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231 results for “Oncorhynchus”

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zenodo28/100

Figure 2 in giant, spike-toothed salmon, Oncorhynchus rastrosus and the "Proto-Tuolumne River" (early Pliocene) of Central California

Figure 2. Physical differences in marine vs freshwater (spawning) stages of extant Sockeye salmon, the closest living relative of O. rastrosus (photos from www.arkive.com).

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2016View details →

zenodo28/100

Figure 6 in giant, spike-toothed salmon, Oncorhynchus rastrosus and the "Proto-Tuolumne River" (early Pliocene) of Central California

Figure 6. Stratigraphy of the upper Mehrten Formation (Modesto Reservoir member) at Turlock Lake. Modified from Wagner, 1981. Important and published fossil localities are indicated by arrows. Badger locality (Wagner 1976); Tortoise locality (Biewer et al. 2016); Plant localities (Axelrod 1980). The two highlighted, deep channels are what we refer to as the "proto-Tuolumne River" deposits.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2016View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: Candidate genes mediating magnetoreception in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Diverse animals use Earth's magnetic field in orientation and navigation, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie magnetoreception. Recent studies have focused on two possibilities: (i) magnetite-based receptors; and (ii) biochemical reactions involving radical pairs. We used RNA sequencing to examine gene expression in the brain of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to a magnetic pulse known to disrupt magnetic orientation behaviour. We identified 181 differentially expressed genes, including increased expression of six copies of the frim gene, which encodes a subunit of the universal iron-binding and trafficking protein ferritin. Functions linked to the oxidative effects of free iron (e.g. oxidoreductase activity, transition metal ion binding, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation) were also affected. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that a magnetic pulse alters or damages magnetite-based receptors and/or other iron-containing structures, which are subsequently repaired or replaced through processes involving ferritin. Additionally, some genes that function in the development and repair of photoreceptive structures (e.g. crggm3, purp, prl, gcip, crabp1 and pax6) were also differentially expressed, raising the possibility that a magnetic pulse might affect structures and processes unrelated to magnetite-based magnetoreceptors.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: Evaluating adaptive divergence between migratory and non-migratory ecotypes of a salmonid fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Next generation sequencing and the application of population genomic and association approaches have made it possible to detect selection and unravel the genetic basis to variable phenotypic traits. Using the two approaches in parallel is an especially attractive approach in non-models organisms that lack a sequenced and annotated genome, but only works well when population structure is not confounded with the phenotype of interest. Herein, we use population genomics in a non-model fish species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), to better understand adaptive divergence between migratory and non-migratory ecotype, and to further our understanding about the genetic basis of migration. RAD tag sequencing was used to identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in migrant and resident O. mykiss from two systems, one in Alaska and the other in Oregon, USA. A total of 7,920 and 6,755 SNPs met filtering criteria in the Alaska and Oregon, data sets respectively. Population genetic tests determined that 1,423 SNPs were candidates for selection when loci were compared between resident and migrant samples. Prior linkage mapping studies using RAD tag SNPs were available to determine the position of 1,990 markers. Several significant SNPs are located in genome regions that contain QTL for migratory related traits, reinforcing the importance of these regions in the genetic basis of migration/residency. Annotation of genome regions linked to significant SNPs revealed genes involved in processes known to be important in migration (such as osmoregulatory function). This study adds to our growing knowledge on adaptive divergence between migratory and nonmigratory ecotypes of this species; across studies, this complex trait appears to be controlled by many loci of small effect, with some in common, but many loci not shared between populations studied.

opencc-zeroDec 2013View details →

dryad28/100