Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Data from: Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data

Three primary global data outputs from the research: <ul> <li>grid.gpkg: Vectorized predicted distribution and transmission line network, with existing OpenStreetMap lines tagged in the 'source' column</li> <li>targets.tif: Binary raster showing locations predicted to be connected to distribution grid. </li> <li>lv.tif: Raster of predicted low-voltage infrastructure in kilometres per cell.</li> </ul> This data was created with code in the following three repositories: <ul> <li>https://github.com/carderne/gridfinder</li> <li>https://github.com/carderne/predictive-mapping-global-power</li> <li>https://github.com/carderne/access-estimator</li> </ul> Full steps to reproduce are contained in this file: <ul> <li>https://github.com/carderne/predictive-mapping-global-power/blob/master/README.md</li> </ul> The data can be visualized at the following location: <ul> <li>https://gridfinder.org</li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2020View details →

Tour de France data for the improvement of energy consumption in devices powered by limited energy sources

We propose a set of data that were collected as part of a "tour de France" with electrical wheelchair. Part of these data are allowed to propose a mathematical model based on an experimental methodology on the energy consumed in smartphones. The objective is to make accessible the data related to the publications in several fields of research (computer science, telecommunication, meteorological science, artificial intelligence, statistics ...)

opencc-zeroSep 2019View details →

Data from: Sampling strategy optimization to increase statistical power in landscape genomics: a simulation-based approach

An increasing number of studies are using landscape genomics to investigate local adaptation in wild and domestic populations. The implementation of this approach requires the sampling phase to consider the complexity of environmental settings and the burden of logistic constraints. These important aspects are often underestimated in the literature dedicated to sampling strategies. In this study, we computed simulated genomic datasets to run against actual environmental data in order to trial landscape genomics experiments under distinct sampling strategies. These strategies differed by design approach (to enhance environmental and/or geographic representativeness at study sites), number of sampling locations and sample sizes. We then evaluated how these elements affected statistical performances (power and false discoveries) under two antithetical demographic scenarios. Our results highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate sample size, which should be modified based on the demographic characteristics of the studied population. For species with limited dispersal, sample sizes above 200 units are generally sufficient to detect most adaptive signals, while in random mating populations this threshold should be increased to 400 units. Furthermore, we describe a design approach that maximizes both environmental and geographical representativeness of sampling sites and show how it systematically outperforms random or regular sampling schemes. Finally, we show that although having more sampling locations (between 40 and 50 sites) increase statistical power and reduce false discovery rate, similar results can be achieved with a moderate number of sites (20 sites). Overall, this study provides valuable guidelines for optimizing sampling strategies for landscape genomics experiments.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: Imputation of canine genotype array data using 365 whole-genome sequences improves power of genome-wide association studies

Genomic resources for the domestic dog have improved with the widespread adoption of a 173k SNP array platform and updated reference genome. SNP arrays of this density are sufficient for detecting genetic associations within breeds but are underpowered for finding associations across multiple breeds or in mixed-breed dogs, where linkage disequilibrium rapidly decays between markers, even though such studies would hold particular promise for mapping complex diseases and traits. Here we introduce an imputation reference panel, consisting of 365 diverse, whole-genome sequenced dogs and wolves, which increases the number of markers that can be queried in genome-wide association studies approximately 130-fold. Using previously genotyped dogs, we show the utility of this reference panel in identifying potentially novel associations, including a locus on CFA20 significantly associated with cranial cruciate ligament disease, and fine-mapping for canine body size and blood phenotypes, even when causal loci are not in strong linkage disequilibrium with any single array marker. This reference panel resource will improve future genome-wide association studies for canine complex diseases and other phenotypes.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

data set related to article Coping Power Universal for middle school students: The first efficacy study

This record contains raw data related to article Coping Power Universal for middle school students: The first efficacy study

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

data set related to article Universal Coping Power for pre-schoolers: Effects on children's behavioral difficulties and pre-academic skills

<pre>This record contains raw data related to article Universal Coping Power for pre-schoolers: Effects on children's behavioral difficulties and pre-academic skills</pre>

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Camera-based occupancy monitoring at large scales: power to detect trends in grizzly bears across the Canadian Rockies

Monitoring carnivores is critical for conservation, yet challenging because they are rare and elusive. Few methods exist for monitoring wide-ranging species over large spatial and sufficiently long temporal scales to detect trends. Remote cameras are an emerging technology for monitoring large carnivores around the world because of their low cost, non-invasive methodology, and their ability to capture pictures of species of concern that are difficult to monitor. For species without uniquely identifiable spots, stripes, or other markings, cameras collect detection/non-detection data that are well suited for monitoring trends in occupancy as its own independent useful metric of species distribution, as well as an index for abundance. As with any new monitoring method, prospective power analysis is essential to ensure meaningful trends can be detected. Here we test camera-based occupancy models as a method to monitor changes in occupancy of a threatened species, grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), at large landscape scales, across 5 Canadian national parks (~21,000 km2). With n = 183 cameras, the top occupancy model estimated regional occupancy to be 0.79 across all 5 parks. We evaluate the statistical power to detect simulated 5–40% declines in occupancy between two sampling years and test applied questions of how power is affected by the spatial scale of interest (park level vs. regional level), the number of cameras deployed, and duration of camera deployment. We also explore several ecological mechanisms (i.e., spatial patterns) of decline in occupancy, and examine how power changes when focusing only on grizzly bears family groups. As hypothesized, statistical power increased with the number of cameras and with the number of days deployed. Power was unaffected, however, by the ecological mechanisms of decline, indicating that our systematic sampling design can detect a decline regardless of whether occupancy declined due to range edge attrition, ecological trap or other mechanisms. Despite their lower occupancy, power was similarly high for grizzly bear family groups compared to grizzly bears in general. We highlight which study design attributes contributed to high power and we provide advice for establishing cost-effective camera-based programs for monitoring large carnivore occupancy at large spatial scales.

opencc-zeroJul 2019View details →

Data from: SNPs reveal a genetic cline across the northeast Atlantic and enable powerful population assignment in the European lobster

Resolving stock structure is crucial for fisheries conservation to ensure that the spatial implementation of management is commensurate with that of biological population units. To address this in the economically important European lobster (Homarus gammarus), genetic structure was explored across the species' range using a small panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously isolated from restriction-site associated DNA sequencing; these SNPs were selected to maximise differentiation at a range of both broad- and fine-scales. After quality control and filtering, 1,278 lobsters from 38 sampling sites were genotyped at 79 SNPs. The results revealed a pronounced phylogeographic break between the Atlantic and Mediterranean basins, while structure within the Mediterranean was also apparent, partitioned between lobsters from the central Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea. In addition, a genetic cline across the northeast Atlantic was revealed using both putatively neutral and outlier SNPs, but the precise driver(s) of this clinal pattern –isolation-by-distance, secondary contact, selection across an environmental gradient, or a combination of these factors– remains undetermined. Putatively neutral markers differentiated lobsters from Oosterschelde, an estuary on the Dutch coast, a finding likely explained by past bottlenecks and limited gene flow with adjacent North Sea populations. Building on the findings of our spatial genetic analysis, we were able to test the accuracy of assigning lobsters at various spatial scales, including to basin of origin (Atlantic or Mediterranean), region of origin and sampling location. The predictive model assembled using 79 SNPs correctly assigned 99.7 % of lobsters not used to build the model to their basin of origin, but accuracy decreased to region of origin and again to sampling location. These results are of direct relevance to managers of lobster fisheries and hatcheries, and provide the basis for a genetic tool for tracing the origin of European lobsters in the food supply chain.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Fish population genetic structure shaped by hydroelectric power plants in the upper Rhine catchment

The Rhine catchment in Switzerland has been transformed by a chain of hydroelectric power stations. We addressed the impact of fragmentation on the genetic structure of fish populations by focusing on the European chub (Squalius cephalus). This fish species is not stocked and copes well with altered habitats, enabling an assessment of the effects of fragmentation per se. Using microsatellites, we genotyped 2133 chub from 47 sites within the catchment fragmented by 37 hydroelectric power stations, two weirs and the Rhine Falls. The shallow genetic population structure reflected drainage topology and was affected significantly by barriers to migration. The effect of power stations equipped with fishpasses on genetic differentiation was detectable, albeit weaker than that of man-made barriers without fishpasses. The Rhine Falls as the only long-standing natural obstacle (formed 14 000 to 17 000 years ago) also had a strong effect. Man-made barriers also exacerbated the upstream decrease in allelic diversity in the catchment, particularly when lacking fishpasses. Thus, existing fishpasses do have the desired effect of mitigating fragmentation, but barriers still reduce population connectivity in a fish that traverses fishpasses better than many other species. Less mobile species are likely to be affected more severely.

opencc-zeroApr 2020View details →

Data from: Peak vertical jump power predicts radial bone strength better than hand grip strength in healthy individuals

Osteoporosis is considered a pediatric disease with geriatric consequences. However, measuring bone strength in children is complex and creates a practical problem for health professionals, teachers and parents. A non-invasive measure of muscle fitness that correlates to bone strength may provide a means to monitor bone strength throughout the lifespan. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between common muscle function tests (relative grip strength (RGS), peak vertical jump power (PP)) and bone strength in the radial diaphysis and epiphysis of a healthy population. Healthy participants (n=147 (81 female)) performed a bilateral grip strength test using a hand dynamometer, and a maximal vertical jump test. Peak vertical jump power was calculated from maximal jump height using the Sayer's equation. Moment of inertia (MoI), cortical area (CoA), cortical bone mineral density (cBMD), and polar strength-strain index (SSIp) were measured using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) to determine bone strength parameters at the 66% radial site (predominantly cortical bone). At the 4% site (trabecular bone site), bone mineral content (vBMC.tb), bone mineral density (vBMD.tb), total area (ToA.tb) and bone strength index (BSIc) were measured. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses determined the relationship of each muscle function test for each bone envelope (cortical and trabecular). For the cortical bone measurements: RGS, and PP were both significantly correlated with CoA, MoI, and SSIp. Peak vertical jump power predicted bone strength parameters to a greater extent compared to RGS. For the trabecular bone envelope, RGS was not a predictor of bone strength however peak power was a significant predictor of bone strength parameters. Peak vertical jump power was a significant predictor of bone strength at both trabecular and cortical radial sites. Interestingly PP, a lower limb measurement explained the most variance in the bone strength of the upper limb.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Successful by chance? the power of mixed models and neutral simulations for the detection of individual fixed heterogeneity in fitness components

Heterogeneity in fitness components consists of fixed heterogeneity due to latent differences fixed throughout life (e.g. genetic variation), and dynamic heterogeneity generated by stochastic variation. Their relative magnitude is crucial for evolutionary processes, as only the former may allow for adaptation. However, the importance of fixed heterogeneity in small populations has recently been questioned. Using neutral simulations (NS), several studies failed to detect fixed heterogeneity, thus challenging previous results from mixed models (MM). To understand the causes of this discrepancy, we estimate the statistical power and false positive rate of both methods, and apply them to empirical data from a wild rodent population. While MM show high false positive rates if confounding factors are not accounted for, they have high statistical power to detect real fixed heterogeneity. In contrast, NS are also subject to high false positive rates, but have always low power. Indeed, MM analyses of the rodent population data show significant fixed heterogeneity in reproductive success, whereas NS analyses do not. We suggest that fixed heterogeneity may be more common than is suggested by NS, and that NS are useful only if more powerful methods are not applicable and if they are complemented by a power analysis.

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

Data from: Passive rafting is a powerful driver of transoceanic gene flow

Dispersal by passive oceanic rafting is considered important for the assembly of biotic communities on islands. However, not much is known about levels of population genetic connectivity maintained by rafting over transoceanic distances. We assess the evolutionary impact of kelp-rafting by estimating population genetic differentiation in three kelp-associated invertebrate species across a system of islands isolated by oceanic gaps for over 5 million years, using mtDNA and AFLP markers. The species occur throughout New Zealand's subantarctic islands, but lack pelagic stages and any opportunity for anthropogenic transportation, and hence must rely on passive rafting for long-distance dispersal. They all have been directly observed to survive transoceanic kelp-rafting journeys in this region. Our analyses indicate that regular gene flow occurs among populations of all three species between all of the islands, especially those on either side of the subtropical front oceanographic boundary. Notwithstanding its perceived sporadic nature, long-distance kelp-rafting appears to enable significant gene flow among island populations separated by hundreds of kilometres of open ocean.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: The power of evolutionary rescue is constrained by genetic load

Extinction risk of small isolated populations in changing environments can be reduced by rapid adaptation and subsequent growth to larger, less vulnerable sizes. Whether this process, called evolutionary rescue, is able to reduce extinction risk and sustain population growth over multiple generations is largely unknown. To understand the consequences of adaptive evolution as well as maladaptive processes in small isolated populations, we subjected experimental Tribolium castaneum populations founded with 10 or 40 individuals to novel environments, one more favorable, and one resource poor, and either allowed evolution, or constrained it by replacing individuals one-for-one each generation from a non-adapting large population to minimize both adaptive and non-adaptive evolutionary processes. Replacement individuals spent one generation in the target novel environment before use to standardize effects due to the parental environment. After 8 generations we mixed a subset of surviving populations to facilitate admixture, allowing us to estimate drift load by comparing performance of mixed to unmixed groups. Evolving populations had reduced extinction rates, and increased population sizes in the first four to five generations compared to populations where evolution was constrained. Performance of evolving populations subsequently declined. Admixture restored their performance, indicating high drift load that may have overwhelmed the beneficial effects of adaptation in evolving populations. Our results indicate that evolution may quickly reduce extinction risk and increase population sizes, but suggest that relying solely on adaptation from standing genetic variation may not provide long-term benefits to small isolated populations of diploid sexual species, and that active management facilitating gene flow may be necessary for longer-term persistence.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Where to start? development of a spatial tool to prioritise retrofitting of power line poles that are dangerous to raptors

1.Avian electrocution on power lines is a major conservation issue on a global scale. Electrocution risk models have recently been proposed as an effective alternative to prioritising high‐risk pole retrofitting activities at a large scale. However, existing models ignore the specific features of the power poles supporting the power distribution lines and make the tenuous assumption that pole density and power line length are key factors to assessing the electrocution risk at a large scale. This assumption may be violated in areas with high variations in pole configuration. 2.In this study, we used data on raptors electrocuted on poles to develop a predictive model of raptor electrocution risk throughout an extensive geographic area in north‐western Spain, using boosted regression trees (BRT). With the best‐fitting model we predicted the hazard of a set of 188 741 poles and validated the model predictions with new data collected from the study area. 3.Our model highlights the relevance of combining both habitat and technical features to identify the most dangerous poles for raptors on a large geographic scale. A 9·86% of the total poles evaluated were characterised as high risk for raptors. The model showed good performance in external validation. The new electrocution events were registered at poles with high‐risk values. 4.Synthesis and applications. In this study we improved the accuracy of the predictive models of raptor electrocution risk for large geographic areas. By incorporating the technical characteristics of the power poles into the models, we achieved a high level of prediction at the power pole level which is the ultimate correction unit. This will allow electric companies and wildlife managers to specify retrofitting activities of high‐risk power poles for raptors in large geographic areas, thus maximizing the effect of investment in the correction of dangerous power poles and conservation of the raptor populations.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Validating the power of mitochondrial metagenomics for community ecology and phylogenetics of complex assemblages

1. The biodiversity of mixed-species samples of arthropods can be characterized by shotgun sequencing of bulk genomic DNA and subsequent bioinformatics assembly of mitochondrial genomes. Here, we tested the power of mitochondrial metagenomics by conducting Illumina sequencing on mixtures of >2600 individuals of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) from 10 communities. 2. Patterns of species richness, community dissimilarity and biomass were assessed from matches of reads against three reference databases, including (i) a custom set of mitogenomes generated for 156 species (89% of species in the study); (ii) mitogenomes obtained by the de novo assembly of sequence reads from the real-world communities; and (iii) a custom set of DNA barcode (cox1-5′) sequences. 3. Species detection against the custom-built reference genomes was very high (>90%). False presences were rare against mitogenomes but slightly higher against the barcode references. False absences were mainly due to the incompleteness of the reference databases and, thus, more prevalent in the de novo data set. Biomass (abundance × body length) and read numbers were strongly correlated, demonstrating the potential of mitochondrial metagenomics for studies of species abundance. 4. A phylogenetic tree from the mitogenomes showed high congruence with known relationships in Chrysomelidae. Patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic dissimilarity between sites were highly consistent with data from morphological identifications. 5. The power of mitochondrial metagenomics results from the possibility of rapid assembly of mitogenomes from mixtures of specimens and the use of read counts for accurate estimates of key parameters of biodiversity directly from community samples.

FIGURE 4 in Phyllodesmium rudmani (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea), a new solar powered species from the IndoWest Pacific with data on its symbiosis with zooxanthellae

FIGURE 4. Phyllodesmium rudmani, histology: A: Ramification of the digestive glandular branches beneath epidermis in large ceras. B: Multiple saclike structures of the digestive glandular branches beneath epidermis of ceras. Note the zooxanthellae inside the digestive glandular cells and the lumen of the branches. C: Zooxanthellae inside the tissue of the terminal digestive glandular branches. Note the highly vacuolated cells of the epidermis. D: Zooxanthellae surrounded by digestive glandular cells from the lumen of a midgut branch. Note the dividing zooxanthellae cell (left middle).

FIGURE 3 in Phyllodesmium rudmani (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea), a new solar powered species from the IndoWest Pacific with data on its symbiosis with zooxanthellae

FIGURE 3. Phyllodesmium rudmani, hard structures in digestive system: A: Radula of holotype, CASIZ 103747. B: Closeup of radula of holotype, CASIZ 103747.

FIGURE 2 in Phyllodesmium rudmani (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea), a new solar powered species from the IndoWest Pacific with data on its symbiosis with zooxanthellae

FIGURE 2. Phyllodesmium rudmani, morphology: A: Distal genital system. B: Left jaw seen from interior side. C: Masticatory margin of jaw. Abbreviations: am ampulla, al albumen gland, me membrane gland, mu mucous gland, p penis, pr prostate, rs receptaculum seminis.

FIGURE 1 in Phyllodesmium rudmani (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea), a new solar powered species from the IndoWest Pacific with data on its symbiosis with zooxanthellae

FIGURE 1. Phyllodesmium rudmani, living animals from North Sulawesi (A–D, F) and the Philippines (E): A: Dorsal view of moving specimen. B: Ventral view of moving specimen. C: P. rudmani with polyps of its food coral Xenia (right). D: Animal sitting inactive and mimicking Xenia polyps (same specimen as in F). E: Moving specimen from the Philippines in situ. F: One specimen sitting in Xenia.