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Fig. 6 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 6. Skeletal features of morphological variability of the phymaraphiniid sponge Pickettispongia tabelliformis (Chapmann and Crespin, 1934), from the Fitzgerald River National Park (A–D, Doyle Road; E–I, Hamersley River area), Australia, upper Eocene. A. Upper surface showing ectosomal discotriaenes; between them rhizoclone-like modified desmas are visible, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A839. B. General view of the choanosomal skeleton with canal openings, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A823. C. Detailed view of choanosomal skeleton surface showing trider desmas and their articulations, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A823. D. Surface of choanosomal skeleton showing trider with hemispherical central tubercle, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A823. E. Slightly eroded surface of the choanosomal skeleton showing densely distributed canal openings, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.914. F. Details of triders showing variability in sculpture of desmas, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.825. G. Oblique view of triders showing articulations, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.914. H, I. Details of trider sculpture. H. ZPAL Pf. 14/st.914. I. ZPAL Pf. 14/st.913.

Fig. 3 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 3. Morphological variability of the phymaraphiniid sponge Twertupia subglabra (Chapmann and Crespin, 1934) from the Fitzgerald River National Park (A, Doyle Road; B–D, F, G, J, K, Twertup area; E, H, I, Hamersley River area), Australia, upper Eocene. A. ZPAL Pf. 14/1. B. ZPAL Pf. 14/2. C. WAM 2023.2a. D. ZPAL Pf. 14/3. E. ZPAL Pf. 14/4. F. ZPAL Pf. 14/5. G. ZPAL Pf. 14/6. H. ZPAL Pf. 14/7. I. ZPAL Pf. 14/8. J. WAM 2023.2b. K. ZPAL Pf. 14/9.

Fig. 9 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 9. Geographic distribution of extant and fossil representatives of the demosponge family Phymaraphiniidae.

Fig. 8 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 8. Choanosomal desma skeleton of the extant phymaraphiniid sponge Kaliapis incrustans (Vacelet and Vasseur, 1971) from Madagascar, MNHN E531, Tu63, composed of trider desmas.

Fig. 5 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 5. Morphological variability of the phymaraphiniid sponge Pickettispongia tabelliformis (Chapmann and Crespin, 1934) from the Fitzgerald River National Park (B, Doyle Road; A, C Hamersley River area), Australia, upper Eocene. A. Opposite side views (A1, A2) and transverse section (A3) showing narrow slit in the middle, WAM 2023.3/a. B. ZPAL PF. 14/10. C. Opposite side views (C1, C2) and transverse section (C3) showing narrow slit in the middle, ZPAL Pf. 14/11.

Fig. 2 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 2. Specimens of phymaraphiniid sponges illustrated by Chapman and Crespin (1934) and Laubenfels (1953). A, B. Type material of Twertupia subglabra (Chapman and Crespin, 1934) (originally Thamnospongia subglabra; Chapman and Crespin 1934: pl. 9: 17, 18), Hamersley River area, Australia, upper Eocene. A. Holotype, GSWA H1. B. Paratype GSWA H16. C, D. Twertupia subglabra (originally Stachyspongia neoclavatella; Laubenfels 1953: text-fig. 2A right and left), SW Australia, exact locality unknown, upper Eocene, WA23732 (two different specimens with the same collection number). E. Type material of Pickettispongia tabelliformis (Chapman and Crespin, 1934) (originally Discodermia tabelliformis; Chapman and Crespin 1934: pl. 7: 7), Hamersley River area, Australia, upper Eocene. GSWA 1/3966, E1, E2, opposite surface views, E3, section view.

Fig. 4 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 4. Skeletal features of the phymaraphiniid sponge Twertupia subglabra (Chapmann and Crespin, 1934), from the Fitzgerald River National Park (A, B, F, H, Doyle Road; C, D, E, G, I, Hamersley River area), Australia, upper Eocene. A. Upper surface showing ectosomal disco/phyllotriaenes; between them rhizoclone-like modified desmas are visible, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A822. B. General view of the choanosomal skeleton with canal openings, ZPAL Pf. 14/ st.A819. C. Detailed view of choanosomal skeleton surface showing trider desmas and their sculpture in oblique view, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.906. D. Surface of choanosomal skeleton showing development of the secondary skeleton composed of flattened modified triders covering canal openings, ZPAL Pf. 14/ st.906. E. Young trider desma partly incorporated into the skeleton, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A743. F. Surface of choanosomal skeleton showing variable sculpturing of the triders, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A819. G. Details of trider sculpture and articulations, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.906. H, I. Trider sculpture variability. H. ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A748. I. ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A821.

Fig. 1 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 1. Palaeogeography of the Eocene in SW Australia (A) and location of investigated sections (B, stars). Eocene sediment shaded. Based on Gammon et al. (2000b).

Fig. 7 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 7. Loose spicules of the extant phymaraphiniid sponge Kaliapsis incrustans (Vacelet and Vasseur, 1971) from Madagascar, MNHN E531, Tu63. A–C. Microrhabds. D, E. Amphiasters. F–J. Ectosomal phyllotriaenes in top (F–H, note tuberculation) and lower surface views (I, J, note short rhabd).

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Figure 1 in Quantifying scientific significance of a fossil site: the Gogo Fossil sites (Late Devonian, Western Australia) as a case study

Figure 1. Map showing area covering the Gogo Formation site localities (geology taken from Long and Trinajstic, 2010, figure 1).

Figure 3A–D. A. Hebella costata. Hydrotheca with proximal corrugations. B, C. Diphasia digitalis. B, branched stem. C, stem internode with opposite hydrothecae. D in Some hydroids (Hydrozoa: Hydroidolina) from Dampier, Western Australia: annotated list with description of two new species.

Figure 3A–D. A. Hebella costata. Hydrotheca with proximal corrugations. B, C. Diphasia digitalis. B, branched stem. C, stem internode with opposite hydrothecae. D. Halopteris glutinosa. Hydrocladial athecate and thecate internodes. Scale bar, mm: A, 0.5. B, 1.0. C, D, 0.25.

Figure 2A–F in Some hydroids (Hydrozoa: Hydroidolina) from Dampier, Western Australia: annotated list with description of two new species.

Figure 2A–F. Halecium corpulatum sp. nov. A, holotype colony. B, linear series of hydrophores. C, branching of stem. D, dichotomous branching of hydrophores from below a hydrotheca showing basal thickening below hydrotheca. E, male gonotheca. F, hyranth (preserved material). Scale bar, mm: A, 25. B, D, 0.2.C, E, F, 0.5.

Figure 1A–G. A in Some hydroids (Hydrozoa: Hydroidolina) from Dampier, Western Australia: annotated list with description of two new species.

Figure 1A–G. A. Eudendrium racemosum from photograph of whole colony. B. Filellum serratum, regenerated hydrotheca. C, D. Lafoeina amirantensis. C, small hydrotheca and nematotheca on hydrorhiza. D, large hydrotheca. E–G. Halecium?tenellum. E, unbranched stem. F, basally annulated hydrophore. G, hydrotheca with strongly everted rim and desmocytes. Scale bar, mm: A, 20. B, C, E, F, G, 0.2. D. 0.1.

Figure 4A–E. A in Some hydroids (Hydrozoa: Hydroidolina) from Dampier, Western Australia: annotated list with description of two new species.

Figure 4A–E. A. Plumularia fragilia sp. nov., holotype colony. B, stem internodes and alternate hydrocladia. C, proximal part of hydrocladium and apophysis with axial nematothecae. D, hydrocladium with athecate and thecate internodes. E. Plumularia bedoti. Distal part of hydrocladium with developing anastomose. F. Lytocarpia delicatula. Two hydrocladial hydrothecae. Scale bar, mm: A 10. B, 1.0. C–F, 0.2

Figure 3 in Deep-sea majoid crabs of the genera Oxypleurodon and Rochinia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae) mostly from the continental margin of Western Australia

Figure 3. Rochinia annae sp. nov. Male left pleopod 1 (paratype WAM C400531). a, anterior view. b, detail of tip, anterior view. c, detail of tip, posterior view.

Figure 1 in Deep-sea majoid crabs of the genera Oxypleurodon and Rochinia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae) mostly from the continental margin of Western Australia

Figure 1. Lateral and dorsal views, scale = 5 mm. a, Oxypleurodon luzonicum (female, NMV J58221). b, Oxypleurodon wilsoni sp. nov. (holotype, WAM C400259). c, Rochinia annae sp. nov. (holotype, WAM C400531). d, Rochinia carinata (male, NMV J53872).

Figure 2 in Deep-sea majoid crabs of the genera Oxypleurodon and Rochinia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae) mostly from the continental margin of Western Australia

Figure 2. Lateral and dorsal views, scale = 5 mm. a, Rochinia fultoni (female, NMV J4730). b, Rochinia pulchra (female, NMV J55947). c, Rochinia sibogae (male, NMV J58142). d, Rochinia strangeri (female, NMV J55427).

Figure 1. Hoplostethus ravurictus n in A New Species of the Roughy Genus Hoplostethus (Trachichthyidae) off North-western Australia.

Figure 1. Hoplostethus ravurictus n. sp., holotype NMV A29668-002, 123 mm SL, Western Australia, Hedland, 407–404 m.

Figure 2. Hoplostethus ravurictus n in A New Species of the Roughy Genus Hoplostethus (Trachichthyidae) off North-western Australia.

Figure 2. Hoplostethus ravurictus n. sp.: (A) holotype, NMV A29668-002, 123 mm SL; (B) abdominal scutes; (C) anterior lateral line scale; (D) posterior lateral line scale; and, (E) scale from just below dorsal fin base. Scales from NTM S12734-005, paratype, 141 mm SL. Bar associated with scales equals 5 mm.