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Fig. 5 in A new thalassematid echiuran worm from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank Biota of Wales, UK

Fig. 5. Reconstruction of Llwygarua suzannae gen. et sp. nov.; observed size range: 5.5 to 7 mm long.

Fig. 1. A in A new thalassematid echiuran worm from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank Biota of Wales, UK

Fig. 1. A. Location of Castle Bank within Wales (highlighted within UK, inset). B. Stratigraphic position within the sequence of the Builth-Llandrindod Inlier. Asterisk indicates Castle Bank locality.

Fig. 3 in A new thalassematid echiuran worm from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank Biota of Wales, UK

Fig. 3. Thalassematid echiuran Llwygarua suzannae gen. et sp. nov., from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of Castle Bank, Wales, UK, paratype NMW.2021.3G.100. A1, overall view; A2, close up showing detail of central region of trunk, with muscle arrangement of longitudinal and oblique muscle bundles (arrowed); A3, proboscis with anterior projections arrowed, A5, close up showing reticulate structure; A4, caudal region with irregular structures possibly resulting from damage.

Fig. 4 in A new thalassematid echiuran worm from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank Biota of Wales, UK

Fig. 4. Thalassematid echiuran Llwygarua suzannae gen. et sp. nov., from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of Castle Bank, Wales, UK, NMW.2021.3G.101. A1, overall view of worm in probably dorsal view; A2, proboscis and midline structures; A3, detail of apex of proboscis, the anterior projections faintly visible (arrowed); A4, counterpart of A1; A5, close up of A4 showing caudal region.

Fig. 2 in A new thalassematid echiuran worm from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank Biota of Wales, UK

Fig. 2. Recent thalassematid echiuran (A) and a fossil equivalent (B). A.?Ochetostoma sp., highlighting significant features for comparison with the fossils (photograph courtesy of Arthur Anker), typical length 10–20 cm. B. Holotype of Llwygarua suzannae gen. et sp. nov., from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of Castle Bank, Wales, UK, NMW.2021.3G.99 showing overall specimen in slightly oblique lateral view (B1); enlargement with anterior ventral part of trunk (B4), showing one anterior seta (white arrow) and probably second seta (black arrow); detail of proboscis in cross-polarised light (B5), showing reticulate structure and anterior projections adjacent to midline; central region of trunk with distinctive wrinkling of cuticle in response to compression (B2), and proboscis in plane-polarised light (B3), with anterior projections arrowed.

Fig. 6 in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 6. Raphistomatid gastropod Ceratopea? moridunensis sp. nov. from the Floian, Lower Ordovician Bolahaul Member of the Ogof Hên Formation, DanlanyCastell quarry, Wales, UK. A. NMW 2017.15G.71, holotype in dorsal (A1) and near apertural (A2) views. B. NMW 2017.15G.72, silicon cast in dorsal view, showing the curvature of the aperture. C. NMW 2017.15G.73, internal mould in dorsal view, showing the flangelike peripheral carina in the early whorls. D. NMW 2017.15G.74, internal mould in dorsal view, with partially preserved distorted shell. E. NMW 2017.15G.76, natural cross section, showing the shape of the lower parts and base of the whorls. F. NMW 2017.15G.75, initial whorls in dorsal view, showing their convexity. G. NMW 2017.15G.77, uncompressed partial specimen in ventral (G1) and ventral oblique (G2) views, showing shape of ornamentation and the wrinkled appearance of comarginal bands. H. NMW 2017.15G.78, silicon cast of ventral side in ventral view (H1), ornamentation and details (H2, H3), umbilical morphology (H4). I. NMW 2017.15G.79, large partial specimen in ventral view, showing the wrinkled appearance of the ornamentation. The arrow points to a bivalve. Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 2 in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 2. Carcassonellid tergomyan Carcassonnella cf. vizcainoi Horný and Peel, 1996 from the Floian, Lower Ordovician Bolahaul Member of the Ogof Hên Formation, DanlanyCastell quarry, Wales, UK. A. NMW 2017.15G.1, silicon cast, in lateral (A1), posterior oblique (A2), and ventral (A3) views. B. NMW 2017.15G.2, internal mould in lateral view. Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 5 in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 5. Onychochilid mimospiridan Catalanispira prima sp. nov. from the Floian, Lower Ordovician, Bolahaul Member of the Ogof Hên Formation, DanlanyCastell quarry, Wales, UK. A. NMW 2017.15G.68, internal mould, in dorsal (A1), dorsal oblique (A2), and lateral (A3) views. B. NMW 2017.15G.67, silicon cast of the holotype in dorsal (B1) and dorsal oblique (B2) views. C. NMW 2017.15G.69, internal mould, in dorsal (C1) and anterior (C2) views, the latter shows the apertural plane oriented parallel to bedding plane. D. NMW 2017.15G.70, internal mould, in dorsal (D1), lateral (D2), and apertural (D3) views, the last shows original shape of the conch, the umbilical wall is preserved in the last whorl (arrowed). Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 1. A in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 1. A. Moridunian stratigraphy (after Fortey and Owens 1978). B–D. Simplified maps of Wales (B), the southeastern part of the country (C), and the area south of Carmarthen (D) showing the location of the study area and outcrop. E. Simplified geological map with position of the DanlanyCastell quarry (modified from Cope 1982).

Fig. 7 in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 7. Raphistomatid gastropod Ceratopea? moridunensis sp. nov. from the Floian, Lower Ordovician Bolahaul Member of the Ogof Hên Formation, DanlanyCastell quarry, Wales, UK. A. NMW 2017.15G.80; A1, overview of slab with four specimens in ventral views; A2, specimen with preserved wrinkled shell (white arrow in A1); A3, specimen (black arrow in A1) showing the flangelike peripheral carina (arrowhead). Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 4 in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 4. Clisospirid mimospiridan Mimospira llangynogensis sp. nov. from the Floian, Lower Ordovician Bolahaul Member of the Ogof Hên Formation, DanlanyCastell quarry, Wales, UK. A. NMW 2017.15G.58, holotype, laterally flattened internal mould in apertural (A1) and lateral (A2, A3) views. B. NMW 2017.15G.59, latex cast of external (B1) and internal (B2) mould. C. NMW 2017.15G.60i, ii, two specimens partly preserved as external and internal moulds (C1); counterpart of the internal mould (arrow in C1) showing its base (C2). D. NMW 2017.15G.61, silicon cast of external mould, showing ornamentation and sutures. E. NMW 2017.15G.62, internal mould, arrow points to excavated ledge along the base. Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 3 in A low diversity Sinuites gastropod community from the Floian, Early Ordovician, of South Wales

Fig. 3. Sinuitid bellerophontid Sinuites ramseyensis (Hicks, 1873) from the Floian, Lower Ordovician Bolahaul Member of the Ogof Hên Formation, DanlanyCastell quarry, Wales, UK. A. NMW 2017.15G.3, deformed shell in left lateral (A1), posterior oblique (A2), and anterior oblique (A3) views. Note the twisted and compacted median sinus seen as a line in A1 and A3. B. NMW 2017.15G.4, anterolateral shield in right lateral view. C. NMW 2017.15G.5, large, slightly dorsoventrally flattened specimen in left lateral (C1) and dorsal (C2) views, showing median anterior sinus well. D. NMW 2017.15G.6, natural cross section in ventral view, showing the shape of the whorls. E. NMW 2017.15G.7, specimen in left lateral view (E1), showing the external mould of the initial whorls and the internal mould of the last whorl; details of the ornamentation as seen on the external mould (E2). Scale bars 5 mm.

Figure 6a–f in Iphimedia poorei, a new species of Iphimediidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the New South Wales Australian coast

Figure 6a–f. Iphimedia poorei sp. nov., holotype, female 5.2 mm. a) pereopod 6; b) uropod 2; c) uropod 1; d) uropod 3; e) telson; f) pereopod 7. Scale bars: a, f) 500 μm; b–e) 100 μm.

Figure 2a–e in Iphimedia poorei, a new species of Iphimediidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the New South Wales Australian coast

Figure 2a–e. Iphimedia poorei sp. nov., holotype, female 5.2 mm. a) antenna 1; b) antenna 2; c) maxilla 1; d) apex of maxilla 2; e) outline of maxilla 2. Scale bars: a–e) 100 μm.

Figure 5a–d in Iphimedia poorei, a new species of Iphimediidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the New South Wales Australian coast

Figure 5a–d. Iphimedia poorei sp. nov., holotype, female 5.2 mm. a) pereopod 3; b) pereopod 4; c) pereopod 5; d) pleopod 1. Scale bars: a–c) 500 μm; d) 100 μm.

Figure 1a–h in Iphimedia poorei, a new species of Iphimediidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the New South Wales Australian coast

Figure 1a–h. Iphimedia poorei sp. nov., holotype, female 5.2 mm. a) left side of habitus; b) dorsal view; c) hypopharynx (lower lip); d) left mandible; e) right mandible; f) palp of left mandible; g) palp of right mandible; h) labrum (upper lip). Scale bars: a–b) 1 mm; c–h) 100 μm.

Figure 4a–f in Iphimedia poorei, a new species of Iphimediidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the New South Wales Australian coast

Figure 4a–f. Iphimedia poorei sp. nov., holotype, female 5.2 mm. a) gnathopod 1; b) chela of gnathopod 1; c) chela of gnathopod 2; d) gnathopod 2 (seta on chela omitted); e–f) broken off carpus to dactylus of pereopods. Scale bars: a, d, e–f) 500 μm; b–c) 100 μm.

Figure 3a–d in Iphimedia poorei, a new species of Iphimediidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the New South Wales Australian coast

Figure 3a–d. Iphimedia poorei sp. nov., holotype, female 5.2 mm. a) outline of maxilliped; b) outer plate of maxilliped; c) inner plate of maxilliped; d) palp of maxilliped. Scale bars: a–d) 100μm.

FIGURE 7 in Teganium (Porifera, Hexactinellida) from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank fauna of Avalonia (Wales, UK)

FIGURE 7. Palaeogeographic distributions of species of Teganium (all species in B originally assigned to Teganiella). A, Ordovician (Sandbian, 458 Ma). B, Carboniferous (Visean, 340 Ma). Map constructed using GPlates (Müller et al. 2018) using data from Torsvik & Cocks (2016). Does not include unconfirmed taxa listed by Ruedemann (1925b, 1934, 1942).

FIGURE 6 in Teganium (Porifera, Hexactinellida) from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank fauna of Avalonia (Wales, UK)

FIGURE 6. Teganium sp., from the Middle Ordovician Castle Bank Biota, Wales. A, NMW.2021.3G.76i and ii, overall view, with positions of detail images indicated by boxes (all rotated). B, apex of NMW.2021.3G.76i, apex of sponge showing extensive marginalia; C, detail of body wall showing characteristic texture (boxed area enlarged inset); D, apex of NMW.2021.3G.76ii, with oscular margin and trace of marginalia. Scale bars: A equals 10 mm; B–D equal 1 mm.