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736 results for “habitat distribution”
Plant forms, habitat and distribution: plant forms, habitat and distribution
Aggregated from various literature and online sources, see record level metadata for details.<p></p>Aggregated from literature and online database sources.
Figure 1 in Notes on the distribution and habitat of Omethes marginatus LeConte (Coleoptera: Omethidae)
Figure 1. Omethes marginatus LeConte. Photo by K.E. Schnepp.
Fig. 4 in Wild bees (Anthophila) of Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago) and their habitats: species diversity, distribution patterns and bee-plant network *
Fig. 4: Bipartite graph of the bee-plant network of Porto Santo.
Spatial Distribution and Habitat Usage of <i>Coryphopterus personatus</i> and <i>C. hyalinus</i> in Turneffe Atoll, Belize
<p>Data used to develop 3D models of coral reefs using structure-from-motion photogrammetry. The data used to generate photogrammetry models are pictures of the reef from ~1 m above the substratum and coordinates of ground control points for each of twelve distinct ~20 m x 10 m reef areas. The photogrammetry workflow to create the digital models included photo alignment, followed by geometry building, and lastly texture building using Agisoft Pro. Additionally included are the orthomosaics and digital elevation models derived from the 3D models and training data used to build a classification algorithm to classify reef vs sand benthic types using the site orthomosaics. Finally, the location and sizes of mixed shoals of <em>Coryphopterus personatus</em> and <em>Coryphopterus hyalinus</em> are included. All data were collected from Turneffe Atoll (17.3638° N, 87.8581° W), Belize in January 2017. These data are used in conjunction to develop a habitat usage model to understand what features of coral reefs are correlated with the distribution of <em>C. personatus</em>/<em>hyalinus. </em>All code associated with the analysis can be found here: <a href="https://github.com/jdselwyn/Habitat_Usage">https://github.com/jdselwyn/Habitat_Usage</a>.</p>
Data from: Gobbling across landscapes: Eastern wild turkey distribution and occupancy-habitat associations
<p>Extensive restoration and translocation efforts beginning in the mid-20<sup>th</sup> century helped to reestablish eastern wild turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo silvestris</i>) throughout their ancestral range. The adaptability of wild turkeys resulted in further population expansion in regions that were considered unfavorable during initial reintroductions across the northern United States. Identification and understanding of species distributions and contemporary habitat associations are important for guiding effective conservation and management strategies across different ecological landscapes. To investigate differences in wild turkey distribution across two contrasting regions, heavily forested northern Wisconsin, USA, and predominately agricultural southeast Wisconsin, we conducted 3,050 gobbling call-count surveys from March–May 2014–2018 and used multiseason correlated-replicate occupancy models to evaluate occupancy-habitat associations and distributions of wild turkeys in each study region. Detection probabilities varied widely and were influenced by sampling period, time of day, and wind speed. Spatial autocorrelation between successive stations was prevalent along survey routes but were stronger in our northern study area. In heavily forested northern Wisconsin, turkeys were more likely to occupy areas characterized by moderate availability of open land cover. Conversely, large agricultural fields decreased the likelihood of turkey occupancy in southeast Wisconsin, but occupancy probability increased as upland hardwood forest cover became more aggregated on the landscape. Turkeys in northern Wisconsin were more likely to occupy landscapes with less snow cover and a higher percentage of row crops planted in corn. However, we were unable to find supporting evidence in either study area that abandonment of turkeys from survey routes was associated with snow depth or with the percentage of agricultural cover. Spatially, model-predicted estimates of patch-specific occupancy indicated turkey distribution was nonuniform across northern and southeast Wisconsin. Our findings demonstrate that the environmental constraints of turkey occupancy varied across the latitudinal gradient of the state with open cover, snow, and row crops being influential in the north, and agricultural areas and hardwood forest cover important in the southeast. These forces contribute to non-stationarity in wild turkey-environmental relationships. Key habitat-occupancy associations identified in our results can be used to prioritize and strategically target management efforts and resources in areas that are more likely to harbor sustainable turkey populations.</p>
Predicting geographic distribution and habitat suitability of Opuntia streptacantha in paleoclimatic, current, and future scenarios in Mexico
<p>Geographical records. A total of 825 records (Figure 1), representing the natural distribution historically recognized for <em>O</em>. <em>streptacantha.</em></p> <p>Maps for past, current, and future models in QGIS format</p>
Local habitat type influences bumble bee pathogen loads and bee species distribution
<p>Bumble bees (<em>Bombus </em>spp.) perform important ecological services in both managed and natural ecosystems. Anthropogenically-induced change, however, has altered the availability of floral resources, climatic suitability, and exposure to insecticides, factors that impact overall health and disease levels in these bees. Habitat management presents a solution for improving bee health and biodiversity, but this requires better understanding of how different pathogens and bee species respond to habitat conditions. Herein, we take advantage of the washboard of repeated ridges (forested) and valleys (mostly unforested and developed) in central Pennsylvania to examine whether local variation in habitat type and other landscape factors influence bumble bee community composition and the levels of four leading pathogens in the common eastern bumble bee, <em>Bombus impatiens</em>. Loads of viral pathogens (deformed wing virus and black queen cell virus) were found to be lowest in forest habitats, whereas loads of a gut parasite, <em>Crithidia bombi</em>, were highest in forests. Ridgetop forests hosted the most diverse bumble bee communities, including several habitat specialists. <em>B. impatiens</em> was most abundant in valleys, and showed higher incidence in areas of greater disturbance, including more developed, unforested, and lower floral resource sites, a pattern that mirrors its success in the face of anthropogenic change. Additionally, DNA barcoding revealed that <em>B. sandersoni</em> is much more common than is apparent from databases, likely due to misidentification as mimics <em>B. perplexus</em> and <em>B. vagans</em>. Our results provide evidence that habitat type can play a large role in pathogen load dynamics, but in ways that differ by pathogen type, and point to a need for consideration of habitat at both macro-ecological and local spatial scale</p>
Data for: Aspects of distribution, abundance, habitat, and life history of the Caddo Madtom (Noturus taylori), a narrow endemic of the Ouachita Highlands
<p>The Caddo Madtom, <em>Noturus</em> <em>taylori</em>, is a small catfish endemic to the Ouachita Mountain ecoregion in Arkansas, with habitat altered by land use practices and reservoir dams. We examined aspects of distribution, abundance, habitat, and life history of <em>N. taylori</em> during seasonal sampling from winter 2016 through fall 2017. Our sampling data were concordant with previous studies that suggested <em>N. taylori</em> is more widespread and has higher catch per unit effort in the Caddo River drainage when compared to the upper Ouachita River drainage. We did not detect <em>N. taylori</em> in the Little Missouri River drainage, where it is presumed extirpated. A total of 370 individuals ranging from 14–76 mm (mean = 45.1 mm) standard length (SL) were collected during seasonal samples. Length-frequency analyses estimated a maximum age of 3 years for <em>N. taylori</em>, and we identified three discernable age classes with the emergence of young-of-year (age 0 cohort) in summer: age 0 (up to ~40 mm SL); age 1 (~41–60 mm SL); and age 2+ (>60 mm SL). Sites where <em>N. taylori</em> was captured had an average depth of 20.6 cm, an average base velocity of 0.18 m/sec, and were dominated primarily by a mix of gravel, pebble, and cobble. Despite the relatively higher abundances of <em>N. taylori</em> in the Caddo River, we recommend that long-term, periodic monitoring of <em>N. taylori</em> would be an important conservation tool to assess potential future changes in distribution, habitat, occurrence, and abundance. Future studies that implement occupancy and habitat suitability modeling are needed to better understand suitable and preferred habitat of <em>N. taylori</em>.</p>
Fijian habitat and invertebrate species distribution modelling
<p><strong>Aim</strong></p> <p>Spatially explicit protections of coastal habitats determined on the current distribution of species and ecosystems risk becoming obsolete in 100 years if the movement of species ranges outpaces management action. Hence, a critical step of conservation is predicting the efficacy of management actions in future. We aimed to determine how foundational, habitat‐building species will respond to climate change in Fiji.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong></p> <p>The Republic of Fiji.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>We develop species distribution models (SDMs) using MaxEnt, General Additive Models and Boosted Regression Trees and publicly available data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility to predict changes in distribution of suitable habitat for mangrove forests, coral habitat, seagrass meadows and critical fisheries invertebrates under several IPCC climate change scenarios in 2070 or 2100. We then overlay predicted distribution models onto existing Fijian protected area network to assess whether today's conservation measures will afford protection to tomorrow's distributions.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>We develop species distribution models (SDMs) using MaxEnt, General Additive Models and Boosted Regression Trees and publicly available data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility to predict changes in distribution of suitable habitat for mangrove forests, coral habitat, seagrass meadows and critical fisheries invertebrates under several IPCC climate change scenarios in 2070 or 2100. We then overlay predicted distribution models onto existing Fijian protected area network to assess whether today's conservation measures will afford protection to tomorrow's distributions.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong></p> <p>Species distribution models are a critical tool for conservation managers, as linking spatial distribution data with future climate change scenarios can aid in the creation and resiliency of protected area programmes. New protected area designations should consider the future distribution of species to maximize benefits to those taxa.</p>
Data associated with: Applying remote sensing for large-landscape problems: Inventorying and tracking habitat recovery for a broadly distributed Species At Risk
<ol> <li> <p><span>Anthropogenic habitat alteration is leading to the reduction of global biodiversity. Consequently, there is an imminent need to understand the state and trend of habitat alteration across broad areas. In North America, habitat alteration has been linked to the decline of threatened woodland caribou. As such, habitat protection and restoration are critical measures to support recovery of self-sustaining caribou populations. Broad estimates of habitat change through time have set the stage for understanding the status of caribou habitat. However, the lack of updated and detailed data on post-disturbance vegetation recovery is an impediment to recovery planning and monitoring restoration effectiveness. Advances in remote sensing tools to collect high-resolution data at large spatial scales are beginning to enable ecological studies in new ways to support ecosystem-based and species-based management.</span></p> </li> <li> <p><span>We used semi-automated and manual methodologies to fuse photogrammetry point clouds (PPC) from high-resolution aerial imagery with wide-area Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data to quantify vegetation structure (height, density, class) on disturbances associated with caribou declines. We also compared vegetation heights estimated from the semi-automated PPC-LiDAR fusion to heights estimated in the field, using stereoscopic interpretation, and using multi-channel TiTAN LiDAR.</span></p> </li> <li> <p><span>Vegetation regrowth was occurring on many of the disturbance types, though there was local variability in the type, height, and density of vegetation. Heights estimated using PPC-LiDAR fusion were highly correlated (r ≥ 0.87 in all cases) with heights estimated using stereomodels, TiTAN multi-channel LiDAR, and field measurements. </span></p> </li> <li> <p>We demonstrated that PPC-LiDAR fusion can be operationalized over large areas to collect comprehensive and consistent vegetation data across landscape levels, providing opportunities to link fine-resolution remote sensing to landscape-scale ecological studies. Crucially, these data can be used to estimate rates of habitat recovery at resolutions that are not feasible using more commonly used satellite-based sensors, bridging the gap between resolution and extent. Such data are needed to achieve effective and efficient habitat monitoring to support caribou recovery efforts, as well as a myriad of additional forest management needs.</p> </li> </ol>
Habitat distribution models for pygmy rabbits in Idaho
<p>Environmental relationships can differ across the geographic range of species, especially for widespread generalists. Because habitat specialists are more vulnerable to environmental changes, incorrect assumptions about consistent habitat associations could hinder strategic conservation efforts. We used species distribution models (SDMs) to evaluate intraspecific variation in habitat associations for a habitat specialist of conservation concern, the pygmy rabbit (<em>Brachylagus idahoensis</em>), which is endemic to the sagebrush biome of the western USA. Our goal was to model habitat associations for pygmy rabbits across a portion of their range to evaluate regional variation and contrast predictions with results from a model developed at the rangewide extent. We created inductive SDMs using maximum entropy methods within five ecological regions that encompassed about 20% of the species rangewide distribution and spanned diverse environmental gradients. We included a suite of environmental predictor variables representing topography, vegetation, climate, and soil characteristics. Results of the regional models identified substantial variation in habitat associations across the five regions, with each retaining a unique set of environmental predictors. Bioclimatic variables were the most influential environmental parameters in all five regions, but the specific variables differed. The models developed at regional extents predicted smaller areas of habitat (an average of 15% less for suitable habitat and 80% less for primary habitat) than predictions generated from a model developed at the rangewide extent. Because bioclimatic variables were effective in discriminating areas used by pygmy rabbits, they also provided an opportunity to assess potential changes in habitat distribution by incorporating future climate projections. Distributions modeled under two mid-century emission scenarios projected substantial reductions in suitable habitat for pygmy rabbits across most regions and pronounced variation among regions in the magnitude and direction of the climate effects. Collectively, results of this work underscore the need to incorporate regional variation in habitat associations into planning for current and future conservation and management strategies.</p>
Environmental drivers and distribution of cold-water corals in the global ocean - Habitat Suitability Models
<p><strong>Publication Abstract</strong></p> <p>Species distribution models (SDMs) are useful tools for identifying the distribution of marine species in data limited environments. Outputs from SDMs have been used to identify areas for spatial management, analyzing trawl closures, quantitatively measuring the risk of bottom trawling, and evaluating protected areas for improving conservation management. Cold-water corals are globally distributed habitat forming organisms that are vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts and climate change, but data deficiency remains an ongoing issue for the effective spatial management of these important ecosystem engineers. In this study, we constructed 11 environmental seabed variables at 500m resolution based on the latest multi-depth global datasets and high-resolution bathymetry. Ensemble modeling methods were used to predict the global habitat suitability for ten widespread cold-water coral species, including six reef Scleractinian framework-forming species and four large gorgonian species. Temperature, depth, salinity, terrain ruggedness index, carbonate saturation state and chlorophyll were the most important factors in determining the global distributions of these species. The Scleractinian species <em>Madrepora oculata</em> showed the widest niche breadth, whilst most other species demonstrated somewhat limited niche breadth. The shallowest study species, <em>Oculina varicosa</em>, had the most distinctive niche of the group. The model outputs from this study represent the highest resolution global predictions for these species to date and are valuable in aiding the management, conservation and continued research into cold-water coral species.</p> <p><strong>Data description</strong></p> <p>These datasets (compressed Zip archives) contain the habitat suitability model outputs generated for the publication Tong et al., (2023) doi: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1217851, please refer to the manuscript for methodological details. These files are provided in an ArcGIS compatible TIFF format that is readable by various GIS packages and can be imported to R. </p> <p>AA.zip = <em>Acanella arbuscula</em><br> DP.zip = <em>Desmophyllum pertusum</em> (former and now unaccepted synonym <em>Lophelia pertusa</em>)<br> ER.zip = <em>Enallopsammia rostrata</em><br> GD.zip = <em>Goniocorella dumosa</em><br> MO.zip = <em>Madrepora oculata</em><br> OV.zip = <em>Oculina varicosa</em><br> PA.zip = <em>Paragorgia arborea</em><br> PP.zip = <em>Paramuricea placomus</em><br> PR.zip = <em>Primnoa resedaeformis</em><br> SV.zip = <em>Solenosmilia variabilis</em></p>
The essential habitat role of a unique coastal inlet for a widely distributed apex predator
<p>Essential habitats support specific functions for species, such as reproduction, feeding or refuge. For highly-mobile aquatic species, identifying essential habitats within the wider distribution range is central to understanding species ecology, and underpinning effective management plans. This study examined the movement and space use patterns of sevengill sharks (<em>Notorynchus cepedianus</em>) in Caleta Valdés, a unique coastal habitat in northern Patagonia, Argentina. Seasonal residency patterns of sharks were evident, with higher detectability in late spring and early summer and lower during autumn and winter. The overlap between the residency patterns of sharks and their prey, elephant seals, suggests that Caleta Valdés functions as a seasonal feeding aggregation site for <em>N. cepedianus</em>. The study also found sexual differences in movement behavior, with males performing abrupt departures from Caleta Valdés and showing increased roaming with the presence of more sharks, and maximum detection probability at high tide. These movements could be related to different feeding strategies between sexes or mate-searching behavior, suggesting that Caleta Valdés may also be essential for reproduction. Overall, this study highlights the importance of coastal sites as essential habitats for <em>N. cepedianus</em> and deepens our understanding of the ecological role of this apex predator in marine ecosystems.</p>
The role of glaciations in the evolutionary history of a widely distributed Neotropical open habitat bird
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The Neotropics constitute the most biodiverse region of the world, yet its patterns of diversification and speciation differ among Neotropical areas and are not equally well understood. Particularly, avian evolutionary processes are understudied in the open habitats of temperate South America, where the role of glacial cycles is not clear. We analyzed the evolutionary history of a Neotropical widespread bird species as a case study to evaluate its continental-scale patterns and processes of diversification, with a focus on Patagonia.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Open habitats of the Neotropics.</p> <p><strong>Taxon:</strong> <em>Vanellus chilensis</em> (Aves, Charadriiformes).</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained reduced representation genomic and mitochondrial data from the four subspecies of <em>V. chilensis</em> to perform a phylogenetic/phylogeographic analysis and study the evolutionary history of the species. We complemented these analyses with the study of vocalizations, a reproductive signal in birds.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The initial diversification event within <em>V. chilensis</em>, approximately 600,000 years ago, split a Patagonian lineage from one containing individuals from the rest of the Neotropics. We found considerable gene flow between these two lineages and a contact zone in northern Patagonia and showed that genomic admixture extends to northwestern Argentina. Shallower divergence was detected between the two non-Patagonian subspecies, which are separated by the Amazon River. Vocalizations were significantly different between the two main lineages and were intermediate in their temporal and frequency characteristics in the contact zone.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Patagonian populations of <em>V. chilensis</em> are clearly differentiated from those of the rest of the Neotropics, possibly as a consequence of Pleistocene glaciations. A secondary contact zone in northern Patagonia with extensive gene flow among lineages appears to be the consequence of post-glacial, northward expansion of the Patagonian populations. Future analyses focused on the dynamics of the contact zone will allow us to establish whether the species continues to diverge or is homogenizing. </p>
Data from: Evolutionarily labile dispersal behavior and discontinuous habitats enhance population differentiation in island vs continentally distributed swallows
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>The causes of population divergence in vagile groups remain a paradox in evolutionary biology: dispersive species should be able to colonize new areas, a prerequisite for allopatric speciation, but dispersal also facilitates gene flow, which erodes population differentiation. Strong dispersal ability has been suggested to enhance divergence in patchy habitats and inhibit divergence in continuous landscapes, but empirical support for this hypothesis is lacking. Here we compared patterns of population divergence in a dispersive clade of swallows distributed across both patchy and continuous habitats. The Pacific Swallow (</span><em>Hirundo tahitica</em><span>) has an insular distribution throughout Southeast Asia and the Pacific, while its sister species, the Welcome Swallow (</span><em>H. neoxena</em><span>), has a continental distribution in Australia. We used whole-genome data to demonstrate strong genetic structure and limited introgression among insular populations, but not among continental populations. Demographic models show that historic changes in habitat connectivity have contributed to population structure within the cl</span>ade. Swallows appear to exhibit evolutionarily labile dispersal behavior in which they reduce dispersal propensity after island colonization despite retaining strong flight ability. Our data support the hypothesis that fragmented habitats enhance population differentiation in vagile groups, and suggest that labile dispersal behavior is a key mechanism underlying this pattern.</p>
Data from: Evolutionarily labile dispersal behavior and discontinuous habitats enhance population differentiation in island vs continentally distributed swallows
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Fijian habitat and invertebrate species distribution modelling
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Habitat suitability modeling to predict the spatial distribution of cold-water coral communities affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
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Data from: Gobbling across landscapes: Eastern wild turkey distribution and occupancy-habitat associations
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Modelling the potential global distribution of suitable habitat for the biological control agent Heterorhabditis indica
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.