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165 results for “interspecific variation”
Figure 3 from: Hassall M, Moss A, Dixie B, Gilroy JJ (2018) Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 5-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24934
Figure 3 Aggregation of isopod species differing in desiccation resistance at different temperatures. Mean ± 1 SE aggregation indices (variance:mean ratio) at 90% relative humidity. aP.scaber (F 4,249 = 3.76, p < 0.01) bA.vulgare (F 4,249 = 1.97, P < 0.01) cO.asellus (F 4, 249 = 12.22, P < 0.001) d thermal reaction norms for aggregation expressed as quadratic response curves for: P.scaber (dashed line): y = -11.519 + 1.526× - 0.04×2; A.vulgare (solid line): y = -3.534 + 0.574× 0.016×2; O.asellus (dotted line): y = -5.890 + 0.814× – 0.018×2.
Figure 4 from: Hassall M, Moss A, Dixie B, Gilroy JJ (2018) Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 5-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24934
Figure 4 Moisture reaction norms for a) sheltering and b) feeding behaviours with changing sand moisture content (time spent in behaviour as percentages of total observed behaviours). Lines represent linear regression models: A.vulgare (solid line) (sheltering: y = 95.24 – 1.05×; feeding: y = 0.32 + 0.03), P.scaber (dashed line) (sheltering: y = 96.72 – 0.19×; feeding: y= 0.22 + 0.05×), Ph.muscorum (dotted line) (sheltering: y = 93.14 – 2.16×; feeding: y = 0.36 + 0.55x). Further regression statistics and number of observations (N), are given in Table 1.
Figure 2 from: Hassall M, Moss A, Dixie B, Gilroy JJ (2018) Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 5-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24934
Figure 2 A schematic representation of a typical thermal response curve for enzymes (simplified from Huey and Kingsolver 1989). The temperature optimum is the temperature at which performance reaches its maximal level or peak performance. The performance breadth defines how steeply peaked (stenothermal) or broadly plateaued (eurythermal) the response curve is. Any part or the whole of such a curve can be considered to be a reaction norm of a genotype representing a range of phenotypes expressed across an environmental gradient, in this example, of temperature.
Figure 1 from: Hassall M, Moss A, Dixie B, Gilroy JJ (2018) Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 5-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24934
Figure 1 A conceptual diagram illustrating some of the pathways by which changes in global climate could potentially impact on rates of carbon dioxide emissions from soils. Both changes in temperature and in the levels and patterns of rainfall have strong direct effects on the metabolism of bacteria and fungi but their ecology and metabolism are also regulated by the extent to which they are stimulated by soil animals. Both functional (e.g., behavioural and physiological) responses and numerical (both life history and population) responses of soil animals are affected by their microclimate. This is in turn affected by larger scale changes in temperature and rainfall. Therefore, as well as their direct effect on microbial metabolism, these climatic variables have a strong indirect effect by influencing the behavioural, physiological, life history, and population processes of soil animals such as isopods.
Figure 6 from: Hassall M, Moss A, Dixie B, Gilroy JJ (2018) Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 5-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24934
Figure 6 Thermal reaction norm gradients for evaporation rate (water loss) for isopods from biomes differing in availability of moisture. Evaporation rate (g g-1 h-1× 10-2) standardised to a temperature range of 3.5 °C (from Edney 1951; Warburg 1965, 1987, 1989). Key to species: Lo Ligiaoceanica, Ph Philosciamuscorum, Oa Oniscusasellus, Ps Porcellioscaber, Av Armadillidiumvulgare, Ao Armadilloofficinalis, Aa Armadilloalbomarginatus, Po Porcellioolivieri, An Armadilliumnasatum, Ba Buddelundiaalbinogrisescens, Bf Buddelundiafrontosa, Va Veneziilloarizonicus, Bsp Buddelundia spp. probably lateralis, Hr Hemilepistusreaumurii, Sf Schizidiumfestai. Key to habitats: littoral (blue), mesic (green), xeric (yellow), semi-arid (orange) habitats in South Australia.
Figure 5 from: Hassall M, Moss A, Dixie B, Gilroy JJ (2018) Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 5-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24934
Figure 5 Gradients of moisture reaction norms for respiration of isopods differing in their resistance to desiccation. Reaction norms over the range 50–100% relative humidity for respiratory rates measured as rates of oxygen uptake (mm3 mm-2 body surface h-1) (Edney 1968). Key to species: Lo Ligiaoceanica, Oa Oniscusasellus, Ps Porcellioscaber, Av Armadillidiumvulgare. Key to habitats: littoral (blue), mesic (green).
Interspecific variation in non-breeding aggregation: a multi-colony tracking study of two sympatric seabirds
<p>Migration is a widespread strategy for escaping unfavourable conditions during winter, but the extent to which populations that segregate during the breeding season aggregate during the non-breeding season is poorly understood. Low non-breeding season aggregation may be associated with higher likelihood of overlap with threats, but with fewer populations affected, whereas high aggregation may result in a lower probability of exposure to threats, but higher overall severity. We investigated non-breeding distributions and extent of population aggregation in 2 sympatrically breeding auks. We deployed geolocation-immersion loggers on common guillemots <em>Uria aalge</em> and razorbills <em>Alca torda</em> at 11 colonies around the northern UK and tracked their movements across 2 non-breeding seasons (2017-18 and 2018-19). Using 290 guillemot and 135 razorbill tracks, we mapped population distributions of each species and compared population aggregation during key periods of the non-breeding season (post-breeding moult and mid-winter), observing clear interspecific differences. Razorbills were largely distributed in the North Sea, whereas guillemot distributions were spread throughout Scottish coastal waters and the North, Norwegian and Barents Seas. We found high levels of aggregation in razorbills and a strong tendency for colony-specific distributions in guillemots. Therefore, razorbills are predicted to have a lower likelihood of exposure to marine threats, but more severe potential impact due to the larger number of colonies affected. This interspecific difference may result in divergent population trajectories, despite the species sharing protection at their breeding sites. We highlight the importance of taking whole-year distributions into account in spatial planning to adequately protect migratory species.</p>
Interspecific variation in evaporative water loss and temperature response, but not metabolic rate, among hibernating bats
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Data from: Introgression study reveals two quantitative trait loci involved in interspecific variation in memory retention among Nasonia wasp species
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Data from: Intraspecific and interspecific variation in thermotolerance and photoacclimation in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates
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Data from: One QTL for intra- and interspecific variation in a sex pheromone
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Data from: Lifespan and reproductive cost explain interspecific variation in the optimal onset of reproduction
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Figure 4. Cranium shape changes between B. bufo and B in Interspecific and intraspecific size and shape variation in skull of two closely related species Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) and Bufo verrucosissimus (Pallas, 1814) from Turkey
Figure 4. Cranium shape changes between B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus.
Data from: Interspecific Y chromosome variation is sufficient to rescue hybrid male sterility and is influenced by the grandparental origin of the chromosomes
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Biomarker genes highlight intraspecific and interspecific variations in the responses of Pinus taeda L. and Pinus radiata D. Don to Sirex noctilio F. acid gland secretions
GEO Series GSE40000. Pinus taeda. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
FIGURE 3 in Osteological characterization of four putative species of the genus Adenomera (Anura: Leptodactylidae), with comments on intra- and interspecific variation
FIGURE 3. Pectoral girdle of OTU 1, QCAZ 6192 from Ecuador (ventral view). c: clavicle; cl: cleithrum; co: coracoid; e: epicoracoid; e–h: epicoracoidal horns; ep: episternum; g–c: glenoid cavity; m: mesosternum; o: omosternum; p: procoracoid; p–a: pars acromialis; p–g: pars glenoidalis; sc: scapula; ssc: suprascapula; x: xiphisternum.
FIGURE 2 in Osteological characterization of four putative species of the genus Adenomera (Anura: Leptodactylidae), with comments on intra- and interspecific variation
FIGURE 2. Hyoid of OTU 1, QCAZ 6192 from Ecuador. a–m: anteromedial process; a–p: alary process; ar: arytenoids; cr: cricoid; h: hyale process; h–p: hyoid plate; pl–p: posterolateral process; p–m: posteromedial process. Mandible. a: angulosplenial; d: dentary; Mk–c: Meckel's cartilage; mmk: mentomeckelian.
Data from: PyroClean: Denoising pyrosequences from protein-coding amplicons for the recovery of interspecific and intraspecific genetic variation
[No abstract entered]
Figure 5 in Intraspecific versus interspecific variation in Miocene Great Basin mylagaulids: implications for systematics and evolutionary history
Figure 5. Cranial morphology of UCMP 316437, the skull of a juvenile Alphagaulus vetus. A, ventral view; B, lateral view.Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 19 in Intraspecific or interspecific variation: delimitation of species boundaries within the genus Gammarus (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae), with description of four new species
Figure 19. Gammarus parvioculus sp. nov., male. A, head; B, antenna 1; C, antenna 2; D, upper lip; E, right incisor and lacinia mobilis; F, left mandible; G, lower lip; H, left maxilla 1; I, outer plate of left maxilla 1; J, maxilla 2; K, maxilliped; L, inner plate of maxilliped; M, palp of right maxilla 1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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