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Sentinel-6A MF Jason-CS L1B P4 Altimeter High Resolution (HR) STC Geolocated Waveforms

Provides L1B high resolution (HR) short time critical (STC; 36-hour latency) altimetry data from the Poseidon-4 SAR altimeter on the Sentinel-6A Michael Freilich spacecraft which include the geolocated, fully SAR processed and calibrated multi-looked HR Ku-band waveforms. The S6A STC product is analogous to the Jason-3 IGDR product.

AIRS/Aqua L1B Near Real Time (NRT) Visible/Near Infrared (VIS/NIR) geolocated and calibrated radiances V005 (AIRVBRAD_NRT) at GES DISC

The AIRS Visible/Near Infrared (VIS/NIR) Level 1B Near Real Time (NRT) product (AIRVBRAD_NRT_005) differs from the routine product (AIRVBRAD_005) in 2 ways to meet the three hour latency requirements of the Land Atmosphere NRT Capability Earth Observing System (LANCE): (1) The NRT granules are produced without previous or subsequent granules if those granules are not available within 5 minutes, (2) the predictive ephemeris/attitude data are used rather than the definitive ephemeris/attitude. The consequences of these differences are described in the AIRS Near Real Time (NRT) data products document. The AIRS VIS/NIR level 1B data set contains visible and near-infrared calibrated and geolocated radiances in W/m^2/micron/steradian for 4 channels in the 0.4 to 1.0 um region of the spectrum. The spectral range of the VIS/NIR channels are as follows: Channel 1 0.41 um - 0.44 um, Channel 2 0.58 um - 0.68 um, Channel 3 0.71 um - 0.92 um, Channel 4 0.49 um - 0.94 um. The AIRVBRAD_NRT_005 products are stored in files (often referred to as "granules") that contain 6 minutes of data, 90 footprints across track by 135 lines along track. The VIS/NIR granules are only produced in the daytime so there will always be fewer VIS/NIR granules than Infrared or microwave granules.

TROPICS06 L1B Orbital Geolocated Native-Resolution Brightness Temperatures V1.0

The "Time-Resolved Observations of Precipitation structure and storm Intensity with a Constellation of Smallsats" (TROPICS) mission has a goal of providing nearly all-weather observations of three-dimensional temperature and humidity, as well as cloud ice and precipitation horizontal structure, at high temporal resolution to conduct high-value science investigations of tropical cyclones. The mission comprises a constellation of six identical Space Vehicles (SVs) conforming to the 3U form factor and hosting a passive microwave spectrometer payload. This dataset is produced from the Pathfinder satellite, a single 3U small satellite, which has launched previous to the constellation, on a sun-synchronous orbital plane. Each SV hosts an identical high-performance spectrometer named the TROPICS Millimeter-wave Sounder (TMS) that will provide temperature profiles using seven channels near the 118.75-GHz oxygen absorption line, water vapor profiles using three channels near the 183-GHz water vapor absorption line, imagery in a single channel near 90 GHz for precipitation measurements (when combined with higher resolution water vapor channels), and a single channel near 205 GHz that is more sensitive to cloud-sized ice particles. Each TROPICS netCDF file contains a granule of data with 81 spots and approximately 2880 scans, where a granule is defined as an orbit's worth of data.

OCO-3 Level 1B calibrated, geolocated science spectra, Forward Processing V11 (OCO3_L1B_Science) at GES DISC

Version 11 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 11. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory -3 (OCO-3) was deployed to the International Space Station in May, 2019. It is technically a single instrument, almost identical to OCO-2. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. OCO-3 incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers. The three spectrometers have different characteristics and are calibrated independently. Oxygen-A Band cloud screening algorithm is one of the primary cloud screening tools implemented in the operational OCO processing pipeline. The algorithm was introduced and applied to early GOSAT data with further analysis performed on OCO-2 simulations. The OCO ABO2 algorithm employs a fast Bayesian retrieval to estimate surface pressure and surface albedo from high resolution spectra of the molecular oxygen (O2) A-band, near 0.765 µm. The radiative transfer forward model (FM) assumes a clear-sky condition, i.e. Rayleigh scattering only, such that differences between the modeled and measured radiances are apparent when the measurement scene contains cloud or aerosol.

OCO-3 Level 2 geolocated XCO2 retrieval results and algorithm diagnostic information, Forward Processing V10 (OCO3_L2_Diagnostic) at GES DISC

Version 10 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 10. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory -3 (OCO-3) was deployed to the International Space Station in May, 2019. It is technically a single instrument, almost identical to OCO-2. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. OCO-3 incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers. The three spectrometers have different characteristics and are calibrated independently. Oxygen-A Band cloud screening algorithm is one of the primary cloud screening tools implemented in the operational OCO processing pipeline. The algorithm was introduced and applied to early GOSAT data with further analysis performed on OCO-2 simulations. The OCO ABO2 algorithm employs a fast Bayesian retrieval to estimate surface pressure and surface albedo from high resolution spectra of the molecular oxygen (O2) A-band, near 0.765 µm. The radiative transfer forward model (FM) assumes a clear-sky condition, i.e. Rayleigh scattering only, such that differences between the modeled and measured radiances are apparent when the measurement scene contains cloud or aerosol.

OCO-2 Level 2 geolocated XCO2 retrievals results, physical model V11.2 (OCO2_L2_Standard) at GES DISC

Version 11.2 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 11.2. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. The OCO-2 project uses the LEOStar-2 spacecraft that carries a single instrument. It incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers. This collection is the output from the algorithm retrieving the column-averaged CO2 dry air mole fraction XCO2 and other quantities from the spectra collected by the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2).

OCO-3 Level 1B calibrated, geolocated calibration spectra, Forward Processing V11 (OCO3_L1B_Calibration) at GES DISC

Version 11 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 11. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory -3 (OCO-3) was deployed to the International Space Station in May, 2019. It is technically a single instrument, almost identical to OCO-2. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. The OCO-3 incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers. The three spectrometers have different characteristics and are calibrated independently. Their raw data numbers (DN) are delivered correlated in time to the Level 1B process as Level 1A products. Each band has 1016 spectralelements, although some are masked out in the L2 retrieval. This L1B product results from calibration mode measurements (e.g., Lunar,Solar, Dark observations), and thus it differs from the OCO3_L1B_Science (L1bSc) product. The differences in the product formats are only in the geolocation information provided. Whereas the L1bSc products report geolocation data for each sounding, calibration products report the direction of the boresight vector.

MODIS/Terra Geolocation Fields 5-Min L1A Swath 1km

The MODIS/Terra Geolocation Fields 5Min L1A Swath 1km are calculated for each 1 km MODIS Instantaneous Field of Views (IFOV) for all orbits daily (in Collection 6 and later, information is provided to claculate 500m geolocation fields). The locations and ancillary information corresponds to the intersection of the centers of each IFOV from 10 detectors in an ideal 1 km band on the Earth's surface. A digital terrain model is used to model the Earth's surface. The main inputs are the spacecraft attitude and orbit, the instrument telemetry and the digital elevation model. The geolocation fields include geodetic Latitude, Longitude, surface height above geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, satellite zenith and azimuth angles, and a land/sea mask for each 1 km sample. Additional information is included in the header to enable the calculation of the approximate location of the center of the detectors of any of the 36 MODIS bands. This product is used as input by a large number of subsequent MODIS products, particularly the products produced by the Land team.The short name for this product is MOD03. Each file is roughly 30 MB in size, and the total data volume is approximately 8 GB/day.See the MODIS Science Team homepage for more data setinformation: https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/

MODIS/Aqua Geolocation Fields 5-Min L1A Swath 1km

The MODIS/Aqua Geolocation Fields 5-Min L1A Swath 1km are calculated for each 1 km MODIS Instantaneous Field of Views (IFOV) for all orbits daily (in Collection 6 and later, information is provided to calculate 500m geolocation fields). The locations and ancillary information corresponds to the intersection of the centers of each IFOV from 10 detectors in an ideal 1 km band on the Earth's surface. A digital terrain model is used to model the Earth's surface. The main inputs are the spacecraft attitude and orbit, the instrument telemetry and the digital elevation model. The geolocation fields include geodetic Latitude, Longitude, surface height above geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, satellite zenith and azimuth angles, and a land/sea mask for each 1 km sample. Additional information is included in the header to enable the calculation of the approximate location of the center of the detectors of any of the 36 MODIS bands. This product is used as input by a large number of subsequent MODIS products, particularly the products produced by the Land team.The short name for this product is MYD03. Each file is roughly 30 MB in size, and the total data volume is approximately 8 GB/day.See the MODIS Science Team homepage for more data setinformation:https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/

VIIRS/JPSS1 Moderate Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath 750m Light V021

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Moderate Resolution Terrain Correction Geolocation (VJ103MODLL) Version 2.1 product from the NOAA-20 VIIRS sensor is produced in 6 minute temporal satellite increments (swaths) at 750 meter resolution. Intersecting the VIIRS line of sight vector with Earth’s geoid and the World Geodetic System (WGS) ellipsoid, this product is based on the SRTM30 Version 2 digital elevation model (DEM), which uses GTOPO30 data for areas from 60° North to 60° South. VJ103MODLL is a terrain correction geolocation product that provides the spatial location for various VIIRS data products. Each swath of data is approximately 3,060 kilometers along track (long) and 3,060 kilometers across track (wide). Provided in the VJ103MODLL product are layers for height, latitude, and longitude. These Science Data Sets (SDS) layers are used in conjunction with the ([VJ114](https://doi.org/10.5067/viirs/vj114.002)) swath product for accurate geolocation information.Known Issues* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS).Improvements/Changes from Previous VersionThe NOAA-20 VIIRS algorithms include the same improvements as the S-NPP VIIRS V002.* Improved calibration algorithm and better coefficients for entire NOAA-20 mission.* Improved geolocation accuracy and updates to fix outliers around maneuver periods and other events.* Corrections to the aerosol quantity flag (low, average, high) mainly over brighter surfaces in the mid to high latitudes such as desert and tropical vegetation areas. This has an impact on the retrieval of other downstream data products such as VJ113 Vegetation Indices and VJ143 BRDF/Albedo.* Improved cloud mask input product for corrections along coastlines and artifacts from use of coarse resolution climatology data.* Replaced the land/water mask input product with MODIS heritage seven class land/water mask.* More details can be found in this [VIIRS Land V2 Changes document](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/data/userguide/VIIRS_Land_C2_Changes_09152022.pdf)

OCO-3 Level 2 geolocated XCO2 retrievals results, physical model, Forward Processing V10 (OCO3_L2_Standard) at GES DISC

TROPICS03 L1A Orbital Geolocated Native-Resolution Antenna Temperatures V1.0

Enhanced MODIS Airborne Simulator (eMAS) Calibrated, Geolocated Radiances L1B 50m Data

The Enhanced Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Airborne Simulator (eMAS)instrument is maintained and operated by the Airborne Sensor Facility at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California, under the oversight of the EOS Project Science Office at NASA Goddard. Prior to 1995, the MAS was deployed on the NASA's ER-2 and C-130 aircraft platforms using a 12-channel, 8-bit data system that somewhat constrained the full benefit of having a 50-channel scanning spectrometer. Beginning in January 1995, a 50-channel, 16-bit digitizer was used on the ER-2 platform, which greatly enhanced the capability of MAS to simulate MODIS data over a wide range of environmental conditions. Recently, it has undergone extensive upgrades to the optics and other components. New detectors have been installed and the spectral bands have been streamlined. The eMAS instrument is now a 38-channel instrument, sensing in the range from 0.445 to 13.844 um.For more information and for a list of MAS campaign flights visit ladsweb at:https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/mas/or, visit the eMAS Homepage at:https://asapdata.arc.nasa.gov/emas/

OCO-2 Level 2 geolocated XCO2 retrieval results and algorithm diagnostic information V11.2 (OCO2_L2_Diagnostic) at GES DISC

Version 11.2 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 11.2. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. The OCO-2 project uses the LEOStar-2 spacecraft that carries a single instrument. It incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers. This collection encompass various data fields used for diagnostic and pre-processing, including aerosol optical depth, albedo, absorption coefficients, fluorescence, XCO2 uncertainties, averaging kernel, surface type, etc.

OCO-3 Level 2 spatially ordered geolocated retrievals screened using the IMAP-DOAS Preprocessor (IDP), Forward Processing V10 (OCO3_L2_IMAPDOAS) at GES DISC

VIIRS/JPSS2 Imagery Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath IP 375m NRT

The Near Real Time (NRT) VIIRS/JPSS2 Imagery Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath, short-name VJ203IMG_NRT is the Joint Polar-orbiting Satellite System-2 (JPSS-2/NOAA-21) platform-derived NASA VIIRS L1 terrain-corrected geolocation product and contains the derived line-of-sight (LOS) vectors for each of the 375-m image-resolution or I-bands. The geolocation algorithm uses a number of inputs that include an Earth ellipsoid, geoid, and a digital terrain model along with the SNPP platform's ephemeris and attitude data, and knowledge of the VIIRS sensor and satellite geometry. It produces geodetic coordinates (latitude and longitude), and related parameters for each VIIRS L1 pixel. The VJ203IMG product includes geodetic latitude, longitude, surface height above the geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, sensor zenith and azimuth angles, land/water mask, and quality flag for every pixel location. VJ203IMG provides a fundamental input to derive a number of VIIRS I-band higher-level products.The J2 VIIRS geolocation underwent an on-orbit validation. Geolocation errors of about 350 m in the along-scan direction and about 165 m in the along-track direction were corrected for the image-resolution bands and moderate-resolution bands. The Day-Night band (DNB) geolocation error of about 2000 m was corrected. Further, the geolocation biases in the scan profile were also corrected. All these corrections bring the geolocation uncertainties for the J2 L1 products to within 75 m (1-sigma) in both the along-scan and along-track directions.

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VIIRS/JPSS2 Day/Night Band Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath 750m NRT

The Near Real Time (NRT) VIIRS/JPSS2 Day/Night Band Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath 750m, short-name VJ203DNB_NRT is the Joint Polar-orbiting Satellite System-2 (JPSS-2/NOAA-21) platform-based NASA VIIRS L1 terrain-corrected geolocation product, and contains the derived line-of-sight (LOS) vectors for the single panchromatic Day-Night band (DNB). The geolocation algorithm uses a number of inputs that include an Earth ellipsoid, geoid, and a digital terrain model along with the SNPP platform's ephemeris and attitude data, and knowledge of the VIIRS sensor and satellite geometry. It provides geodetic coordinates (latitude and longitude), and related parameters for each VIIRS L1 pixel. The VJ203DNB product includes geodetic latitude, longitude, surface height above the geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, lunar zenith and azimuth angles, sensor zenith and azimuth angles, land/water mask, moon illumination fraction and phase angle, and quality flag for every pixel location.The J2 VIIRS geolocation underwent an on-orbit validation. Geolocation errors of about 350 m in the along-scan direction and about 165 m in the along-track direction were corrected for the image-resolution bands and moderate-resolution bands. The Day-Night band (DNB) geolocation error of about 2000 m was corrected. Further, the geolocation biases in the scan profile were also corrected. All these corrections bring the geolocation uncertainties for the J2 L1 products to within 75 m (1-sigma) in both the along-scan and along-track directions.

VIIRS/JPSS1 Imagery Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6 Min L1 Swath 375m NRT

The VIIRS/JPSS1 Imagery Resolution Terrain Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath 375m Near Real Time (NRT) product, short-name VJ103IMG_NRT includes the geolocation fields that are calculated for each VIIRS imagery resolution band (I-band) Line of sight (LOS) for all orbits at the nominal resolution of 375 m. The locations and ancillary information correspond to the intersection of the centers of each Field of View (FOV) from 32 detectors in an ideal I-band on the Earth's surface. A digital terrain model is used to model the Earth's surface. The main inputs are the spacecraft attitude and orbit ephemeris data, the instrument telemetry and the digital elevation model. The geolocation fields contained within the VNP03IMG_NRT Geolocation files include geodetic latitude, longitude, surface height above the geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, satellite zenith and azimuth angles, and a land/water mask for each 375m sample. Additional information is included in the header to enable the calculation of the approximate location of the center of the detectors for any of the VIIRS bands. This product is used as input by a large number of subsequent VIIRS Imagery Resolution products, particularly those produced by the Land team.

VIIRS/NPP Moderate Resolution Terrain-Corrected Geolocation L1 6-Min Swath 750 m

The VIIRS/NPP Moderate Resolution Terrain-Corrected Geolocation 6-Min L1 Swath 750 m product, short-name VNP03MOD, contains the derived line-of-sight (LOS) vectors for each of the 750-m moderate-resolution, or M-bands. The geolocation algorithm uses a number of inputs that include an Earth ellipsoid, geoid, and a digital terrain model along with the SNPP platform’s ephemeris and attitude data, and knowledge of the VIIRS sensor and satellite geometry. It produces geodetic coordinates (latitude and longitude), and related parameters for each VIIRS L1 pixel. The VNP03MOD product includes geodetic latitude, longitude, surface height above the geoid, solar zenith and azimuth angles, sensor zenith and azimuth angles, land/water mask, and quality flag for every pixel location.