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Data from: Plant species richness and shrub cover attenuate drought effects on ecosystem functioning across Patagonian rangelands
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Assessing the use of bison for savanna restoration at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve: Species Percent Cover
Oak savanna is the most threatened ecosystem in Minnesota and fire, alone, is not restoring and preserving it. Our savanna restoration research started more than a half century ago in what had once been native savanna at Cedar Creek. It has shown that burning about 4 to 7 times per decade eliminates shrubs and non-savanna tree species and restores prairie grassland species. However, our 50 years of research is also showing that these frequent and intense fires are preventing oaks from regenerating. Bison are now known to be a keystone species for restoring and preserving grasslands, but their roles in savanna ecosystems remain unknown. In grasslands, bison preferentially graze the dominant warm season grasses that would otherwise outcompete wildflowers, thereby promoting plant coexistence and enhancing plant diversity. Here we propose to test whether bison grazing might promote the growth and survivorship of oak seedlings in burned savannas by reducing grass fuel for fires and by knocking back dominant grass competitors. We will maintain the existing fire frequencies and the design of the long-term burning experiment, while adding bison grazing as an additional factor in part of several burn units on the southeast side of the property. Bison will graze during the summer and early fall seasons. Grazing exclosures will be established, and oak seedlings will be planted, to test effects of bison grazing on early oak growth and survivorship. The outcomes we plan to achieve are to: (1) discover better restoration and preservation practices for savanna ecosystems; (2) determine how these practices impact savanna biodiversity; and (3) educate Minnesotans about the ecological heritage of their state, including the roles that bison, fire and biodiversity play in the functioning of savannas and other Minnesota ecosystems. We will achieve these goals and outcomes by: (1) restoring bison grazing to 200 acres of oak savanna; (2) experimentally testing whether bison grazing promot
Figure 8 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 8 Boxplots of the Forewing Index (FWI) in (A) gynes of non-parasitic Nearctic Nylanderia (grey), N. deceptrix (red), N. deyrupi (blue), and N. parasitica (yellow), as well as (B) males of non-parasitic Nearctic Nylanderia (grey) and N. parasitica (yellow). Host species are represented by a lighter color shade than their respective social parasite species. (*** = P < 0.001, **** = P << 0.0001).
Figure 6 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 6 Boxplots comparing body sizes (Weber's Length) of social parasite queens (red) to the queens (light blue) and workers (dark blue) of their respective host species. Letters above the boxes indicate significantly different groups (Pairwise Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction, P < 0.05).
Figure 5 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 5 Males of the social parasite Nylanderia parasitica (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia faisonensis (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 4 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 4 Gynes of the social parasite Nylanderia parasitica (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia faisonensis (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 7 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 7 Boxplot comparing body sizes (Weber's Length) of social parasite queens to each other. Letters above the boxes indicate significantly different groups (Pairwise Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction, P < 0.05).
Figure 3 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 3 Males of the social parasite Nylanderia deyrupi (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia wojciki (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 2 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 2 Gynes of the social parasite Nylanderia deyrupi (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia wojciki (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 10 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 10 Geographic distribution of N. parasitica (black stars) and its host N. faisonensis (red circles). Host distribution data was supplemented with additional information from antmaps.org (Janicki et al. 2016).
Figure 1 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 1 Gyne (A, C, E) and male (B, D, F) of the previously described social parasite Nylanderia deceptrix in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B), 1 mm (C, E), 0.5 mm (D, F).
Figure 9 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 9 Geographic distribution of N. deyrupi (black star) and its host N. wojciki (red circles). Host distribution data was supplemented with additional information from antmaps.org (Janicki et al. 2016).
Data from: Landscape-specific thresholds in the relationship between species richness and natural land cover
1. Thresholds in the relationship between species richness and natural land cover can inform landscape-level vegetation protection and restoration targets. However, landscapes differ considerably in composition and other environmental attributes. If the effect of natural land cover on species richness depends on (i.e. interacts with) these attributes, and this affects the value of thresholds in this relationship, such dependencies must be considered when using thresholds to guide landscape management. 2. We hypothesised that the amount of natural land cover at which a threshold occurs would differ in predictable ways with particular anthropogenic, abiotic and biotic attributes of landscapes. To test this, we related woodland bird species richness in 251 landscapes, each 100 km 2, to natural land cover in south-east Australia. We compared the fit of exponential and threshold models of the richness-natural land cover relationship, focussing on the extent of natural land cover at which thresholds presented among landscapes that differed in matrix land use intensity, heterogeneity, productivity and the prevalence of strong biotic interactors. We used linear mixed modelling to examine how interactions between natural land cover and the various landscape attributes affected the fit of models of species richness. 3. Threshold models of the richness-natural land cover relationship were always a better fit than exponential models. Threshold values did not vary consistently with specific landscape attributes, with the exception of landscapes that were classified by the prevalence of strong biotic interactors (hypercompetitive native birds of the genus Manorina). 4. Natural land cover had a more positive effect on species richness in landscapes when Manorina prevalence was higher. This positive interaction provided the biggest improvement in explanatory power of models of species richness. 5. Synthesis and applications. While we detected an interaction between Manorina prevalence and the area of natural land cover, generalities relating to the underlying nature of thresholds in the richness-natural land cover relationship remain elusive. Complex interactions, relating to various landscape attributes and associated ecological processes, likely underpin variation in threshold values. Until these complexities are better understood, the use of thresholds for informing landscape management and conservation target setting should be approached with caution.
Data from: Bird species diversity in Altai riparian landscapes: wood cover plays a key role for avian abundance
Aims: We aim to understand bird richness and variation in species composition (beta diversity) along a 630 km riparian landscape in the Altai Mountains of China, and to test whether vegetation cover is the main explanation of species diversity. Methods: We selected nine regions along a gradient of natural vegetation change. Bird surveys and environmental measurements were conducted at 10 points in each of the nine regions. We collected environmental land cover variables such as wood cover (area proportion of trees and shrubs with saplings in habitats; here trees are woody plant with a single trunk and higher than 3m, shrubs and saplings are distinguished from trees by their multiple trunks and shorter height) and tree cover, and two climate factors which were Annual Mean Temperature (AMT) and Annual Precipitation (AP). We used Liner Regression Models to explore the correlation between bird species richness and environmental variables. We used Sørensen's dissimilarity index to measure birds' beta diversity, and quantified the contribution of environmental variables to this pattern using a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Results: Wood cover was the strongest predictor of overall, insectivore and omnivore bird richness. Regions with wood cover contained more bird species. Beta diversity was overall high in the studied regions, and turnover components occupied a major part of beta diversity. Wood cover and AP were significant predictors of bird species composition explaining 33.24% of bird beta diversity together. Conclusions: Wood vegetation including trees, shrubs and saplings, rather than only trees, contains high bird richness. High beta diversity suggests that expansion of the existing nature reserves is needed in the riparian landscapes to capture the variation in bird species composition. Thus all wood cover in the overall riparian landscapes of Altai Mountains should be protected from farming and grazing to improve bird conservation outcomes.
Fig. 1 in Comparison of carabid densities in different cover crop species in north Florida
Fig. 1 Number of Tetracha carolina and Selenophorus palliatus per day found in cover crops in Quincy, Florida in 2012 (mean ± SE; n = 8).
Figure 14 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, LaPolla JS (2016) Nylanderia deceptrix sp. n., a new species of obligately socially parasitic formicine ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 552: 49-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6475
Figure 14 - Scatter plot displaying mesosoma length (=Weber's length) to forewing length and trendline fitting non-parasitic Nearctic Nylanderia: Nylanderia arenivaga, Nylanderia austroccidua, Nylanderia concinna, Nylanderia faisonensis, Nylanderia parvula, Nylanderia phantasma, Nylanderia querna, Nylanderia terricola, Nylanderia vividula, and Nylanderia wojciki (diamonds) with added Nylanderia deceptrix data (squares, not part of trendline data).
Figure 13 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, LaPolla JS (2016) Nylanderia deceptrix sp. n., a new species of obligately socially parasitic formicine ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 552: 49-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6475
Figure 13 - Box-and-Whisker plot of within colony Nylanderia parvula brood counts from May, June, July and September.
Figures 2-11 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, LaPolla JS (2016) Nylanderia deceptrix sp. n., a new species of obligately socially parasitic formicine ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 552: 49-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6475
Figures 2-11 - Nylanderia deceptrix (queen USNMENT00755074; male 4, 5 USNMENT00755083; male 6–11 USNMENT00755073): 2 queen in lateral view 3 queen head in full-frontal view 4 male in lateral view 5 male head in full-frontal view 6–9 male genitalia in dorsal, lateral, and ventral view, and ventral view close-up of digitus and cuspis 10 male 9th sternite 11 penis valve (ectal view).
Figure 1 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, LaPolla JS (2016) Nylanderia deceptrix sp. n., a new species of obligately socially parasitic formicine ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 552: 49-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6475
Figure 1 - Land conservation map of Massachusetts (orange and green represent protected areas), with the location of Myles Standish State Forest indicated. Modified from http://files.usmre.com/175/MA%20Map%202009.
Figure 12 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, LaPolla JS (2016) Nylanderia deceptrix sp. n., a new species of obligately socially parasitic formicine ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 552: 49-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6475
Figure 12 - Box-and-Whisker plot of within colony Nylanderia parvula alate reproductive counts from May, June, July and September.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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