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Fig. 2 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile

Fig. 2. River sections showing movement patterns (black lines) for each of the seven individuals of Diplomystes camposensis studied. a) RT 13, b) RT 14, c) RT 52, d) RT 61, e) RT 62, f) RT 63, g) RT 67. Note that scales are different in each case. Please refer to Fig. 1 for reference to the location of these areas within the main study area (San Pedro River).

Fig. 1 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile

Fig. 1. Study area showing the main course of the San Pedro River, which has its origin in the Riñihue Lake outlet. The confluence with the Quinchilca River is located 40 kilometres downstream, forming the Calle-Calle River. Zoomed area represents kernel home range for individual RT 13. Areas in dark grey, light grey, and white correspond to estimation using 95%, 70% and 50% density, respectively.

Fig. 4 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile

Fig. 4. Relationship between body mass (g) and Kernel home range (m2). Black circles, gray squares, and white pentagons correspond to Kernel estimation with 95%, 75%, and 50% density, respectively.

Fig. 3 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile

Fig. 3. Three measures of movement of Diplomystes camposensis. The x-axis shows six individuals and the combined data during day (D) and night time (N). The y-axis shows values of a) distance from E0 (m); b) Cumulative directional movement (m), and c) Average movement (m), differentiating between displacements upstream (positive) or downstream (negative) in direction. Black squares show mean value and whiskers show standard error. Individual R 52 not included here due to the lack of night measurements.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2014View details →

Figure 2 in Home range and foraging habitat selection by breeding lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) in Greece

Figure 2. Direction of movements exhibited by radio-tagged male and female lesser kestrels during (A) incubation and (B) nestling periods in central Greece, 2008.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2014View details →

Figure 3 in Home range and foraging habitat selection by breeding lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) in Greece

Figure 3. Percentage of foraging locations over used habitats (open columns) of radio-tagged male and female lesser kestrels in relation to habitat available (black columns) within home ranges, during breeding stages in central Greece, 2008.

opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →

Survival and home ranges of woodland birds in restoration plantings

Woodland birds are a species assemblage of conservation concern, and their persistence in fragmented agricultural landscapes is dependent on both the preservation of existing woodland remnants and the implementation of restoration plantings. However, little is known about the habitat-use and persistence of birds in fragmented agricultural landscapes. We present a detailed, population-oriented study of woodland birds in temperate eucalypt woodland restoration plantings and remnant woodland patches in the South-west Slopes bioregion of New South Wales, Australia. First, we undertook a three-year mark-recapture project to assess annual survival and site fidelity in restoration plantings and woodland remnants. We supplemented our recapture efforts with resightings of colour-banded individuals. Second, we tracked individual birds of two species – superb fairywren (Malurus cyaneus) and willie wagtail (Rhipidura leucophrys) – and documented snapshots of their home ranges and movement patterns during the breeding season. Annual survival in the woodland bird assemblage was lower than expected (51%). Home ranges of the superb fairywren were positively correlated with patch size, and were constrained by patch edges in linear sites. Superb fairywrens and willie wagtails were more likely to travel longer distances between substrates while foraging in linear sites. Willie wagtails engaged in significant gap-crossing (up to 400 m) between adjacent habitat patches. Our findings indicate that 1) patch isolation and certain patch configurations place resident birds at an energetic disadvantage, and 2) in our study area, woodland bird populations are continuing to decline. We recommend landscape-scale restoration programs aim to address ongoing population declines. Studies such as ours conducted over longer time periods would provide a deeper understanding of habitat-use and population processes of woodland birds in fragmented agricultural landscapes.

opencc-zeroSep 2019View details →

Bandicoots return to Booderee: initial survival, dispersal, home range and habitat preferences of reintroduced southern brown bandicoots (eastern sub species; Isoodon obesulus obesulus)

Context Reintroductions can be an effective means of re-establishing locally extinct or declining faunal populations. However, incomplete knowledge of variables influencing survival and establishment can limit successful outcomes. Aim We aimed to examine the factors (e.g. sex, body mass, release order) influencing the survival, dispersal, home range and habitat selection of reintroduced southern brown bandicoots (eastern subspecies; Isoodon obesulus obesulus) into an unfenced, predator-managed environment in south-eastern Australia (Booderee National Park). Methods Over 2 weeks in May 2016, six female and five male bandicoots were wild-caught in state forest and hard released into the park. Release locations were approximately evenly distributed between three primary vegetation types assessed as suitable habitat: heath, woodland and forest. Bandicoots were radio-tracked day and night for 4 weeks from the initial release date. Key results No mortality was detected. Males dispersed more than twice as far as females (male 704 m, female 332 m), but there was no significant sex bias in home range size. At the landscape scale, bandicoots preferentially selected home ranges that contained heath and avoided forest. Within home ranges, heath and woodland were both favoured over forest. Conclusions Post-release dispersal is sex-biased, but more data are required to determine the influence of other predictors such as body mass and release order. Within the release area, bandicoots favoured non-forest vegetation types. Implications Our study outlines factors influencing the establishment of reintroduced bandicoots. We recommend that future bandicoot reintroductions to Booderee National Park occur within areas of heath and woodland, and that subsequent releases consider the potentially larger spatial requirements and conspecific avoidance among male bandicoots. Our findings contribute new knowledge for improving translocation methods of a nationally endangered medium-sized mammal.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Female Soay sheep do not adjust their maternal care behaviour to the quality of their home range

Resource availability, through its impact on the costs and benefits of parental care, is expected to influence parental care behaviour. There has, to our knowledge, been no attempt to understand how variation in the resource use of wild individuals influences individual parental care behaviour. To understand how natural resource variability affects maternal care in female St. Kilda Soay sheep, we selected 69 females whose home ranges varied in quality (measured as the mean percentage cover of Holcus lanatus), and recorded the behaviour of each individual and her lamb over the period of maternal care. Home range quality did not influence suckling or non-suckling behaviours of the female or her lamb, suggesting that maternal care did not vary with a female's access to resources. Growth rate analyses confirmed the behavioural results, with no association between home range quality and the weight gain of lambs between birth and weaning. This work suggests that female Soay sheep faced with poorer resources do not favour their own future success over that of their lamb, and thereby do not exhibit a conservative reproductive strategy. This may be because when resource levels are high during the summer, females are able to offset the costs of lactation by consuming additional resources, regardless of the location of their home range. Our results suggest that more studies characterizing the environment experienced by individual animals will be necessary to fully understand how individuals alter their behaviour in response to temporal and spatial variation in the environment.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: From steps to home range formation: species-specific movement upscaling among sympatric ungulates

Animals move to interact with the environment in order to find food resources and cover. Intrinsic characteristics affecting feeding and antipredatory strategies likely shape variation in movement patterns and home range formation between individuals, populations and species. Browsing herbivores selectively forage on patchily distributed resources in areas with more canopy cover, whereas mixed feeders and grazers feed on more open grasslands and tend to aggregate as an antipredatory strategy. We therefore predicted that at small temporal scales, browsers will show greater net displacements (i.e. typical of searching patterns) than mixed feeders or grazers; but at larger temporal scales, we expect the opposite pattern, since gregarious species will need to use larger areas to feed the whole herd. We also predicted that the feeding/antipredatory strategy will determine the behavioural responses to other environmental factors. To test this, we compared spatial movement patterns at multiple scales (from 20-min intervals to annual home ranges) of three sympatric, similar-sized, alpine ungulates which differ in their feeding/antipredatory strategy: roe deer (solitary browsers), mouflon (gregarious grazers) and chamois (intermediate feeders in smaller groups). We used location data from GPS-collared females of the three species in the French Alps. As predicted, we found that multi-scale spatial patterns depended on the feeding/antipredatory strategy. Browsers foraged within smaller range areas, searching back and forth. Mixed feeders and, especially, grazers covered larger areas, presumably to satisfy herd needs. The feeding/antipredatory strategies also determined the interspecific variability in behavioural responses to factors such as maternal status, weather, habitat type or human disturbance, supporting our hypothesis. Exploring interspecific variability, we showed how movement behaviour and home range formation vary substantially, even among species within the same guild. This mechanism might be important to maintain intra-guild multi-species associations and increase biodiversity, through contributing to niche segregation and, thus, coexistence.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Staying close to home: Ecological constraints on space use and range fidelity of a mountain ungulate

Understanding patterns of animal space use and range fidelity has important implications for species and habitat conservation. For species that live in highly seasonal environments, such as mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus), spatial use patterns are expected to vary in relation to seasonal changes in environmental conditions and sex‐ or age-specific selection pressures. To address hypotheses about sex, age, and seasonality influence on space use ecology, we collected GPS location data from 263 radio‐collared mountain goats (males, n = 140; females, n =123) in coastal Alaska during 2005 – 2016. Location data were analyzed to derive seasonal and sex‐specific fixed-kernel home range estimates, and to quantify the degree of seasonal range and utilization distribution overlap. Overall, we determined that home range size was smallest during winter, expanded coincident with the onset of green-up and parturition, and were largest during summer. Home range size of males and females did not differ significantly during winter, but females had larger home ranges than males during summer; a relationship that was switched during the mating season. Pairwise comparisons involving individual females across subsequent years indicated home ranges were significantly smaller during years when they gave birth to offspring. Mountain goats exhibited a strong degree of range fidelity, and 99% (n =138) of individual animals returned to their previous year's seasonal range with an average annual Bhattacharyya's Affinity utilization distribution overlap index of 68%. Similarity of seasonal home range utilization distributions varied in relation to sex and season in some respects. Home range overlap was highest during the summer vegetation growing season, particularly among females. These findings advance our understanding about how environmental variation and sex- and age-related reproductive constraints influence space use and range fidelity among alpine ungulates. Documentation of the high degree of range fidelity among mountain goats has important conservation implications in landscapes increasingly altered by anthropogenic activities.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2019View details →

Figure 4 in Red deer on the move: home range size and mobility in Bulgaria

Figure 4. Home range (core and total area of the GPS-collared red deer: 1 - Central Balkan Mtn (individuals M00, M01, M1, M2, F3, M4, F5, M6, F7, M12, M13, M15); 2 - Rhodopi Mtn (individuals M14 and M16); 3 - North-eastern Bulgaria (individuals M10 and M11); 4 - Eastern Balkan Mtn (individuals F8 and M9).

opennotspecifiedDec 2010View details →

Figure 1 in Home range and habitat use by the roadside hawk, Rupornis magnirostris (Gmelin, 1788) (Aves: Falcaniformes) in southeastern Brazil

Figure 1. Area observation curves of five roadside hawks in southeastern Brazil.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Watermann LY, Rotert J, Erfmeier A (2022) Coming home: Back-introduced invasive genotypes might pose an underestimated risk in the species´ native range. NeoBiota 78: 159-183. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.78.91394

Supplementary information

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Estimation of the maximum utilization area including home range and peripheral sites

There is increasing evidence that occasional utilization area (peripheral sites), in addition to typical utilization area (home range), is important for wildlife conservation and management. Here we estimated the maximum utilization area (MUA), including both typical and occasional utilization areas, based on asymptotic curves of utilization area plotted against sample size. In previous studies, these curves have conventionally been plots of cumulative utilization area versus sample size, but this cumulative method is sensitive to stochastic effects. We propose a new method based on simulation studies where outcomes of replicated simulations are averaged to reduce stochastic effects. In this averaged method, possible combinations of sample size with the same number of location data replicated from a dataset were averaged and applied to the curves of utilization area. The cumulative method resulted in a large variation of MUA estimates, depending on the start date as well as the total sample size of the dataset. In the averaged method, MUA estimates were robust against changes in the start date and total sample size. The large variation of MUA estimates arose because location data on any day including the start date are affected by unpredictable effects associated with animal activity and environmental conditions. In the averaged method, replicates of sample size resulted in a reduction of temporal stochasticity, suggesting that the method stably provides reliable estimates for MUA.