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Fig. 2 in Fish out of water: Aquatic parasites in a drying world

Fig. 2. Network of predicted changes in host and parasite communities in intermittent rivers as a consequence of decreased streamflow because of climate change.

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Fig. 1 in Fish out of water: Aquatic parasites in a drying world

Fig. 1. Conceptual diagram showing alternating cycles of flow, flow cessation and drying in intermittent rivers, with associated changes in the percentage of lotic, lentic and terrestrial habitats (adapted from Datry et al., 2016).

Fig. 1 in Caryophyllidean tapeworms (Cestoda), Nearctic parasites of fish in Mexico, including description of a new species of Isoglaridacris and the first report of Khawia japonensis, an invasive parasite of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Fig. 1. Archigetes sp. 1 from Notropis caliensis, Michoac´an (CNHE 6800) (A, C, F); Archigetes (?) sp. 2 from Notropis nazas, Durango (CNHE 6797) (B, E); Archigetes sp. 3 from Chirostoma sp., Michoac´an (CNHE 6801) (D). A, B – total view, dorsally; C, E – anterior part with scolex; note different position of anterior-most testes and vitelline follicles between C and E; D – total view, ventrally; F – ovarian and uterine region, dorsally. Abbreviations: cs – cirrus-sac; eb – excretory bladder; eg – eggs; esv – external seminal vesicle; lo – loculi; ov – ovary; sr – seminal receptacle; te – testes; vf – vitelline follicles.

Fig. 3 in Caryophyllidean tapeworms (Cestoda), Nearctic parasites of fish in Mexico, including description of a new species of Isoglaridacris and the first report of Khawia japonensis, an invasive parasite of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Fig. 3. Khawia japonensis (Yamaguti, 1934) from Cyprinus carpio, Durango (CNHE 6516). A – total view, ventrally (median preovarian vitelline follicles omitted except for anterior-most follicles); B – anterior end; C – posterior end, ventrally. Abbreviations: cgp – common genital pore; cs – cirrus-sac; Mg – Mehlis' gland; ov – ovary; povf – postovarian vitelline follicles; sd – sperm duct (vas deferens); sr – seminal receptacle; te – testes; ug – uterine glands; ut – uterus; va – vagina; vf – vitelline follicles.

Fig. 2 in Caryophyllidean tapeworms (Cestoda), Nearctic parasites of fish in Mexico, including description of a new species of Isoglaridacris and the first report of Khawia japonensis, an invasive parasite of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Fig. 2. Isoglaridacris brevicollis sp. n. from Catostomus nebuliferus, Durango (CNHE 6802; IPCAS C-885; 2x CNHE 6761) (A–D), Catostomus bernardini, Sonora (CNHE 6796) (E), and Moxostoma astrinum, Jalisco (CNHE 6799) (F); Pseudoglaridacris confusa (Hunter, 1929) from Ictiobus meridionalis, Oaxaca (CNHE 6798) (G). A – total view, ventrally; B – anterior end; C – posterior end, ventrally; D – slightly contracted scolex; E – cirrus-sac with external seminal vesicle, ventrally; F – ovary with overlapping posterior wings, dorsally (uterine loops are omitted at level of ovarian isthmus and more posteriorly); G – total view, dorsally. Abbreviations: cgp – common genital pore; cs – cirrus-sac; eb – excretory bladder; esv – external seminal vesicle; lo – loculi; ov – ovary; povf – postovarian vitelline follicles; sd – sperm duct (vas deferens); te – testes; ut – uterus; va – vagina; vd – vitelline duct; vf – vitelline follicles.

Fig. 5. Mothocya andoni n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 5. Mothocya andoni n. sp. Ƌ (12.0 mm total length, 5.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092738). A, Antennula; B, Antenna; C, Maxilliped; D, Tip of maxillula; E, Mandible palp; F, Maxilla.

Fig. 2. Mothocya andoni n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 2. Mothocya andoni n. sp. paratype ♀ (non-ovigerous, 18.0 mm total length, 9.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092738). A, Antennula; B, Antenna; C, Mandible; D, Maxillula; E, Maxilla; F, Maxilliped.

Fig. 3. Mothocya andoni n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 3. Mothocya andoni n. sp. paratype ♀ (non-ovigerous, 18.0 mm total length, 9.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092738). A, Pleopod 1 ventral view; B, Pleopod 2 ventral view; C, Pleopod 3 ventral view; D, Pleopod 4 ventral view; E, Pleopod 5 ventral view; F, Pleopod 1 dorsal view; G, Pleopod 2 dorsal view; H, Pleopod 3 dorsal view; I, Pleopod 4 dorsal view; J, Pleopod 5 dorsal view.

Fig. 1. Mothocya andoni n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 1. Mothocya andoni n. sp. holotype ♀ (ovigerous, 15.0 mm total length, 8.0 mm width) (SAMC–AA092737). A, Dorsal body; B, Lateral body; C, Oostegites; D, Dorsal view of cephalon and pereonite 1; E, Uropod; F, Ventral cephalon; G, Dorsal view of pleon; H, Pereopod 1; I, Pereopod 7.

Fig. 4. Mothocya andoni n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 4. Mothocya andoni n. sp. Ƌ (12.0 mm total length, 5.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092738)A, Dorsal body; B, Lateral body; C, Pereopod 1; D, Pereopod 7; E, Penes; F, Uropod; G, Dorsal view of cephalon with pereonite 1; H, Dorsal view of pleon.

Fig. 7. Mothocya powelli n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 7. Mothocya powelli n. sp. holotype ♀ (ovigerous, 7.0 mm total length, 5.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092739). A, Dorsal body; B, Lateral body; C, Oostegites; D, Dorsal view of cephalon with pereonite 1; E, Uropod; F, Ventral cephalon; G, Dorsal view of pleon; H, Pereopod 1; I, Pereopod 7.

Fig. 6. Mothocya andoni n in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 6. Mothocya andoni n. sp. Ƌ (12.0 mm total length, 5.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092738). A, Pleopod 1 ventral view; B, Pleopod 2 ventral view; C, Pleopod 3 ventral view; D, Pleopod 4 ventral view; E, Pleopod 5 ventral view; F, Pleopod 1 dorsal view; G, Pleopod 2 dorsal view; H, Pleopod 3 dorsal view; I, Pleopod 4 dorsal view; J, Pleopod 5 dorsal view.

Fig. 8. A in Two new species of branchial fish parasitic isopod of the genus Mothocya Costa, in Hope, 1851 (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) from Nigeria

Fig. 8. A, Dorsal view of Mothocya andoni n. sp. holotype ♀ (ovigerous, 15.0 mm total length, 8.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092737) (top) and Mothocya powelli n. sp. holotype ♀ (ovigerous, 7.0 mm total length, 5.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092739) (bottom); B, Ventral view of Mothocya andoni n. sp. holotype ♀ (top) and Mothocya powelli n. sp. holotype ♀ (bottom); C, Dorsal view of Mothocya andoni n. sp. holotype ♀ (left) and Mothocya andoni n. sp. Ƌ (12.0 mm total length, 5.0 mm width) (SAMC–A092738) (right).

Fig. 6. Aurantiactinomyxon type nov. A in First record and description of actinospore stages (raabeia, triactinomyxon, and aurantiactinomyxon types) of fish parasitic myxozoans from Malaysia

Fig. 6. Aurantiactinomyxon type nov. A) Schematic drawing of apical view. B) The side view of mature actinospores. C) Fixed (90% ethanol) aurantiactinomyxon spore in the apical view. D) Fixed (90% ethanol) aurantiactinomyxon spore in the side view. E) Higher magnification of fresh spore body showing three elongated polar capsules. F) Heavily infected Bothrioneurum sp. with pansporocysts at various stages of development in the intestinal epithelium. G) Pansporocyst showing six to seven of eight actinospores (arrowhead). In some spores, polar capsules can be seen (arrow). Scale bars represent 20 μm except E) 10 μm and F) 100 μm.

Fig. 5. Triactinomyxon type nov. A in First record and description of actinospore stages (raabeia, triactinomyxon, and aurantiactinomyxon types) of fish parasitic myxozoans from Malaysia

Fig. 5. Triactinomyxon type nov. A) Schematic drawing of mature actinospore. B) Freshly released triactinomyxon from Branchiodrilus sp. C) Triactinomyxon spore fixed in 90% ethanol. D) Higher magnification of spore body showing 8 secondary cells. E) Heavily infected Branchiodrilus sp. with pansporocysts at various stages of development in the intestinal epithelium. F) Higher magnification showing pansporocysts of triactinomyxon type in the intestinal epithelium. Scale bars represent 20 μm, except D) 10 μm and E) 100 μm.

Fig. 3 in First record and description of actinospore stages (raabeia, triactinomyxon, and aurantiactinomyxon types) of fish parasitic myxozoans from Malaysia

Fig. 3. (A, B) Semithin sections showing multiple pansporocysts (arrow) of the novel raabeia type in the intestinal epithelium (black arrowhead) of the freshwater oligochaete, Aulodrilus acutus from Tasik Telabak. C) Enlarged section of the pansporocyst with visible polar capsules (white arrowhead) of mature spores. Stained with H&E. Scale bars represent A) 50 μm; B) 20 μm and C) 10 μm.

Fig. 2. Raabeia type nov. A in First record and description of actinospore stages (raabeia, triactinomyxon, and aurantiactinomyxon types) of fish parasitic myxozoans from Malaysia

Fig. 2. Raabeia type nov. A) Schematic drawing of mature actinospore. B) Fresh mount of raabeia. C) Higher magnification of spore body showing two of three polar capsules with 4 coils of the polar tubule. Scale bars represent 50 μm except C) 10 μm.

Fig. 1 in First record and description of actinospore stages (raabeia, triactinomyxon, and aurantiactinomyxon types) of fish parasitic myxozoans from Malaysia

Fig. 1. Map of Peninsular Malaysia showing the studied area. Mud samples with oligochaetes were collected from the site at Tasik Telabak, Hulu Besut, Terengganu (arrowhead).

Fig. 4 in First record and description of actinospore stages (raabeia, triactinomyxon, and aurantiactinomyxon types) of fish parasitic myxozoans from Malaysia

Fig. 4. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on small subunit 18S ribosomal DNA sequences of raabeia type and related species. The tree is rooted to the Chloromyxum cristatum and Chloromyxum fluviatile as the outgroup, with bootstrap support ≥70% indicated at nodes. GenBank accession numbers are given in parentheses followed by the name of the parasite species. Actinosporean examined in the present study are in bold. The scale bar indicates the number of expected substitutions per site.