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Fig. 4 in A fossil loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricarioidea) from the Taubaté Basin, eastern Brazil

Fig. 4. Taubateia paraiba, most anterior part of the neurocranium showing mesethmoid features: a, original fossil impression sprinkled with ammonium chloride; b, cast in latex sprinkled with ammonium chloride. Abbreviations: ac, mesethmoid anterior cornua; mc, mesethmoid crest; md, mesethmoid disk; me, mesethmoid; mmc, mesethmoid median cleft.

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Fig. 1 in A fossil loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricarioidea) from the Taubaté Basin, eastern Brazil

Fig. 1. Regional map indicating location of Taubaté Basin (in black) in the eastern of São Paulo State, Brazil.

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Fig. 3 in A fossil loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricarioidea) from the Taubaté Basin, eastern Brazil

Fig. 3. Comparison between an interpretative drawing of Taubateia paraiba (a) and a Hypostomus sp. neurocranium (b), both in ventral view. Abbreviations: acm, articular condyle for metapterygoid; af, articular facet for rib on v6; ag, aortic groove; bl, basioccipital lateral process; bo, basioccipital; cc, Weberian complex centrum; ex, exoccipital; exf, exoccipital foramina; fr, frontal; le, lateral ethmoid; ler, lateral ethmoid ridge for metapterygoid; me, mesethmoid; md, mesethmoid disk; os, orbitosphenoid; pr, prootic; ps, parasphenoid; pt, pterotic-supracleithrum; rb, rib; sp, sphenotic?; trl, transcapular ligament; tvp, transverse process of the Weberian compound centrum; v6, sixth vertebrae.

Fig. 11 in Tectonic history and the biogeography of the freshwater fishes from the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil: an example of faunal evolution associated with a divergent continental margin

Fig. 11. (a) The main axes of Quaternary tectonics in Brazil (gray lines) (according to Saadi, 1993) and areas of coincident distributional rages of several species in both isolated coastal rivers and adjacent drainages. (b) The northeastern margin of Brazil, including the Parnaíba, São Francisco and adjacent coastal rivers (c) The Southern most Brazil, encompassing the Uruguay and surroundings coastal rivers as well as the headwaters of the Paranapanema, Ivaí, Iguacú and Ribeira de Iguape. (d) The area encompassed by the CRSB, in southeastern Brazil, including the coastal rivers and the adjacent upper Tietê and upper Iguaçu.

Fig. 4 in Tectonic history and the biogeography of the freshwater fishes from the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil: an example of faunal evolution associated with a divergent continental margin

Fig. 4. Geographic location of the Brazilian Atlantic continental margin and of the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil (shaded area) and areas showed in figures 6, 7 and 8 (modified from Hearn et al., 2000).

Fig. 9 in Tectonic history and the biogeography of the freshwater fishes from the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil: an example of faunal evolution associated with a divergent continental margin

Fig. 9. Cladograms of taxa and areas showing the sister-group relationships included in Pattern A. a) Catfishes of the family Trichomycteridae. b) Catfishes of the family Doradidae. The degree of inclusiveness of this pattern suggests the most ancient cladogenetic event that is still recognized in respect to the ichthyofauna of the Brazilian coastal rivers.

Fig. 7 in Tectonic history and the biogeography of the freshwater fishes from the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil: an example of faunal evolution associated with a divergent continental margin

Fig. 7. (a) Map of northeastern segment of Southeastern Brazilian coast showing the complex system of Pre-Cambrian and Mesozoic continental rifts controlling drainage and topography. (b) Detail of the straight course of the rio Paraíba do Sul Rift Valley produced from a digital elevation model by radar interferometry (NASA, The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission).

Fig. 3 in Tectonic history and the biogeography of the freshwater fishes from the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil: an example of faunal evolution associated with a divergent continental margin

Fig. 3. Rivers and uplifts of Atlantic South America. A) break-up uplifts (megadomes) and associated principal rifts. Megadomes: Guyana/Guinea (1), NE Brazil/Niger (2), Mantiqueira/Angola (3), Uruguay/SW Africa (4), Somuncurá (5) and Deseado (6). Break-up rifts: Tacutu (I), Foz do Amazonas (II), Reconcavo Tucano-Jatobá (III) and Taubaté (IV). B) detail of the uplift from the Southeastern Brazil (from Cox, 1989 and Potter, 1997).

Fig. 2 in Tectonic history and the biogeography of the freshwater fishes from the coastal drainages of eastern Brazil: an example of faunal evolution associated with a divergent continental margin

Fig. 2. The South American Plate and its major tectono-sedimentary domains (from Milani & Thomaz-Filho, 2000).

Figure 5 in Phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and species of microteiid lizard from the Atlantic forest of north-eastern Brazil (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)

Figure 5. Single most parsimonious tree recovered from analyses of: (A) morphology (L = 86, CI = 0.60, RI = 0.72) and (B) combined morphology and molecular partitions (L = 2413, CI = 0.54, RI = 0.44). Numbers above and below branches represent bootstrap (> 50%) and total Bremer indexes, respectively. The internal nodes are numbered (circles) and support indexes are listed in detail for each node (Table 2). The inset includes Dryadosaura nordestina and its sister taxon.

Figure 4 in Phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and species of microteiid lizard from the Atlantic forest of north-eastern Brazil (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)

Figure 4. Right hand (A), right foot (B), shoulder girdle (C), hyoid (D), and pelvic girdle (E) of Dryadosaura nordestina (MZUSP 93422). Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 2 in Phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and species of microteiid lizard from the Atlantic forest of north-eastern Brazil (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)

Figure 2. Sulcate (A) and asulcate (B) face of the right hemipenis of Dryadosaura nordestina (MZUSP 65983). Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 1 in Phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and species of microteiid lizard from the Atlantic forest of north-eastern Brazil (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)

Figure 1. Dorsal (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C) view of the head of the holotype of Dryadosaura nordestina (MZUSP 60635). Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 3 in Phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and species of microteiid lizard from the Atlantic forest of north-eastern Brazil (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)

Figure 3. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view of the skull of Dryadosaura nordestina (MZUSP 93422). Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 19 in Systematics of Spintherobolus (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from eastern Brazil

Fig. 19. Alternate cladograms of the relationships of the species of Spintherobolus.

Fig. 12. Spintherobolus ankoseion, USNM 297935 in Systematics of Spintherobolus (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from eastern Brazil

Fig. 12. Spintherobolus ankoseion, USNM 297935, adult male, 24.5 mm SL. Jaws & teeth.

Fig. 2. Spintherobolus broccae, USNM 287324 in Systematics of Spintherobolus (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from eastern Brazil

Fig. 2. Spintherobolus broccae, USNM 287324, adult male, 18.2 mm SL, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.

Fig. 14. Spintherobolus ankoseion, USNM 297935 in Systematics of Spintherobolus (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from eastern Brazil

Fig. 14. Spintherobolus ankoseion, USNM 297935, adult male, 24.5 mm SL. Pelvic girdle and fin.

Fig. 1. Spintherobolus papilliferus, MZUSP 49408 in Systematics of Spintherobolus (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) from eastern Brazil

Fig. 1. Spintherobolus papilliferus, MZUSP 49408, adult male, 57.8 mm SL, Brazil, Sao Paulo.