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3,947 results for “Requirements”
Recurrent circuitry is required to stabilize piriform cortex odor representations across brain states
<p>Pattern completion, or the ability to retrieve stable neural activity patterns from noisy or partial cues, is a fundamental feature of memory. Theoretical studies indicate that recurrently connected auto-associative or discrete attractor networks can perform this process. Although pattern completion and attractor dynamics have been observed in various recurrent neural circuits, the role recurrent circuitry plays in implementing these processes remains unclear. In recordings from head-fixed mice, we found that odor responses in olfactory bulb degrade under ketamine/ xylazine anesthesia, while responses immediately downstream, in piriform cortex, remain robust. Recurrent connections are required to stabilize cortical odor representations across states. Moreover, piriform odor representations exhibit attractor dynamics, both within and across trials, and these are also abolished when recurrent circuitry is eliminated. Here, we present converging evidence that recurrently-connected piriform populations stabilize sensory representations in response to degraded inputs, consistent with an auto-associative function for piriform cortex supported by recurrent circuitry.</p>
Indirect actuation reduces flight power requirements in Manduca sexta via elastic energy exchange
<p>In many insects, wing movements are generated indirectly via exoskeletal deformations. Measurements of inertial and aerodynamic power suggest that elastic recovery of energy between wingstrokes might reduce power requirements of flight. We tested three questions. 1) Can the thorax itself provide significant energy return? 2) Does a simple damped elastic model describe the bulk mechanical behavior? and 3) Are different regions of the thorax specialized for elastic energy exchange? We measured deformation mechanics of the hawkmoth <em>Manduca sexta</em> thorax by recording the force required to sinusoidally deform the thorax over a wide frequency range. Elastic energy storage in the thorax is sufficient to minimize power requirements. However, we find that a structural (frequency-independent) damping model, not a viscoelastic model, best describes the thorax's mechanical properties. We next performed complementary experiments on a structurally damped homogeneous hemisphere. In contrast to the hemispherical shell, we find that mechanical coupling between different regions of the thorax improves energy exchange performance, and that local mechanical properties depend on global strain patterns. Specifically, the scutum region provides energy recovery with low dissipation, while the majority of energy loss occurred in the wing hinge region, highlighting the specificity of thorax regions for flight energetics. </p>
STM, locomotion and survival raw data for: A neural m6A/Ythdf pathway is required for learning and memory in Drosophila
<p>The files contain raw and summarized data files for the STM, locomotion and survival experiments published in the manuscript entitled " A neural m6A/Ythdf pathway is required for learning and memory in Drosophila". Instructions on how to process data and further information is found in the "summary" file.<br> </p>
Data from: Flightin maintains myofilament lattice organization required for optimal flight power and courtship song quality in Drosophila
The indirect flight muscles (IFMs) of Drosophila and other insects with asynchronous flight muscles are characterized by a crystalline myofilament lattice structure. The high-order lattice regularity is considered an adaptation for enhanced power output, but supporting evidence for this claim is lacking. We show that IFMs from transgenic flies expressing flightin with a deletion of its poorly conserved N-terminal domain (flnΔN62) have reduced inter-thick filament spacing and a less regular lattice. This resulted in a decrease in flight ability by 33% and in skinned fibre oscillatory power output by 57%, but had no effect on wingbeat frequency or frequency of maximum power output, suggesting that the underlying actomyosin kinetics is not affected and that the flight impairment arises from deficits in force transmission. Moreover, we show that flnΔN62 males produced an abnormal courtship song characterized by a higher sine song frequency and a pulse song with longer pulses and longer inter-pulse intervals (IPIs), the latter implicated in male reproductive success. When presented with a choice, wild-type females chose control males over mutant males in 92% of the competition events. These results demonstrate that flightin N-terminal domain is required for optimal myofilament lattice regularity and IFM activity, enabling powered flight and courtship song production. As the courtship song is subject to female choice, we propose that the low amino acid sequence conservation of the N-terminal domain reflects its role in fine-tuning species-specific courtship songs.
AutoImplant 2021 Task 2 - Clinical Cases Requiring Cranioplasty
<p>Clinical cases of defective skulls from the University of Nebraska Medical Center prior to correction via cranioplasty. Images are binary images that were thresholded at 150 Hounsfield units from high resolution CT scans. Facial bone features have been removed.</p>
Microclimate Effects and Irrigation Water Requirement of Mesic, Oasis, and Xeric Landscapes
<p>This database provides the model input parameters and simulation files for Mesic, Oasis, and Xeric landscapes. </p>
Proper modelling of ligand binding requires an ensemble of bound and unbound states
<p>Crystallographic data for structures described in the manuscript "Proper modelling of ligand binding requires an ensemble of bound and unbound states".</p>
Questionnaire on needs and requirements for energy performance gap reduction at the operational level of a building
<p>Questionnaires provided within the Hit2Gap H2020 project.</p> <p>Lsits needs and requirements of the different actors of the project; these actors are at different responsibilities of a building.</p>
Data and results related to "Fattori et al. 2017 - High Solar Photovoltaic Penetration in the Absence of Substantial Wind Capacity: Storage Requirements and Effects on Capacity Adequacy - Energy"
<p>The file includes data used for the analysis and results coming from the study (which was focused on the Italian "Nord" bidding zone). In particular:</p> <p>(i) Series of hourly load data [MW], from 01.01.2006 to 31.12.2015. The data come from elaborations based on ENTSO-E (https://www.entsoe.eu/db-query/country-packages/production-consumption-exchange-package) and Terna S.p.A. (http://www.terna.it/en-gb/sistemaelettrico/transparencyreport/load/actualload.aspx). All the elaborations are described in details on the paper.</p> <p>(ii) Data related to the penetration of PV. Installed capacity of PV is assumed to increase from zero up to the capacity needed so that the average annual PV generation (based on the years 1986-2015) potentially equals the average annual demand (based on the years 2006-2015).</p> <p>(iii) Synthesis of the results about: residual load (with and w/o storage), ramps (with and w/o storage), excess energy (with and w/o storage), storage requirements</p>
Requirement prioritization in Software Engineering: a systematic literature review update
<div> <div> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <p>A data extraction form was developed to collect all relevant information from the identified studies and organize the selection process in this updated systematic literature review. The main information included in this form comprises the protocol, an identifier (ID) for each study, bibliographic references, and answers to the research questions.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Dataset from paper: "Mind the Gap: Reconciling tropical forest carbon flux estimates from Earth Observation and National Reporting requires transparency"
<p>This repository contains the processed data used in the publication of Heinrich et al., 2023 (Mind the Gap: Reconciling tropical forest carbon flux estimates from Earth Observation and National Reporting requires transparency). Carbon Balance and Management: https://cbmjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13021-023-00240-2 </p><p>When using this data, full reference to the raw data publications and the publication Heinrich et al., 2023 must be made.</p><p>The raw datasets used in this study are all available from their original sources.</p><p> </p>
Dataset: The Mononuclear Metal-Binding Site of Mo-Nitrogenase Is Not Required for activity
<p>Dataset for publication: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.3c00567">https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.3c00567</a> </p>
Supporting Data - The influence of additionality and time-matching requirements on the emissions from grid-connected hydrogen production
<p>This dataset contains all case input and outputs for the analysis done in <i>The influence of additionality and time-matching requirements on the emissions from grid-connected hydrogen production.</i></p>
Sustained liver HBsAg loss and clonal T and B cell expansion upon therapeutic DNA vaccination require low HBsAg levels
<p>C57BL/6 mice samples transduced with AAV-HBV, followed by treatment with siRNA+TxTv, control siRNA+TxVx or control siRNA+empty plasmid. 10x genomics (VDJ) was performed in liver IHIC.</p><p>An rds object with the raw and normalised counts, the annotations is available.</p>
Photoactivation of the Orange Carotenoid Protein Requires Two Light-Driven Reactions Mediated by a Metastable Monomeric Intermediate – Absorption Spectra and Global Analysis Results, Molecular Dynamics Simulations
<p>Time-resolved absorption and molecular dynamics trajectory datasets associated with: Rose, J. B.; Gascón, J. A.; Sutter, M.; Sheppard, D. I.; Kerfeld, C. A.; Beck, W. F. Photoactivation of the Orange Carotenoid Protein Requires Two Light-Driven Reactions Mediated by a Metastable Monomeric Intermediate. <i>Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.</i> <strong>2023</strong>, DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04484j.</p>
Xrp1 ChIP-seq database (data from Xrp1 is a transcription factor required for cell competition-driven elimination of loser cells)
<p>Xrp1 ChIP-seq data from Baillon et al. 2018, "Xrp1 is a transcription factor required for cell competition-driven elimination of loser cells".</p>
Recovery from social isolation requires dopamine in males, but not the autism-related gene nlg3 in either sex
<p>Social isolation causes profound changes in social behaviour in a variety of species. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms modulating behavioural responses to social isolation and social recovery remain to be elucidated. Here, we quantified the behavioural response of vinegar flies to social isolation using two distinct protocols (social space preference and spontaneous tendencies to form groups). We found that social isolation increased social space and reduced sociability. These effects of social isolation were reversible and could be reduced after 3 days of group housing. Flies with a loss of function of <em>neuroligin3</em> (ortholog of autism-related <em>neuroligin</em> genes) with known increased social space in a socially enriched environment, were still able to recover from social isolation. We also show that dopamine is needed for a response to social isolation and recovery in males but not in females. Furthermore, only in males, dopamine levels are reduced after isolation and are not recovered after group housing. Finally, in socially enriched flies mutant for <em>neuroligin3</em>, dopamine levels are reduced in males, but not in females. We propose a model to explain how dopamine and <em>neuroligin3</em> are involved in the behavioural response to social isolation and its recovery in a dynamic and sex-specific manner.</p>
Detection of ghost introgression requires exploiting topological and branch length information
<p><span>In recent years, the study of hybridization and introgression has made significant progress, with ghost introgression</span><span>—</span><span>the transfer of genetic material from extinct or unsampled lineages to extant species—emerging as a key area for research. Accurately identifying ghost introgression, however, presents a challenge. To address this issue, we focused on simple cases involving three species with a known phylogenetic tree. Using mathematical analyses and simulations, we evaluated the performance of popular phylogenetic methods, including HyDe and PhyloNet/MPL, and the full-likelihood method, </span><span>Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography</span><span> (BPP), in detecting ghost introgression. Our findings suggest that heuristic approaches relying on site-pattern counts or gene-tree topologies struggle to differentiate ghost introgression from introgression between sampled non-sister species, frequently leading to incorrect identification of donor and recipient species. The full-likelihood method BPP using multilocus sequence alignments </span><span>directly—hence taking into account both gene-tree topologies and branch lengths, </span><span>by contrast, is capable of detecting ghost introgression in phylogenomic datasets. We analyzed a real-world phylogenomic dataset of 14 species of Jaltomata (Solanaceae) to showcase the potential of full-likelihood methods for accurate inference of introgression.</span></p>
''Do you have time for a quick call?": Exploring Remote and Hybrid Requirements Engineering Practices and Challenges in Industry
<p>This replication package contains the survey and interview questions, list of codes derived from the analysis, and the survey respondent demographics from the paper titled <em><strong>''Do you have time for a quick call?": Exploring Remote and Hybrid Requirements Engineering Practices and Challenges in Industry </strong></em>accepted to International Requirements Engineering Conference 2024. </p>
Touch sensation requires the mechanically-gated ion channel Elkin1
<p>The extraordinary speed of touch perception is enabled by mechanically-activated ion channels, the opening of which excites cutaneous sensory endings to initiate sensation. We identify Elkin1(1) as an ion channel likely gated by mechanical force necessary for normal behavioral touch sensitivity in mice. Touch insensitivity in Elkin1-/- mice was caused by a loss of mechanically-activated currents (MA-currents) in around half of all sensory neurons that are activated by light touch (low threshold mechanoreceptors, LTMRs). Reintroduction of Elkin1 into sensory neurons from Elkin1-/- mice acutely restored MA-currents. Additionally, siRNA mediated knockdown of Elkin1 from induced human sensory neurons substantially reduced indentation-induced MA-currents supporting a conserved role for Elkin1 in human touch. Our data identify Elkin1 as a novel core component of touch transduction in mammals.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.