Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
917
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
917 results for “Theorie”
A comparative analysis testing Werner's theory of complex life cycles
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Neuroimaging evidence for network sampling theory of human intelligence
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset for publication "Spectral graph theory efficiently characterises ventilation heterogeneity in airway networks".
<p>This directory contains files for the tree networks used in the manuscript "Spectral graph theory efficiently characterises ventilation heterogeneity in airway networks" by C Whitfield et al. Publication details to follow.</p> <p>Each folder contains the network as labelled in the paper in two formats:<br> - .vtk format<br> - plain text format where it is split into 3 files with suffixes .branches .nodes and .termnodes<br> - The .nodes file has 4 columns, the first is the node index and the other 3 are the (x,y,z) node coordinates in mm<br> - The .branches file has 4 columns (ignoring extra info in following columns), which are the edge index, node in index, node out index and radius (mm)<br> - The .termnodes file contains a list of node indices corresponding to terminal nodes of the tree.</p> <p>Each folder also contains the CT centerline data (identified by the suffix _CT) in .vtk format.</p>
A Theory of Unpinning of Spiral Waves using Rotating Electric Fields
<p>Spiral waves pinned to obstacles cause self-perpetuating abnormal activation in the heart leading to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. To bring the heart back to its normal rhythm, the pinned spirals have to be eliminated. Apart from globally resetting shocks, pulsed and rotating electric fields are known to unpin the spirals using the method of wave emission from heterogeneties, with much lower voltage. Here, we provide a robust mechanism for termination of the pinned spiral waves using a rotating electric field. We show that the termination always happens within the first rotation of the electric field. For a given obstacle size, there exists a threshold time period of rotating field below which the spiral can always be terminated. Our analytical formulation accurately predicts this threshold and explains the absence of traditional unpinning window with the rotating electric field. Since the rotating electric field requires much lower field strength, this study may influence future low-energy defibrillation techniques.</p>
Introduction to and application of synchronization theory
<p><strong>Abstract of the lecture</strong></p> <p>In nature, oscillations are one of the main forms of motion and these oscillating systems are not isolated. So, they interact, communicate in different kinds of complex ways. With this, synchronization is the most fundamental phenomenon exhibited by these systems. In the first part this talk, the basics of synchronization theory will be discussed. Applications of synchronization theory will be demonstrated in different engineering and natural systems, in the second part of my lecture. The engineering systems include thermoacoustic system, aeroelastic system, and natural circulation loop. Through these applications, we will discuss how synchronization theory helps not only describing different transitional phenomena but also indicating the possible control measures.</p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <ol> <li>Mondal, S., Unni, V. R., & Sujith, R. I. (2017). Onset of thermoacoustic instability in turbulent combustors: an emergence of synchronized periodicity through formation of chimera-like states. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 811, 659.</li> <li>Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2017). Synchronous behaviour of two interacting oscillatory systems undergoing quasiperiodic route to chaos. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 27(10), 103119.</li> <li>Thomas, N., Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2018). Effect of time-delay and dissipative coupling on amplitude death in coupled thermoacoustic oscillators. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 28(3), 033119.</li> <li>Dange, S., Manoj, K., Banerjee, S., Pawar, S. A., Mondal, S., & Sujith, R. I. (2019). Oscillation quenching and phase-flip bifurcation in coupled thermoacoustic systems. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 29(9), 093135.</li> <li>Raaj, A., Venkatramani, J., & Mondal, S. (2019). Synchronization of pitch and plunge motions during intermittency route to aeroelastic flutter. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 29(4), 043129.</li> <li>Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2019). Forced synchronization and asynchronous quenching of periodic oscillations in a thermoacoustic system. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 864, 73-96.</li> <li>Roy, A., Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2020). On the mechanism of open-loop control of thermoacoustic instability in a laminar premixed combustor. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 884.</li> </ol>
Input data for the Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) benchmark
<p>This is the input data used in Wakebench MOST benchmark.</p> <p> </p>
Predicting Nanoparticle Uptake by Biological Membranes: Theory and Simulation - data
<p>Simulation data described in paper entitled "Predicting Nanoparticle Uptake by Biological Membranes: Theory and Simulation"</p>
Data from: Life-history theory provides a framework for detecting resource limitation: a test of the Nutritional Buffer Hypothesis
<p>For ungulates and other long-lived species, life-history theory predicts that nutritional reserves are allocated to reproduction in a state-dependent manner because survival is highly conserved. Further, as per-capita food abundance and nutritional reserves decline (i.e., density-dependence intensifies), reproduction and recruitment become increasingly sensitive to weather. Thus, the degree to which weather influences vital rates should be associated with proximity to nutritional carrying capacity—a notion that we refer to as the Nutritional Buffer Hypothesis. We tested the Nutritional Buffer Hypothesis using six moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) populations that varied in calf recruitment (33-69 calves/ 100 cows). We predicted that populations with high calf recruitment were nutritionally buffered against the effects of unfavorable weather, and thus were below nutritional carrying capacity. We applied a suite of tools to quantify habitat and nutritional condition of each population and found that increased browse condition, forage quality, and body fat were associated with increased pregnancy and calf recruitment, thereby providing multiple lines of evidence that declines in calf recruitment were underpinned by resource limitation. From 2001 to 2015, recruitment was more sensitive to interannual variation in weather (e.g., winter severity, drought) and plant phenology (e.g., duration of spring) for populations with reduced browse condition, forage quality, and body fat, suggesting these populations lacked the nutritional reserves necessary to buffer demographic performance against the effects of unfavorable weather. Further, average within-population calf recruitment was determined by regional climatic variation, suggesting that the pattern of reduced recruitment near the southern range boundary of moose stems from an interaction between climate and resource limitation. When coupled with information on habitat, nutrition, weather, and climate, life-history theory provides a framework to estimate nutritional limitation, proximity to nutritional carrying capacity, and impacts of climate change for ungulates.</p>
Do children learn from their mistakes? A registered report evaluating error-based theories of language acquisition
<p>Error-based theories of language acquisition suggest that children, like adults, continuously make and evaluate predictions in order to reach an adult-like state of language use. However, while these theories have become extremely influential, their central claim - that unpredictable input leads to higher rates of lasting change in linguistic representations – has scarcely been tested. We designed a prime surprisal-based intervention study to assess this claim.</p> <p>As predicted, both 5- to 6-year-old children (n=72) and adults (n=72) showed a pre- to post-test shift towards producing the dative syntactic structure they were exposed to in surprising sentences. The effect was significant in both age groups together, and in the child group separately when participants with ceiling performance in the pre-test were excluded. Secondary predictions were not upheld: there were no verb-based learning effects and there was only reliable evidence for immediate prime surprisal effects in the adult, but not in the child group. To our knowledge this is the first published study demonstrating enhanced learning rates for the same syntactic structure when it appeared in surprising as opposed to predictable contexts, thus providing crucial support for error-based theories of language acquisition.</p>
Theories and Principles of Bilingual Education
<p>This annotated bibliography discusses chapters from three books (<em>Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, Immersion Education: International Perspectives, </em>and <em>Literacy and Bilingualism: A Handbook for All Teachers)</em> and an article entitled <em>Biliteracy, Empowerment, and Transformative Pedagogy.</em> The academic works discussed are mainly about theories and principles of bilingualism, bilingual education, and immersion education which relate to second/foreign language teaching in different contexts.</p>
Renormalisation of the energy-momentum tensor in three-dimensional scalar SU(N) theories using the Wilson flow -- data release
<p>This repository contains the lattice two-point function measurements required to reproduce the results of the paper "Renormalisation of the energy-momentum tensor in three-dimensional scalar SU(N) theories using the Wilson flow" (<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.14767">https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.14767</a>).</p> <p>The code required to perform the data analysis can be found in <a href="https://github.com/josephleekl/scalar_emt_analysis">https://github.com/josephleekl/scalar_emt_analysis</a>.</p> <p>For any questions please get in touch: joseph.lee@ed.ac.uk </p>
Endurance and Avoidance Response Patterns in Pain Patients: Application of Action Control Theory in Pain Research
<p>Identifying pain-related response patterns and understanding underlying functional mechanisms of symptom formation and recovery are essential steps for tailoring interventions to increase the effectiveness of treatment. The focus of this study thus was to replicate pain-related avoidance and endurance response patterns associated with the Fear-Avoidance Model (FAM) and Avoidance-Endurance Model (AEM) by means of latent profile analysis. Apart from the analysis of primary and other secondary characteristics of the pain response profiles, we especially analyzed the influence of stress and action control as covariates in accordance with Action Control Theory (ACT).</p>
On the Practitioners' Understanding of Coupling Smells -- A Grey Literature Based Grounded-Theory Study: Dataset and Code
<p>This is the dataset and related code artifact for the article "On the Practitioners' Understanding of Coupling Smells -- A Grey Literature Based Grounded-Theory Study".</p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract of the article:</p> <p> </p> <p>Context: Code and design smells, such as the coupling smells examined in this article, are widely studied. Existing empirical studies reveal gaps between the scientific theory and practice, not yet explained by the scientific literature. Only basic coupling smell detection approaches and metrics seem to have been transferred to practice so far.</p> <p> </p> <p>Objective: This article aims to study the current practitioner's understanding of coupling smells.</p> <p> </p> <p>Method: Based on grey literature sources containing practitioner views on coupling smells, we performed a Grounded Theory (GT) study. We used UML-based modeling to precisely encode our findings and performed a rigorous analysis of our codes and models.</p> <p> </p> <p>Results: Our results are defining factors of coupling smells, as well as smell impacts, trade-offs, relationships to other smells, relationships to practices and patterns, and fix options as perceived by practitioners. We further identified gaps in the understanding of coupling smells between science and practice, and derived opportunities and challenges for future scientific work.</p> <p> </p> <p>Conclusions: Five lessons are presented as opportunities and challenges for future research. Our results can help scientists to get a better understanding of practitioner concerns, and practitioners to get an overview of the current perception of other practitioners on coupling smells.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from Understanding X-ray spectroscopy of carbonaceous materials by combining experiments, density functional theory and machine learning. Parts I and II.
<p>Understanding X-ray spectroscopy of carbonaceous materials by combining experiments, density functional theory, and machine learning; Parts I and II.</p> <p>This data-set is published in Refs. [1-2] and it is now made openly accessible. The data-set consists of computational X-ray spectroscopy fingerprints of plain and functionalized amorphous carbon. This data can be used in interpretation of experimental spectroscopy data (XAS and XPS). The spectra are averages of certain atomic environments, that are described in the publications. Standard deviation is included in the third column. Please, feel free to use the data-set, and if you do so, remember to cite Refs. [1-2] and this source. If there are any questions, please contact the corresponding author. </p> <p> </p> <p>[1] A. Aarva, V. L. Deringer, S. Sainio, T. Laurila, andM. A. Caro, “Understanding X-ray spectroscopy of carbonaceous materials by combining experiments, density functional theory, and machine learning. Part I: Fingerprint spectra,” Chem. Mater. 31, 9243–9255 (2019).</p> <p>[2] A. Aarva, V. L. Deringer, S. Sainio, T. Laurila, andM. A. Caro, “Understanding X-ray spectroscopy of carbonaceous materials by combining experiments, density functional theory, and machine learning. Part II: Quantitative fitting of spectra,” Chem. Mater. 31, 9256–9267(2019).</p> <p> </p> <p>Funding and resources for the work are acknowledged as follows:</p> <p>Funding from the Academy of Finland (project no.285526) and the computational resources provided for this project by CSC – IT Center for Science are gratefully acknowledged. M. A. C. acknowledges personal funding from the Academy of Finland under project no. 310574.V. L. D. acknowledges a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship and support from the Isaac Newton Trust. M. A. C.and V. L. D. are grateful for travelling support from the HPC-Europa3 program under the auspices of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 framework (grant agreement no. 730897). Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract no. DE-AC02-76SF00515. S. S. acknowledges personal funding from Instrumentarium Science Foundation and the Walter Ahlström Foundation.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Applying modern coexistence theory to priority effects
Modern coexistence theory is increasingly used to explain how differences between competing species lead to coexistence versus competitive exclusion. Although research testing this theory has focused on deterministic cases of competitive exclusion, in which the same species always wins, mounting evidence suggests that competitive exclusion is often historically contingent, such that whichever species happens to arrive first excludes the other. Coexistence theory predicts that historically contingent exclusion, known as priority effects, will occur when large destabilizing differences (positive frequency-dependent growth rates of competitors), combined with small fitness differences (differences in competitors' intrinsic growth rates and sensitivity to competition), create conditions under which neither species can invade an established population of its competitor. Here we extend the empirical application of modern coexistence theory to determine the conditions that promote priority effects. We conducted pairwise invasion tests with four strains of nectar-colonizing yeasts to determine how the destabilizing and fitness differences that drive priority effects are altered by two abiotic factors characterizing the nectar environment: sugar concentration and pH. We found that higher sugar concentrations increased the likelihood of priority effects by reducing fitness differences between competing species. In contrast, higher pH did not change the likelihood of priority effects, but instead made competition more neutral by bringing both fitness differences and destabilizing differences closer to zero. This study demonstrates how the empirical partitioning of priority effects into fitness and destabilizing components can elucidate the pathways through which environmental conditions shape competitive interactions.
Data from: Critically evaluating the theory and performance of Bayesian analyis of macroevolutionary mixtures
Bayesian analysis of macroevolutionary mixtures (BAMM) has recently taken the study of lineage diversification by storm. BAMM estimates the diversification-rate parameters (speciation and extinction) for every branch of a study phylogeny and infers the number and location of diversification-rate shifts across branches of a tree. Our evaluation of BAMM reveals two major theoretical errors: (i) the likelihood function (which estimates the model parameters from the data) is incorrect, and (ii) the compound Poisson process prior model (which describes the prior distribution of diversification-rate shifts across branches) is incoherent. Using simulation, we demonstrate that these theoretical issues cause statistical pathologies; posterior estimates of the number of diversification-rate shifts are strongly influenced by the assumed prior, and estimates of diversification-rate parameters are unreliable. Moreover, the inability to correctly compute the likelihood or to correctly specify the prior for rate-variable trees precludes the use of Bayesian approaches for testing hypotheses regarding the number and location of diversification-rate shifts using BAMM.
Data from: Why does offspring size affect performance? Integrating metabolic scaling with life-history theory
Within species, larger offspring typically outperform smaller offspring. While the relationship between offspring size and performance is ubiquitous, the cause of this relationship remains elusive. By linking metabolic and life-history theory, we provide a general explanation for why larger offspring perform better than smaller offspring. Using high-throughput respirometry arrays, we link metabolic rate to offspring size in two species of marine bryozoan. We found that metabolism scales allometrically with offspring size in both species: while larger offspring utilise absolutely more energy than smaller offspring, larger offspring use proportionally less of their maternally-derived energy throughout the dependent, non-feeding phase. The increased metabolic efficiency of larger offspring while dependent on maternal investment may explain offspring size effects –larger offspring reach nutritional independence (feed for themselves) with a higher proportion of energy relative to structure than smaller offspring. These findings offer a potentially universal explanation for why larger offspring tend to perform better than smaller offspring but studies on other taxa are needed.
Data from: Applying community ecological theory to maximize productivity of cultivated biocrusts
Degraded rangelands around the world may benefit from the reestablishment of lost biological soil crusts (biocrusts, soil surface cryptogamic-microbial communities). Cultivation of biocrust organisms is the first step in this process, and may benefit from harnessing species interactions. Species interactions are a dominant force structuring ecological communities. One key element of community structure, species richness, is itself important because it can promote the productivity of the entire community. Here, we use biological soil crusts as a model to test the effects of species interactions on production of biocrust materials for use in ecosystem rehabilitation. We screened eight different moss and lichen species from semi-arid rangelands of Montana, USA, for growth potential under two watering regimes. Mosses generally grew well, but we were unable to cultivate the selected lichen species. We produced a >400% increase in the biomass of one species (Ceratodon purpureus). We tested whether a parasite-host relationship between two lichens could be used to enhance productivity of the parasite species, but this also resulted in no net gain of lichen productivity. Finally, we constructed all possible community combinations from a pool of five moss species to test for overyielding (community productivity exceeding that expected from the growth of community members in monoculture), and to determine both if, and the mode in which, species richness increases productivity. Polycultures yielded more than would be expected based upon the production of community constituents in monoculture. Using structural equation models we determined that there was a modest effect of species richness on community productivity (r = 0.24-0.25), which was independent of a stronger effect of the identity of species in the community (r = 0.41-0.50). These results will contribute to the optimization of biocrust cultivation, promoting the development of this emerging ecological rehabilitation technology.
Data from: Cross-biome patterns in soil microbial respiration predictable from evolutionary theory on thermal adaptation
Climate warming may stimulate microbial metabolism of soil carbon, causing a carbon cycle-climate feedback whereby carbon is redistributed from soil to atmospheric CO2. The magnitude of this feedback is uncertain, in part because warming-induced shifts in microbial physiology and/or community composition could retard or accelerate soil carbon losses. Here, we measure microbial respiration rates for soils collected from 22 sites in each of three years, at locations spanning boreal to tropical climates. Respiration was measured in the laboratory with standard temperatures, moisture and excess carbon substrate, to allow physiological and community effects to be detected independent from the influence of these abiotic controls. Patterns in respiration for soils collected across the climate gradient are consistent with evolutionary theory on physiological responses that compensate for positive effects of temperature on metabolism. Respiration rates per unit microbial biomass were as much as 2.6-times higher for soils sampled from sites with a mean annual temperature (MAT) of -2.0 versus 21.7ºC. Subsequent 100-day incubations suggested differences in the plasticity of the thermal response among microbial communities, with communities sampled from sites with higher MAT having a more plastic response. Our findings are consistent with adaptive metabolic responses to contrasting thermal regimes that are also observed in plants and animals. These results may help build confidence in soil carbon-climate feedback projections by improving understanding of microbial processes represented in biogeochemical models.
Model for Function Theory by L. Brill
* It was manufactured by the Darmstadt publishing company of Ludwig Brill. * (метка Р99) Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.