Find research datasets worth reusing

openOpenDec 2015View details →

Pool size and 15N atom % of nydrolyzable N in natural and enriched soils in Imnavait watershed

Hydrolyzable N pool size and 15N atom % of natural and enriched soils collected from Imnavait watershed in summer of 2005.

openOpenJul 2009View details →

Changes in vegetation in northern Alaska under scenarios of climate change, 2003-2100: IV - Relationship between selected carbon pools and fluxes

These data contain NPP, NEP, RH, soil C, soil N, and ecosystem carbon changes from northern AK based on a modeling study for the years 2003-2100. See Euskirchen et al., 2009 for more information. This file contains data for Figure 6.

openOpenApr 2010View details →

The effects of nitrogen and warming on inorganic nitrogen pool and production rates in arctic and boreal ecosystems: inorganic nitrogen transformation during a 3-month laboratory incubation

We incubated (2006) northern Alaskan soils (boreal and tundra) at two temperatures (5 degC and 15 degC) and two levels of nitrogen addition (with and without) to directly test for nitrogen limitation of inorganic nitrogen production rate and explore the interaction between temperature and nitrogen limitation. Over the 3-month laboratory incubation, we measured initial extratable inorganic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen production rates from organic and mineral soils from four different ecosystem types (boreal burned, boreal unburned, moist acidic, moist non-acidic). To charactarize the soils, we also measured total C, total N, microbial biomass, isotopes values (delta 13, delta14), total free amino acid, and total soluble protein.

openOpenMay 2011View details →

Soil N pools and process rates for catenas at Caribou-Poker Research Watersheds and the Kuparuk River

Data describe soil NH4+ and NO3- pools, potential rates of denitrification and nitrification, and net N mineralization and nitrification. Soil pH, moisture, and organic matter are also included. Soils were sampled along a hillslope catena at hillslope, toeslope, and valley bottom locations and resolved to 5 cm depth increments. One hillslope at Carbiou-Poker Creeks Research Watersheds and one hillslope within the upper Kuparuk River basin were sampled. Samples were collected August 2009.

openOpenMar 2017View details →

Soil characteristics and nutrient pools and fluxes for Murphy Dome study site

This file contains soil pH, nutrient concentrations (including carbon and nitrogen and exchangeable base cations for soil organic layers and 0-10cm mineral soils) and flux rates (potential carbon and net nitrogen mineralization, nitrification) for black spruce and Alaska paper birch forest in the Murphy Dome fire scar near Fairbanks, AK. All information was collected in summer 2012 and subsequently processed and analyzed in the laboratory.

openOpenMar 2021View details →

Estimates of Forest Structure, Successional Trajectory, and Carbon and Nitrogen Pools Across the 2004 Wildfire Network Sites

This dataset contains stand structure and ecosystem carbon and nitrogen pool data measured in 2005 and 2006. It includes in situ measurements of post-fire residual above and belowground carbon and nitrogen pools, reconstructions of pre-fire pools and estimates of losses. Successional trajectory was calculated from measurements of tree seedling density and biomass made in 2017.

openCustomJan 2020View details →

Forest floor Carbon & Nitrogen pools at the Coweeta LTER Terrestrial Gradient Sites, Coweeta Hydrological Laboratory, Otto, NC.

This project is part of a larger examination of site productivity along an elevational gradient. Forest floor weights, %C, and %N were measured at each of the five terrestrial gradient plots located along an elevational gradient at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab, Otto, NC.

openCustomJan 2020View details →

Interactive effects of hemlock mortality and nitrogen availability on nutrient pools and fluxes in the southern Appalachian mountains from 2009 to 2011

The impacts of exotic insects and pathogens on forest ecosystems are increasingly recognized, yet the factors influencing the magnitude of effects remain poorly understood. Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) exerts strong control on nitrogen (N) dynamics, and its loss due to infestation by the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) is expected to affect nutrient dynamics in impacted stands. We evaluated the potential for variation in N availability to influence the magnitude of effects of hemlock decline on N and P dynamics in mixed hardwood stands. We measured N and P pools and fluxes at three elevations (low, mid, high) subjected to increasing atmospheric N deposition where hemlock was declining or absent (as reference) in western North Carolina. Specifically, this study was conducted at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, a USDA Forest Service experimental forest in the southern Appalachian mountains of western North Carolina, USA from October 2009 to February 2011.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2020View details →

Isotopic and GDGTs analysis of methane-related biological processes (methane production and oxidation) in a Miocene sedimentary pool

Methane is one of the most important greenhouse gases. A substantial proportion of this gas originates from marine environments where both its biological formation and oxidation occur. Variations in seawater properties due to climatic perturbations are likely to be reflected in the living conditions of both methanotrophic and methanogenic microbiota. The debate about the fate of the marine methane cycle facing global change may benefit from the inclusion of data concerning marine palaeoenvironments, especially salt-bearing sediments, which are a relic of the evaporitic sea. The study presents a GDGT-derived palaeorecord of methane-related biological processes in Miocene Wieliczka Formation sediments (a remnant of the Paratethys sea) as well as a description of present-day microbial communities subsisting in evaporates using  activity measurements and high throughput sequencing. The results revealed that GDGT-based indices corresponded with the reconstructed sedimentary conditions and microbial ecophysiology which confirms their applicability of reconstruction for biological methane formation and oxidation in saline environments.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Evolution of the oligotrophic West Pacific Warm Pool during the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary

We present a new data set from the western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean exploring the timing of the closing of the Indonesian seaway and its consequent effect on sea surface circulation, productivity and Walker Circulation.

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

Data from: Landscape genetics reveals unique and shared effects of urbanization for two sympatric pool-breeding amphibians

Metapopulation-structured species can be negatively affected when landscape fragmentation impairs connectivity. We investigated the effects of urbanization on genetic diversity and gene flow for two sympatric amphibian species, spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus), across a large (>35,000 km2) landscape in Maine, USA, containing numerous natural and anthropogenic gradients. Isolation by distance (IBD) patterns differed between the species. Spotted salamanders showed a linear and relatively high variance relationship between genetic and geographic distance (r = 0.057; p < 0.001); whereas, wood frogs exhibited a strongly non-linear and lower variance relationship (r = 0.429; p < 0.001). Scale dependence analysis of IBD found gene flow has its most predictable influence (strongest IBD correlations) at distances up to 9 km for spotted salamanders and up to 6 km for wood frogs. Estimated effective migration surfaces revealed contrasting patterns of high and low genetic diversity and gene flow between the two species. Population isolation, quantified as the mean IBD residuals for each population, was associated with local urbanization and less genetic diversity in both species. The influence of geographic proximity and urbanization on population connectivity was further supported by distance-based redundancy analysis and multiple matrix regression with randomization. Resistance surface modelling found interpopulation connectivity to be influenced by developed land cover, light roads, interstates, and topography for both species, plus secondary roads and rivers for wood frogs. Our results highlight the influence of anthropogenic landscape features within the context of natural features and broad spatial genetic patterns, in turn supporting the premise that while urbanization significantly restricts interpopulation connectivity for wood frogs and spotted salamanders, specific landscape elements have unique effects on these two sympatric species.

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Analysis of the water-power nexus in the North, Eastern and Central African Power Pools

This dataset underpins the report provided to the project "Analysis of the water-power nexus in the North, Eastern and Central African Power Pools" The report provides insights into the balance between energy supply and demand, power generation, total system costs, water consumption and withdrawal as well as carbon dioxide emissions for the North, Eastern and Central African power pools.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

Quality Evaluation Models or Frameworks for Open Source Software: A Systematic Literature Review (Article Pool)

This pdf includes all of the articles that analyzed in the study: "Quality Evaluation Models or Frameworks for Open Source Software: A Systematic Literature Review".

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Accounting for disturbance history in models: using remote sensing to constrain carbon and nitrogen pool spin‐up

Disturbances such as wildfire, insect outbreaks, and forest clearing, play an important role in regulating carbon, nitrogen, and hydrologic fluxes in terrestrial watersheds. Evaluating how watersheds respond to disturbance requires understanding mechanisms that interact over multiple spatial and temporal scales. Simulation modeling is a powerful tool for bridging these scales; however, model projections are limited by uncertainties in the initial state of plant carbon and nitrogen stores. Watershed models typically use one of two methods to initialize these stores: spin-up to steady state, or remote sensing with allometric relationships. Spin-up involves running a model until vegetation reaches equilibrium based on climate; this approach assumes that vegetation across the watershed has reached maturity and is of uniform age, which fails to account for landscape heterogeneity and non-steady state conditions. By contrast, remote sensing, can provide data for initializing such conditions. However, methods for assimilating remote sensing into model simulations can also be problematic. They often rely on empirical allometric relationships between a single vegetation variable and modeled carbon and nitrogen stores. Because allometric relationships are species- and region-specific, they do not account for the effects of local resource limitation, which can influence carbon allocation (to leaves, stems, roots, etc.). To address this problem, we developed a new initialization approach using the catchment-scale ecohydrologic model RHESSys. The new approach merges the mechanistic stability of spin-up with the spatial fidelity of remote sensing. It uses remote sensing to define spatially explicit targets for one, or several vegetation state variables, such as leaf area index, across a watershed. The model then simulates the growth of carbon and nitrogen stores until the defined targets are met for all locations. We evaluated this approach in a mixed pine-dominated watershed in central Idaho, and a chaparral-dominated watershed in southern California. In the pine-dominated watershed, model estimates of carbon, nitrogen, and water fluxes varied among methods, while the target-driven method increased correspondence between observed and modeled streamflow. In the chaparral watershed, where vegetation was more homogeneously aged, there were no major differences among methods. Thus, in heterogeneous, disturbance-prone watersheds, the target-driven approach shows potential for improving biogeochemical projections.

opencc-byJun 2017View details →

Statue for swimming pool

Statue for swimming pool. Autor: Vincenc Makovský, Z. Makovský Material: bronze Revelation 1930, 1998. Location: Entrance hall of the Faculty of Economics and Administration of the Masaryk University in Brno Zdeněk Makovský's father's proposal from 1930 was enlarged and cast in bronze. "Plastics for the Pool" was unveiled on 18 June 1998 on the occasion of the ceremonial opening of the new building of the Faculty of Economics and Administration of Masaryk University. Photogrammetry from 296 photos. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

An 800-kyr planktonic 𝜹18O stack for the Western Pacific Warm Pool

Our 10 core planktonic 𝜹18O WPWP stack is available as the "WPWP_planktonic_stack.txt" file, which contains the age, mean 𝜹18O, and 1 sigma 𝜹18O alignment uncertainty. The same file is also available under the name "stack.txt" in the Output folder. The stack was produced using alignment software BIGMACS (Lee and Rand et al., 2022).The previously published depth and planktonic 𝜹18O as well as any radiocarbon or additional age constraints for each core used during stack construction can be found in the Inputs folder. This study's BIGMACS produced age models, depth, and planktonic 𝜹18O data for each core can be found in the Outputs folder under the "results.mat" file or as .txt files in the individual folders named for each core.Additional BIGMACS input and output files for planktonic 𝜹18O from Timor Sea (near the WPWP) core MD01-2378 (Holborn et al., 2005) are provided to demonstrate the alignment and age model differences between using the our new regional planktonic 𝜹18O WPWP stack and the global benthic 𝜹18O LR04 stack as alignment targets.  Differences between the two stacks during MIS 3 and 4 produce a ~17 kyr error in the alignment of the core to the LR04 stack at ~77 kyr ago (depth 8.81 m in core MD01-2378). Because the planktonic 𝛿18O records near the WPWP share features which differ from those of benthic 𝛿18O, age model results are expected be more accurate when these planktonic 𝛿18O records are aligned to the WPWP stack than to a benthic stack.Holbourn, A. E., Kuhnt, W., Kawamura, H., Jian, Z. Grootes, P. M., Erlenkeuser, H., and Xu, J.: Stable isotopes on planktic foraminifera of sediment core MD01-2378, PANGAEA [data set], https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.263757, 2005.Lee, T., Rand, D., Lisiecki, L. E., Gebbie, G., and Lawrence, C. E.: Bayesian age models and stacks: Combining age inferences from radiocarbon and benthic 𝜹18O stratigraphic alignment, EGUsphere, 1–29,<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-734"> https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-734</a>, 2022.Lisiecki, L. E., and Raymo, M. E.: A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic 𝜹18O records, Paleoceanogr., 20,<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001071"> PA1003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001071</a>, 2005.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Data for: A diverse parasite pool can improve effectiveness of biological control constrained by genotype-by-genotype interactions

The outcomes of biological control programs can be highly variable, with natural enemies often failing to establish or spread in pest populations. This variability has posed a major obstacle in use of the bacterial parasite Pasteuria penetrans for biological control of Meloidogyne species, economically devastating plant-parasitic nematodes for which there are limited management options. A leading hypothesis for this variability in control is that infection is successful only for specific combinations of bacterial and nematode genotypes. Under this hypothesis, failure of biological control results from the use of P. penetrans genotypes that cannot infect local Meloidogyne genotypes. We tested this hypothesis using isofemale lines of M. arenaria derived from a single field population and multiple sources of P. penetrans from the same and nearby fields. In strong support of the hypothesis, susceptibility to infection depended on the specific combination of host line and parasite source, with lines of M. arenaria varying substantially in which P. penetrans source could infect them. In light of this result, we tested whether using a diverse pool of P. penetrans could increase infection and thereby control. We found that increasing the diversity of the P. penetrans inoculum from one to eight sources more than doubled the fraction of M. arenaria individuals susceptible to infection and reduced variation in susceptibility across host lines. Together, our results highlight genotype-by-genotype specificity as an important cause of variation in biological control and call for the maintenance of genetic diversity in natural enemy populations.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Trout and invertebrate assemblages in stream pools through wildfire and drought

Climate change is increasing the frequency, severity, and extent of wildfires and drought in many parts of the world, with numerous repercussions for the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of streams. Yet information on how these perturbations affect top predators and their impacts on lower trophic levels in streams is limited. The top aquatic predator in southern California streams is native Oncorhynchus mykiss, the endangered southern California steelhead trout (trout). To examine relationships among the distribution of trout, environmental factors, and stream invertebrate resources and assemblages, we sampled pools in 25 stream reaches that differed in the presence (9 reaches) or absence (16 reaches) of trout over 12 years, including 8 reaches where trout were extirpated during the study period by drought or post-fire flood disturbances. Trout were present in deep pools with high water and habitat quality. Invertebrate communities in trout pools were dominated by a variety of medium-sized collector-gatherer and shredder invertebrate taxa with non-seasonal life cycles, whereas tadpoles and large, predatory invertebrates (Odonata, Coleoptera, Hemiptera (OCH)), often with atmospheric breather traits, were more abundant in troutless than trout pools. Structural equation modeling (SEM) of the algal-based food web indicated a trophic cascade from trout to predatory invertebrates to collector-gatherer taxa and weaker direct negative trout effects on grazers; however, both grazers and collector-gatherers also were positively related to macroalgal biomass. SEM also suggested that bottom-up interactions and abiotic factors drove the detritus-based food web, with shredder abundance being positively related to leaf litter (CPOM) levels, which, in turn, were positively related to canopy cover and negatively related to flow. When compared to the literature, these results emphasize the context dependency of trout effects on prey communities and the relative importance of top-down versus bottom-up interactions on food webs, contingent on environmental conditions (flow, light, nutrients, disturbances) and the abundances and traits of component taxa. Invertebrate assemblage structure changed from a trout to a troutless configuration within a year or two after trout were lost owing to post-fire scouring flows or drought. Increases in OCH abundance after trout were lost were much more variable after drought than after fire. The reappearance of trout in one stream where they were lost resulted in quick, severe reductions in OCH abundance. These results indicate that climate-change induced disturbances can result in the extirpation of a top predator, with cascading repercussions for stream communities and food webs. This study also emphasizes the importance of preserving or restoring refuge habitats, such as deep, shaded, perennial, cool stream pools with high habitat and water quality, to prevent the extirpation of sensitive species and preserve native biodiversity during a time of climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Outputs from new LBA simulations. Part III: Suppressed cold pools

MIMICA model outputs for new LBA simulations. The case, model configuration and output files are all described in the attached TRANSITION_setup.pdf file. This is the third of a three part dataset containing results from simulations in which cold pools have been suppressed (see below for a very quick overview). Three sets of data outputs are available: One corresponding to the original, idealized LBA case, one in which cold pools have been suppressed by nudging temperature and moisture tendencies below cloud base(_nocp extension), and one in which the fixed surface fluxes have been replaced by interactive fluxes (_sst extension). For each set of simulations, five horizontal grid spacings were employed to test the sensitivity of the results to resolution (specified as file name extensions): 1.6 km (64 grid points), 800 m (128 grid points), 400 m (256 grid points), 200 m (512 grid points) and 100 m (1024 grid points). Finally, for each case, a series of various output files are available, including time series of domain averaged quantities (T_S), time series of horizontally averaged quantities (profiles_tot.nc), and two-dimensional horizontal slices extracted at various altitudes (slice_z_XXXX.nc). Note that all files present except T_S follow the NetCDF standard.