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169 results for “fire effects”
Skink trapping: Interactive Effects of Deer, Fire and Nitrogen
In 2000 we began to examine impacts of three anthropogenic effects on successional grasslands in an area with rapid woody encroachment toward white pine forest. We established a factorial experiment that manipulates N (0 or 3 g m-2 yr-1), fire (none or every 2nd year), and deer (fenced or open to deer), with a total of 32 plots, each 20 x 20 m. We hypothesized that the response of this ecosystem to the combined effects of fire, N, and herbivory would depend on the ability of pine and other species to invade and the magnitude of their response to the different disturbance factors: warm-season grasses increase with and encourage fire, resist herbivores, and inhibit woody plant invasion (Davis et al. 1998, Inouye et al. 1994); cool-season plants are favored by N deposition (Tilman 1987) but are fire-intolerant and palatable to herbivores; legumes tolerate fire but decrease with herbivory and N deposition; and finally, woody plants are fire-intolerant and may be more susceptible to herbivory. We are measuring treatment effects on composition and diversity of plants and consumers (insects, small mammals, lizards) as well as plant and soil C and N.
Tree data: Interactive Effects of Deer, Fire and Nitrogen
In 2000 we began to examine impacts of three anthropogenic effects on successional grasslands in an area with rapid woody encroachment toward white pine forest. We established a factorial experiment that manipulates N (0 or 3 g m-2 yr-1), fire (none or every 2nd year), and deer (fenced or open to deer), with a total of 32 plots, each 20 x 20 m. We hypothesized that the response of this ecosystem to the combined effects of fire, N, and herbivory would depend on the ability of pine and other species to invade and the magnitude of their response to the different disturbance factors: warm-season grasses increase with and encourage fire, resist herbivores, and inhibit woody plant invasion (Davis et al. 1998, Inouye et al. 1994); cool-season plants are favored by N deposition (Tilman 1987) but are fire-intolerant and palatable to herbivores; legumes tolerate fire but decrease with herbivory and N deposition; and finally, woody plants are fire-intolerant and may be more susceptible to herbivory. We are measuring treatment effects on composition and diversity of plants and consumers (insects, small mammals, lizards) as well as plant and soil C and N.
Root biomass:Effect of Fire Frequency on Grassland Vegetation and Soils
The purpose of this experiment, begun in 1983 by Johannes Knops, is to determine what effect different fire frequencies have on grassland vegetation. This experiment is being conducted in field B. There are 4 different burn treatments: 1. plots burned every year 2. plots burned every other year 3. controls which are not burned 4. plots burned every fourth year There are 6 replicates of each treatment which were randomly assigned to the 24 plots. Plots are 8 by 8 meters and are placed in a 3 by 8 grid with 2 meter walkways. Plots are marked with colored rebar at each corner.
Root carbon and nitrogen:Effect of Fire Frequency on Grassland Vegetation and Soils
The purpose of this experiment, begun in 1983 by Johannes Knops, is to determine what effect different fire frequencies have on grassland vegetation. This experiment is being conducted in field B. There are 4 different burn treatments: 1. plots burned every year 2. plots burned every other year 3. controls which are not burned 4. plots burned every fourth year There are 6 replicates of each treatment which were randomly assigned to the 24 plots. Plots are 8 by 8 meters and are placed in a 3 by 8 grid with 2 meter walkways. Plots are marked with colored rebar at each corner.
Plant aboveground biomass carbon and nitrogen:Effect of Fire Frequency on Grassland Vegetation and Soils
The purpose of this experiment, begun in 1983 by Johannes Knops, is to determine what effect different fire frequencies have on grassland vegetation. This experiment is being conducted in field B. There are 4 different burn treatments: 1. plots burned every year 2. plots burned every other year 3. controls which are not burned 4. plots burned every fourth year There are 6 replicates of each treatment which were randomly assigned to the 24 plots. Plots are 8 by 8 meters and are placed in a 3 by 8 grid with 2 meter walkways. Plots are marked with colored rebar at each corner.
Soil bulk density:Effect of Fire Frequency on Grassland Vegetation and Soils
The purpose of this experiment, begun in 1983 by Johannes Knops, is to determine what effect different fire frequencies have on grassland vegetation. This experiment is being conducted in field B. There are 4 different burn treatments: 1. plots burned every year 2. plots burned every other year 3. controls which are not burned 4. plots burned every fourth year There are 6 replicates of each treatment which were randomly assigned to the 24 plots. Plots are 8 by 8 meters and are placed in a 3 by 8 grid with 2 meter walkways. Plots are marked with colored rebar at each corner.
Soil carbon and nitrogen:Effect of Fire Frequency on Grassland Vegetation and Soils
The purpose of this experiment, begun in 1983 by Johannes Knops, is to determine what effect different fire frequencies have on grassland vegetation. This experiment is being conducted in field B. There are 4 different burn treatments: 1. plots burned every year 2. plots burned every other year 3. controls which are not burned 4. plots burned every fourth year There are 6 replicates of each treatment which were randomly assigned to the 24 plots. Plots are 8 by 8 meters and are placed in a 3 by 8 grid with 2 meter walkways. Plots are marked with colored rebar at each corner.
Fire Severity: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Fire Fuel Load: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Fire Behavior: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Fire Temperatures: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Data from: Interactive effects of pasture management intensity, release from grazing and prescribed fire on forty subtropical wetland plant assemblages
Pasture management intensity, livestock grazing and prescribed fire are three widespread agricultural practices that affect small, isolated wetlands, but few studies have investigated their individual and interactive effects. Pasture management intensity refers to the degree of human alteration of grassland, ranging from intensively managed pastures planted with introduced forage, fertilizer/lime additions and artificial drainage to semi-natural pastures with mixed native and non-native vegetation, no fertilizer/lime additions and little or no artificial drainage. We examined individual and interactive effects of these three agricultural practices on individual, isolated wetlands using a replicated, full-factorial experiment on 40 entire wetlands in south Florida, USA. Wetlands were embedded in two pasture management intensities: intensively managed and semi-natural. After three years of treatment initiation, vegetation of wetlands released from grazing and unburned embedded in semi-natural pastures had significantly lower evenness and coefficient of conservatism scores compared to wetlands released from grazing and burned, grazed unburned wetlands and grazed burned wetlands in the same pasture management intensity. For wetlands embedded in intensively managed pastures, evenness and coefficient of conservatism scores did not differ among treatments. Release from grazing increased abundance of the native, weedy herb, Eupatorium capillifolium. Grazing interacted with prescribed fire to affect shrub abundance and non-native richness; relative abundance of shrubs and non-native richness were greater in wetlands released from grazing and burned and did not differ among burn treatments in grazed wetlands. Interactive effects, especially three-way interactions, were uncommon and not as important as differences between the two pasture management intensities. Synthesis and applications. Vegetation diversity and floristic quality of wetlands embedded in intensively managed pastures resisted common restoration management techniques such as release from grazing and prescribed fire, at least in the short term. In contrast, removing all top-down disturbances from wetlands embedded in semi-natural grasslands can negatively affect vegetation species diversity and floristic quality. Future studies should examine how intensity and seasonality of grazing and prescribed fire affect wetland vegetation, and track long-term responses to evaluate lag effects.
Data from: Fuel moisture content enhances nonadditive effects of plant mixtures on flammability and fire behavior
Fire behavior of plant mixtures includes a complex set of processes for which the interactive contributions of its drivers, such as plant identity and moisture, have not yet been unraveled fully. Plant flammability parameters of species mixtures can show substantial deviations of fire properties from those expected based on the component species when burnt alone; that is, there are nonadditive mixture effects. Here, we investigated how fuel moisture content affects nonadditive effects in fire behavior. We hypothesized that both the magnitude and variance of nonadditivity in flammability parameters are greater in moist than in dry fuel beds. We conducted a series of experimental burns in monocultures and 2‐species mixtures with two ericaceous dwarf shrubs and two bryophyte species from temperate fire‐prone heathlands. For a set of fire behavior parameters, we found that magnitude and variability of nonadditive effects are, on average, respectively 5.8 and 1.8 times larger in moist (30% MC) species mixtures compared to dry (10% MC) mixed fuel beds. In general, the moist mixtures caused negative nonadditive effects, but due to the larger variability these mixtures occasionally caused large positive nonadditive effects, while this did not occur in dry mixtures. Thus, at moister conditions, mixtures occasionally pass the moisture threshold for ignition and fire spread, which the monospecific fuel beds are unable to pass. We also show that the magnitude of nonadditivity is highly species dependent. Thus, contrary to common belief, the strong nonadditive effects in mixtures can cause higher fire occurrence at moister conditions. This new integration of surface fuel moisture and species interactions will help us to better understand fire behavior in the complexity of natural ecosystems.
Figure 1 in Fire effects on Atlantic Forest sites from a composition, structure and functional perspective
Figure 1. Paraíba do Sul river basin study site, Southeast Atlantic Forest biome, inside São Paulo state, Brazil and South America. Red and blue pins represent burned and unburned forest sites where field inventory was performed, with satellite images of each.
Data from: Repeated habitat disturbances by fire decrease local effective population size
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Data from: Interactive effects of pasture management intensity, release from grazing and prescribed fire on forty subtropical wetland plant assemblages
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Fuel moisture content enhances nonadditive effects of plant mixtures on flammability and fire behavior
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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Training Given to Mothers With 0-5 Age Group Children for Fire Management
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06043479. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Effect of Fire Suppression and Emergency Duties on Vascular Function
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01805063. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Effect of Supplementing Different Solutions on Firefighters' Simulated Fire Rescue Training
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04727905. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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