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Figure 4 in Geographic variation in select species of the bat genus Platyrrhinus
Figure 4. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of Platyrrhinus dorsalis obtained from the (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views of the cranium. Specimens of each group is represented by a dot (chocoensis: gray; dorsalis: red).
FIG. 1 in Analysis of Genomic Sequence Data Reveals the Origin and Evolutionary Separation of Hawaiian Hoary Bat Populations
FIG. 1.—Map of the Hawaiian Islands with collection sitesfor Hawaiian hoary bat tissues used inthis study. Sites with n> 1 are denoted with an asterisk.
FIG. 2 in Analysis of Genomic Sequence Data Reveals the Origin and Evolutionary Separation of Hawaiian Hoary Bat Populations
FIG. 2.—PCA result plot showing clustering of individual bats from four Hawaiian Islands using 21,808,031 SNPs. Sample information included in supplementary table S4, Supplementary Material online.
Figure 3 in Geographic variation in select species of the bat genus Platyrrhinus
Figure 3. Box plots of the centroid size by groups, showing dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of Platyrrhinus dorsalis, and dorsal (C) and (D) ventral views of P. umbratus. Groups: chocoensis = gray, dorsalis = red, nigellus = black,and umbratus = blue. Color box limits indicate the first (25 %) and third (75 %) quartile,the thick black line indicates the median centroid size, and open circles represent outliers.
FIG. 4 in Analysis of Genomic Sequence Data Reveals the Origin and Evolutionary Separation of Hawaiian Hoary Bat Populations
FIG. 4.—SNAPP-based phylogenetic tree inference. (A) The maximum clade credibility or consensus tree, showing approximate divergence of hoary bats across the Hawaiian archipelago. The axis on the bottom of the figure corresponds to million years before present (Ma), using the emergence of Hawai'i (~0.43 Ma) as a calibration point (95% confidence intervals were given in square brackets). (B) The drawing of all sampled trees showing all ingroup nodes were supported by maximum posterior probabilities (1.00).
Fig. 2 in Host-adapted Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in straw-colored fruit bats in Nigeria
Fig. 2. Genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. in strawcolored fruit bats by small subunit rRNA-based PCRRFLP. Upper panel: SspI RFLP patterns; lower panel: VspI RFLP patterns; M: 100-bp molecular markers; H: C. hominis positive control; P: C. parvum positive control; B1: Cryptosporidium bat genotype XIV; B2: Cryptosporidium bat genotype XV.
Fig. 4 in Host-adapted Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in straw-colored fruit bats in Nigeria
Fig. 4. Phylogeny of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in bats based on Bayesian inference analysis of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer of the rRNA gene. The posterior probability values are indicated on the branches. Red ones are E. bieneusi genotypes identified in straw-colored fruit bats in the present study. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Data from: Acoustic surveillance of bats along the Green and Colorado Rivers
<p><em>Aim</em>: Emerging research shows how bioindicators, specifically bats, can serve as a means for monitoring conservation and management of riparian corridors for multiple taxonomic groups. To track changes in composition or abundance of bioindicator species, researchers must attain a baseline in species presence and relative activity. We examined the spatial and temporal patterns of bat community composition and activity along a 1,000-mile river corridor to determine species diversity trends by latitude and habitat.</p> <p><em>Location</em>: Colorado River Basin</p> <p><em>Methods</em>: Here we describe the results from an acoustic bat survey conducted opportunistically on the 2019 Sesquicentennial Colorado River Exploring Expedition. This broad, 1,000-mile survey provides a baseline for species distributions over a large geographic range.</p> <p><em>Results</em>: In total, we collected 63 nights of acoustic data over 70-days and recorded over 59,000 files equating to 45,363 call files (≥2 pulses). 18,490 (41% of call files) were identified to species (n = 19 bat species). We applied non-metric multidimensional scaling to characterize spatiotemporal patterns of activity between species, as well as compared bat activity among river features and local environmental conditions (i.e., temperature and time since sunset) using an information theoretic approach.</p> <p><em>Conclusion</em>: Species composition varied by physiographic region and adjacent river habitat, thus providing a quantifiable measure of determining habitat quality along this major river system and providing baseline information for using bats as bioindicators of habitat quality</p>
Hierarchically embedded scales of movement shape the social networks of vampire bats
<p>Social structure can emerge from <em>hierarchically embedded scales of movement</em>, where movement at one scale is constrained within a larger scale (e.g., among branches, trees, forests). In most studies of animal social networks, some scales of movement are unobserved, and the relative importance of the observed scales of movement is unclear. Here, we asked: how does individual variation in movement, at multiple nested spatial scales, influence each individual's social connectedness? Using existing data from common vampire bats (<em>Desmodus rotundus</em>), we created an agent-based model of how three nested scales of movement—among roosts, clusters, and grooming partners—each influence a bat's grooming network centrality. In each of 10 simulations, virtual bats lacking social and spatial preferences moved at each scale at empirically-derived rates that were either fixed or individually variable and either independent or correlated across scales. We found the number of partners groomed per bat was driven more by within-roost movements than by roost switching, highlighting that co-roosting networks do not fully capture bat social structure. Simulations revealed how individual variation in movement at nested spatial scales can cause false discovery and misidentification of preferred social relationships. Our model provides several insights into how nonsocial factors shape social networks.</p>
Figure 3 in Distribution and roosting ecology of the lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickii Gray, 1831 (Chiroptera: Rhinopomatidae)
Figure 3. Map shows the distribution of lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickii. The locations of roost sites were abbreviated and shown in the map: 1) AGC – Agra, 2) SFA – Sangam Fort (Allahabad), 3) NTB – Neelkanth Temple Kalinjar (Banda), 4) BAC – Banda, 5) PKC – Purani kotwali (Chitrakoot), 6) AFE – Awagdh Fort (Etah), 7) FBC – Faizabad, 8) FPC – Fatehpur, 9) EPF – Edalpur (Firozabad), 10) JFJ– Jaunpur Fort (Jaunpur), 11) BMJ – Bukhara, Mauranipur (Jhansi), 12) JHC – Jhansi, 13) LPC – Lalitpur, 14) TFL – Talbahte Fort (Lalitpur), 15) KKL – Kakori (Lucknow), 16) TTM– Tirthankar Temple (Mahowa), 17) MFM – Mirzapur Fort (Mirzapur), 18) KBP – Khusaroo bagh, 19) RBC – Raebareli, 20) SPC – Sultanpur, 21) UNC – Unnao.
Plate 5 in Some noteworthy bat (Mammalia: Chiroptera) records from Manipur State, Northeastern India
Plate 5. Lateral, dorsal and ventral view of baculum of R. yunanensis specimen from Manipur (ZSIS423).
Fig. 3 in Trypanosoma madeirae sp. n.: A species of the clade T. cruzi associated with the neotropical common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic positioning of T. rotundus in the clade T. cruzi. ML phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated sequences of V7V8 SSU rRNA and gGAPDH genes (1.690 characters, –Ln = 8768.346166) from ten isolates of T. rotundus, other 29 bat trypanosomes, and 21 trypanosomes from other mammals. T. lewisi was used as outgroup. The numbers at the nodes correspond respectively to P, ML (500 replicates) and BI support values.
Fig. 2 in Trypanosoma madeirae sp. n.: A species of the clade T. cruzi associated with the neotropical common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus
Fig. 2. Barcoding (V7-V8 SSU rRNA sequences) of T. rotundus from cultures and bat blood samples, and its related species of the clade T. cruzi. Phylogenetic tree inferred by Parsimony using 93 (∼800 bp) of V7-V8 SSU rRNA sequences. The node numbers are bootstrap values derived from 500 replicates.
Fig. 1 in Trypanosoma madeirae sp. n.: A species of the clade T. cruzi associated with the neotropical common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus
Fig. 1. Geographical origin of Trypanosoma rotundus n. sp. isolates obtained by hemoculturing and archived blood samples from Desmodus rotundus captured in the following Brazilian states: PA, Pará; MG, Minas Gerais; ES, Espírito Santo; RJ, Rio de Janeiro; SP, São Paulo and SC, Santa Catarina.
Fig. 4 in Trypanosoma madeirae sp. n.: A species of the clade T. cruzi associated with the neotropical common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus
Fig. 4. Photomicrographs illustrative of the morphological diversity of culture forms of T. madeirae (isolate M3-209). (a) rosetes of epimastigotes, (b-d) flagellates resembling promastigotes forms, (d-h) epimastigotes (7 days), (i-k) large epimastigote forms under division, (l-m), large trypomastigotes, and (n) slender trypomastigotes (10 days). Giemsa stained. 1000x. K, kinetoplast, N, nucleus, F, flagellum. The scale bar indicates 10 μm.
Fig. 3. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I in Analysis of COI gene, prevalence, and intensity of the bat fly Cyclopodia greeffi on roosting straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum in Southwest Nigeria
Fig. 3. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequence phylogeny showing the relationship between Cyclopodia greeffi and other species of the same and different genera. Values obtained from Bayesian posterior are presented as supports at the nodes. BI – Bayesian posterior probability value.
Fig. 2. Cyclopodia greeffi. a in Analysis of COI gene, prevalence, and intensity of the bat fly Cyclopodia greeffi on roosting straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum in Southwest Nigeria
Fig. 2. Cyclopodia greeffi. a. Thorax, dorsal: ctenidia with thick blunt teeth. b, c, d. Abdomen ventral: b. sternite 1–2 bearing ctenidium, with about 40–44 blunt teeth; c. male, claspers long and slender, pigmented at the apex, fifth sternite with 8 spines; d. female, truncate abdomen, sternite with two curved rows of spine.
Fig. 6 in Analysis of COI gene, prevalence, and intensity of the bat fly Cyclopodia greeffi on roosting straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum in Southwest Nigeria
Fig. 6. Regression distribution plot of Cyclopodia greeffi infestation intensity on Eidolon helvum weight for both sexes and seasons.
Fig. 1. a, b, c. C in Analysis of COI gene, prevalence, and intensity of the bat fly Cyclopodia greeffi on roosting straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum in Southwest Nigeria
Fig. 1. a, b, c. C. greeffi parasites on the straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum. a. fur around the right side of shoulder and neck region; b. ventral side of the wing (patagium) region below the right forearm; c. ventral side of the abdominal region. Arrows are pointing to the location of the bat flies.
Fig. 5 in Analysis of COI gene, prevalence, and intensity of the bat fly Cyclopodia greeffi on roosting straw-coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum in Southwest Nigeria
Fig. 5. Density distribution plot of intensity of infestation of Cyclopodia greeffi on Eidolon helvum showing seasonal bimodal distribution.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.