) Aedeagus in lateral view: (a): C. violaceus scaffaiolus (Rubiò, Spain); (b): C. v. violaceus (Val Gardena, Italy). (3) Aedeagus in ventral view, C. violaceus scaffaiolus: (a): (Rubiò, Spain); (b): (Madone d'Utelle, France). (4) Aedeagus in ventral view, C. v. violaceus: (a): (Cetinje, Montenegro); (b): (Kovacov, Slovakia). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 34–39 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 34–39. First endophallic sclerite in ventral view: (34): C. asturiensis (Pic d'Anie, France); (35): C. concolor (Astrabad, Iran); (36): C. samniticus (Genova, Italy); (37): C. cantabricus (El Escorial, Spain); (38): C. rugicollis (San Giusto, Sardinia); (39): C. laetus (South Urals, Russia). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURES 5–7 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURES 5–7. (5) Last six antennomeres: (a): C. emiliae (Azrou, Morocco); (b): C. azurescens (Oukaimeden, Morocco); (c): C. rugicollis (Cadiz, Spain); (d): C. atrifrons (Madone d'Utelle, France); (e): C. barii (Mt. Presolana, Italy); (f): C. laetus (Chelyabinsk, Russia); (g): C. regalis (Gansu, China); (h): C. leonhardi (Mt. Majella, Italy). (6) External total habitus in lateral view, schematic representation (see text for details). (7) Prosternal process: (a): C. paphlagonius (Pazaryeri, Turkey); (b): C. zambanellus (Mt. Cornizzolo, Italy). Numbers indicate characters and states. Not drawn to the same scale.

FIGURE 93 in Taxonomic remarks, phylogeny and evolutionary notes on the leaf beetle species belonging to the Cryptocephalus sericeus complex (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae)

FIGURE 93. Phylogenetic relationships of C. sericeus species complex based on morphological characters only. The diagram in (a) is a majority rule (50%) consensus summarizing results from a parsimony analysis (MP) with all characters equally weighted (30 MPTs, length=125; CI = 0,51; RI = 0,84; RC = 0,43). A nearly identical topology was recovered from a Bayesian inference (BI) analysis of the same dataset using the Mk model for morphological data (Lewis, 2001). Values above branches are MP bootstrap support percentages (1000 pseudoreplicates) (left) and bayesian posterior probabilities (right), values below branches are the percentage of occurrence in the set of MTPs (left) and Decay Index (right). Only relevant values have been reported. The diagram in (b) shows the different position of C. laetus and C. regalis in a similar analysis using the iterative a posteriori characters weighting (6 MTPs, length=52.56; CI = 0,65; RI = 0,90; RC = 0,58).