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578 results for “Telomeres”
Data from: Effects of male telomeres on probability of paternity in sand lizards
Standardized swim-up trials are used in IVF clinics to select particularly motile spermatozoa in order to increase the probability of a successful fertilization. Such trials demonstrate that sperm with longer telomeres have higher motility and lower levels of DNA damage. Regardless of whether sperm motility, and successful swim-up to fertilization sites, is a direct or correlational effect of telomere length or DNA damage, covariation between telomere length and sperm performance predicts a relationship between telomere length and probability of paternity in sperm competition, a prediction that for ethical reasons cannot be tested on humans. Here we test this prediction in sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) using experimental data from twice-mated females in a laboratory population, and telomere length in blood from the participating lizards. Female identity influenced paternity (while the mechanism was not identified), while relatively longer male telomeres predicted higher probability of paternity. We discuss potential mechanisms underpinning this result.
Data from: Ageing and reproduction: antioxidant supplementation alleviates telomere loss in wild birds
Reproduction is inherently costly. Environmental stressors, such as infection and limited food resources, can compromise investment at each breeding attempt. For example, recent data on captive birds showed that increased reproductive effort accelerates ageing. However, the effects of nutritional status and infection on ageing remain unknown. Telomeres function as protective caps at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, and changes in telomere length is a commonly used proxy for ageing. To partially address the mechanisms of ageing following reproduction, we supplemented, medicated or administered a combined treatment to wild blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) breeding in central Spain during 2012. The nutritional supplement consisted of two different antioxidants, while the medication was an antimalarial treatment against blood parasites. We evaluated the effect of these manipulations on reproductive success and parasite loads in the first breeding season, and on changes in telomere length between two consecutive breeding seasons. Supplemented birds showed no reduction in blood parasite infections in 2012, although they exhibited higher body mass and fledging success. The antimalarial drugs reduced infections by several parasite species, but this had no effect on fitness parameters. In the following season, telomeres from supplemented birds had shortened less. Altogether, we found that supplementation with antioxidants provided fitness benefits in the short term and reduced telomere loss a year following treatment. Our results provide indirect empirical support for accelerated telomere loss as a cost of reproduction.
FIGURES 3–6 in 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of telomeric repeat-binding domain ofArabidopsis thaliana
FIGURES 3–6. Nilotanypus polycanthus sp. n., male. 3. Abdomen. 4. Wing. 5. Tibial spur and pseudospurs on fore leg. 6. Hypopygium, ventral and dorsal view.
Decline in telomere length with increasing age across non‐human vertebrates: a meta‐analysis
<p>The prediction that telomere length (TL) shortens with increasing age is a major element in considering the role of telomeres as a key player in evolution. While telomere attrition is found in humans both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, the increasing number of studies reporting diverse age-specific patterns of TL challenges the hypothesis of a universal decline of TL with increasing age. Here we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the relationship between TL and age across 175 estimates encompassing 98 species of vertebrates. We found that, on average, TL does decline with increasing age during adulthood. However, this decline was weak and variable across vertebrate classes, and we also found evidence for a publication bias that might weaken our current evidence of decreasing TL with increasing age. We found no evidence for a faster decline in TL with increasing age when considering the juvenile stage (from birth to age at first reproduction) compared to the adult stage. Heterogeneity in TL ageing rates was explained by the method used to measure telomeres: detectable TL declines with increasing age were found only among studies using TRF with in-gel hybridisation and qFISH methods, but not in studies using qPCR and Southern blot-based TRF methods. While we confirmed that TL declines with increasing age in most adult vertebrates, our results identify an influence of telomere measurement methodology, which highlights the need to examine more thoroughly the effect of the method of measurement on TL estimates.</p>
Data from: High heritability of telomere length and low heritability of telomere shortening in wild birds
<p>Telomere length and telomere shortening predict survival in many organisms. This raises the question of the contribution of genetic and environmental effects to variation in these traits, which is still poorly known, particularly for telomere shortening. We used experimental (cross-fostering) and statistical (quantitative genetic 'animal' models) means to disentangle and estimate genetic and environmental contributions to telomere length variation in pedigreed free-living jackdaws (<i>Corvus monedula</i>). Telomere length was measured twice in nestlings, at ages 4 (n=715) and 29 days (n=474), using TRF-analysis, adapted to exclude interstitial telomeric sequences. Telomere length shortened significantly over the nestling period (10.4±0.3 bp/day) and was highly phenotypically (<i>r<sub>P</sub></i>=0.95±0.01) and genetically (<i>r<sub>G</sub></i>>0.99±0.01) correlated within individuals. Additive genetic effects explained a major part of telomere length variation among individuals, with its heritability estimated at <i>h<sup>2</sup></i>=0.74 on average. We note that TRF-based studies reported higher heritabilities than qPCR-based studies, and we discuss possible explanations. Parent-offspring regressions yielded similar heritability estimates for mothers and fathers when accounting for changes in paternal telomere length over life. Year effects explained a small but significant part of telomere length variation. Heritable variation for telomere shortening was low (<i>h<sup>2</sup></i>=0.09±0.11). The difference in heritability between telomere length (high) and telomere shortening (low) agrees with evolutionary theory, in that telomere shortening has stronger fitness consequences in this population. Despite the high heritability of telomere length, its evolvability, which scales the additive genetic variance by mean telomere length, was on average 0.48%. Hence evolutionary change of telomere length due to selection is likely to be slow.</p>
Experimental ectoparasite removal has a sex-specific effect on nestling telomere length
<p>Parasites are a strong selective force that can influence fitness-related traits. The length of chromosome-capping telomeres can be used to assess the long-term costs of parasitism, as telomere loss accelerates in response to environmental stressors and often precedes poorer survival prospects. Here, we explored the sex-specific effects of ectoparasite removal on morphology and telomere length in nestling tree swallows (<em>Tachycineta bicolor</em>). To do so, we experimentally removed blowfly (<em>Protocalliphora</em> spp.) larvae from nests using Permethrin, a broad-spectrum insecticide. Compared to water-treated controls, insecticide treatment of nests had a sex-biased effect on blood telomere length: ectoparasite removal resulted in significantly longer telomeres in males but not females. While this treatment did not influence nestling body mass, it was associated with reduced feather development regardless of sex. This may reflect a relaxed pressure to fledge quickly in the absence of parasites, or alternatively, could be a negative side effect of permethrin on morphology. Exploring robust sex-specific telomere dynamics in response to early-life environmental pressures such as parasitism will shed light on sexual dimorphism in adult life histories and ageing.</p>
Data for: When does early-life telomere length predict survival? A case study and meta-analysis
<p>Suboptimal conditions during development can shorten telomeres, the protective DNA caps on the end of chromosomes. Shorter early-life telomere length (TL) can indicate reduced somatic maintenance, leading to lower survival and shorter lifespan. However, despite some clear evidence, not all studies show a relationship between early-life TL and survival or lifespan, which may be due to differences in biology or study design (e.g., survival period measured). In superb fairy-wrens (<em>Malurus cyaneus</em>), we assessed whether early-life TL predicts mortality across different life-history stages (fledgling, juvenile, adult). However, in contrast to a similar study on a congener, early-life TL did not predict mortality across any life stage in this species. We then performed a meta-analysis including 32 effect sizes from 23 studies (15 birds and 3 mammals) to quantify the effect of early-life TL on mortality whilst taking into consideration potential sources of biological and methodological variation. Overall, the effect of early-life TL on mortality was significant, corresponding to a 15% reduction in mortality risk with each standard deviation increase in TL. However, the effect became weaker when correcting for publication bias. Contrary to our predictions, there was no evidence that effects of early-life TL on mortality varied with species lifespan or the period over which survival was measured. However, negative effects of early-life TL on mortality risk were pervasive throughout life. These results imply that effects of early-life TL on mortality are more likely context-dependent rather than age-dependent, although substantial power and publication bias issues highlight the need for more research.</p>
Aerobic Exercise and Telomere Length in Patients With Heart Failure.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03856736. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Telomeres and Arterial Aging
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02176941. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Telomere Length and Other Parameters of Telomere Dysfunction in PSC and Colitis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02247622. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Impact of Lifestyle Changes on Telomeric Activity in Patients With Chronic Pain
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03056417. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Telomere Biology and AKI in Cardiac Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02692833. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Telomere Associated Variables (TAVs) in Prostate Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04124900. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 20.
Study of the Telomere-telomerase System and the Expression of Candidate Genes in the Leukocytes of Patients With Depressive Disorder: Search for Peripheral Markers of Somatic Stress
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01903655. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Myocardial Telomere Recapping Study for Dilated Cardiomyopathy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05837143. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
The TELO-SCOPE Study: Attenuating Telomere Attrition With Danazol. Is There Scope to Dramatically Improve Health Outcomes for Adults and Children With Pulmonary Fibrosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04638517. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Body Awareness and Aerobic Exercise: Telomere Impact
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06732934. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
Effects of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Supplementation on Telomeres in VITAL
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04386577. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Telomeres Evaluation in Endometriosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01809561. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 16.
The Association Between Telomere Length and Propofol Dose in Anesthesia-induction
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03429309. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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