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186 results for “disjunct distributions”
Figure 3. Dicellophilus carniolensis. A in Morphology and phylogeny of Dicellophilus, a centipede genus with a highly disjunct distribution (Chilopoda: Mecistocephalidae)
Figure 3. Dicellophilus carniolensis. A, head, dorsal view. B, right part of the maxillary complex, ventral view (detached from head). C, anterior part of head, dorsal view. D, clypeus and labrum, ventral view (maxillae removed). E, left antennal articles III–V, dorsal view. F, internal margin of left forcipule, dorsal view. G, last leg-bearing segment of an adult female, ventral view. H, left telopodite and medial projection of maxillae I, dorsal view (detached from head). I, left condylar process of forcipular coxosternum, dorsal view (head removed). Microscopic photographs and line drawings: ♀, 50-mm long, from Val di Nos, Italy; the detailed data for the specimen are presented in the Material and methods.
Figure 6 in Morphology and phylogeny of Dicellophilus, a centipede genus with a highly disjunct distribution (Chilopoda: Mecistocephalidae)
Figure 6. Dicellophilus carniolensis (A–F) and Dicellophilus pulcher (G). A, antennal article XIV, ventral view. B, club-like sensilla on antennal article XIV. C, medial part of labrum, dorsal view (maxillae and mandibles removed). D, part of the right side piece of the labrum, dorsal view. E, right mandible, anteromedial view (detached from head). F, lamellae of right mandible, medial view. G, tips of telopodites of second maxillae, ventral view. Arrowheads: a, club-like sensillum; b, mid-piece of labrum; c, marginal hair-like projections; d, mandible hair-like projections; e, first pectinate lamella of mandible; f, apical spinous tubercle of telopodite of maxillae II. SEM micrographs: A–D, D. carniolensis, ♀, 51-mm long, from Mara, Romania; E, F, D. carniolensis, ♀, 59-mm long, from Lăpuş Mts, Romania; G, D. pulcher, ♀, 38-mm long, from Shiobara, Japan; the detailed data for the specimens are presented in the Material and methods.
Figure 5. Dicellophilus pulcher. A in Morphology and phylogeny of Dicellophilus, a centipede genus with a highly disjunct distribution (Chilopoda: Mecistocephalidae)
Figure 5. Dicellophilus pulcher. A, head, dorsal view. B, right part of the maxillary complex, ventral view (detached from head). C, anterior part of head, dorsal view. D, clypeus and labrum, ventral view (maxillae removed). E, left antennal articles III–V, dorsal view. F, internal margin of left forcipule, dorsal view. G, last leg-bearing segment of an adult female, ventral view. H, left telopodite and medial projection of maxillae I, dorsal view (detached from head). I, left condylar process of forcipular coxosternum, dorsal view (head removed). Microscopic photographs and line drawings: ♀, 70-mm long, from Iwagasaki, Japan; the detailed data for the specimen are presented in the Material and methods.
Genomic insights into the origin of trans-Mediterranean disjunct distributions: The case of the saltmarsh band-winged grasshopper (Mioscirtus wagneri)
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Aim:</b> Two main biogeographic hypotheses have been proposed to explain the Mediterranean-Turanian disjunct distributions exhibited by numerous steppe-dwelling organisms, namely (i) dispersal during the Messinian salinity crisis (∼5.96-5.33 Ma) followed by range fragmentation and vicariance, and (ii) Pleistocene colonization and recent processes of population subdivision (<2 Ma). Despite the two hypotheses postulate the role of climatic alterations and changes in landmass configuration on determining such disjunct distributions, estimates of the timing of lineage diversification have not been complemented so far with spatially-explicit tests providing independent evidence on the proximate processes underlying geographical patterns of population genetic connectivity/fragmentation<b>.</b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Location:</b> Mediterranean-Turanian region</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Taxon:</b> Saltmarsh band-winged grasshopper (<i>Mioscirtus wagneri</i>)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Methods:</b> We integrate different sources of genetic (mtDNA and ddRADseq) and spatial information (configuration of emerged lands and niche modelling) to evaluate competing hypotheses of lineage diversification in the saltmarsh band-winged grasshopper, a halophile species showing a classical Mediterranean-Turanian disjunct distribution.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Results:</b> Phylogenomic analyses reveal the presence of two North African cryptic lineages and support that trans-Mediterranean populations of the species diverged in the Pleistocene, with evidence of post-Messinian permeability of the Strait of Gibraltar to gene flow likely associated with sea level drops during glacial periods. Accordingly, spatial patterns of genetic differentiation are best explained by a scenario of population connectivity defined by the configuration of emerged landmasses and environmentally suitable habitats during glacial periods, a time when effective population sizes of the species peaked as inferred by genomic-based demographic reconstructions.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Main conclusions</b>: Our results support post-Messinian colonization and Pleistocene diversification as the biogeographic scenario best explaining the trans-Mediterranean disjunct distributions of halophilous organisms.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
FIGURE 6 in Climatic conditions may structure the distribution of Syzygiella rubricaulis (Nees) Steph., a disjunct and high elevation species
FIGURE 6. Box plots comparing the three classes of clusters 1 (G1), 2 (G2), and 3 (G3) referring to the three most important environmental variables: minimum temperature of coldest month (bio 6), annual precipitation (bio 12), precipitation of wettest month (bio 13), and water vapor pressure.
FIGURE 5 in Climatic conditions may structure the distribution of Syzygiella rubricaulis (Nees) Steph., a disjunct and high elevation species
FIGURE 5. Principal component analysis based on 21 Worldclim dataset environmental variables extracted from the 164 spatially unique records. The environmental variables included: temperature variables: annual mean temperature (bio 1), mean diurnal temperature range (bio 2), isothermality (bio 3), temperature seasonality (bio 4), maximum temperature of warmest month (bio 5), minimum temperature of coldest month (bio 6), temperature annual range (bio 7), mean temperature of wettest quarter (bio 8), mean temperature of driest quarter (bio 9), mean temperature of warmest quarter (bio 10), mean temperature of coldest quarter (bio 11); and precipitation variables: annual precipitation (bio 12), precipitation of wettest month (bio 13), precipitation of driest month (bio 14), precipitation seasonality (bio 15), precipitation of wettest quarter (bio 16), precipitation of driest quarter (bio 17), precipitation of warmest quarter (bio 18), precipitation of coldest quarter (bio 19); as well as water vapor pressure (water_vapo), and solar radiation (solar_radi).
FIGURE 4 in Climatic conditions may structure the distribution of Syzygiella rubricaulis (Nees) Steph., a disjunct and high elevation species
FIGURE 4. Distribution of 164 spatial unique records classified into three cluster groups according to their environmental similarity: Green clade (circles), Black clade (triangles), and Red clade (diamons). The green area presents aggregated Neotropical ecoregions (Atlantic Forests; Central Andean Yungas; Choco-Darien Moist Forests; Greater Antillean Pine Forests; Guyana Highlands Moist Forests; Northern Andean Montane Forests; Northern Andean Páramo; Southwestern Amazonian Moist Forests; Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific Forests) mapped by WWF (terrestrial-ecoregions-of-the-world).
FIGURE 1 in Climatic conditions may structure the distribution of Syzygiella rubricaulis (Nees) Steph., a disjunct and high elevation species
FIGURE 1. Populations of Syzygiella rubricaulis in Podocarpus National Park, Ecuador (A) and Páramo San José, Venezuela (B); method of collection (C); habit (D); male and female shoots (E). [Photos: A-D from D.P. Costa; E from A. Maciel-Silva].
Data from: Population genetics of Braun’s rockcress (Boechera perstellata, Brassicaceae), an endangered plant with a disjunct distribution
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Data from: Vicariance, long-distance dispersal, and regional extinction–recolonization dynamics explain the disjunct circumpolar distribution of the arctic-alpine plant Silene acaulis
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Data from: Effects of climate and topography on the diversity anomaly of plants disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and eastern North America
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Ice-age persistence and genetic isolation of the disjunct distribution of larch in Alaska
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Genomic insights into the origin of trans-Mediterranean disjunct distributions: The case of the saltmarsh band-winged grasshopper (Mioscirtus wagneri)
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Dynamics behind disjunct distribution, hotspot-edge refugia, and discordant RADseq/mtDNA variability: insights from the Emei mustache toad
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Figure 9 in Disjunct distribution of Szeptyckiella gen. nov. from New Caledonia and South China undermines the monophyly of Willowsiini (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 9. Szeptyckiella lii sp. nov. (A) Thoracic chaetotaxy; (B–D) abdominal chaetotaxy: (B) Abd. I–III; (C) Abd. IV; (D) Abd. V. Scale bar: 50 µm.
Figure 8 in Disjunct distribution of Szeptyckiella gen. nov. from New Caledonia and South China undermines the monophyly of Willowsiini (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 8. Szeptyckiella lii sp. nov. (A) Ant. III organ; (B) lateral process of labial palp; (C) chaetae on the ventral side of head; (D) dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; (E) trochanteral organ; (F) hind claw; (G) ventral tube; (H) manubrial plaque. Scale bar: 10 µm, A, B, E, F, H; 50 µm, C, D, G.
Figure 7 in Disjunct distribution of Szeptyckiella gen. nov. from New Caledonia and South China undermines the monophyly of Willowsiini (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 7. Szeptyckiella lii sp. nov. (A) Habitus; (B) mucro; (C) scales on Abd. V; (D) scales on manubrium; (E) anterolateral two S-chaetae on Th. II. Scale bar: 0.5 mm, A; 10 µm, B–E.
Figure 2 in Disjunct distribution of Szeptyckiella gen. nov. from New Caledonia and South China undermines the monophyly of Willowsiini (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 2. Szeptyckiella boulouparica sp. nov. (A) Antennal chaetae; (B) Ant. III organ; (C) labrum; (D) labial palp; (E) maxillary outer lobe; (F) chaetae on the ventral side of head; (G) dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; (H) trochanteral organ; (I) inner outstanding mac on Tita; (J) hind claw; (K–M) ventral tube: anterior face (K), posterior face (L), lateral flap (M); (N) manubrial plaque; (O) mucro; (P) scales on tergites; (Q) scales on manubrium; (R) thoracic chaetotaxy. Scale bar: 10 µm, A–E, H–Q; 50 µm, F, G, R.
Figure 6 in Disjunct distribution of Szeptyckiella gen. nov. from New Caledonia and South China undermines the monophyly of Willowsiini (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 6. Szeptyckiella sinelloides sp. nov., abdominal chaetotaxy. (A) Abd. I–III; (B) Abd. IV; (C) Abd. V. Scale bar: 50 µm.
Figure 5 in Disjunct distribution of Szeptyckiella gen. nov. from New Caledonia and South China undermines the monophyly of Willowsiini (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Figure 5. Szeptyckiella sinelloides sp. nov. (A) Ant. III organ; (B) lateral process of labial palp; (C) chaetae on the ventral side of head; (D) trochanteral organ; (E) hind claw; (F) anterior face of ventral tube; (G) posterior face of ventral tube; (H) thoracic chaetotaxy. Scale bar: 10 µm, A, B, E; 50 µm, C, D, F–H.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.