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openOpenJul 2009View details →

Changes in vegetation in northern Alaska under scenarios of climate change, 2003-2100: II - Change in net primary production (NPP)

This data has npp values from northern AK based on a modeling study for the years 2003-2100. See Euskirchen et al., 2009 for more information. This file contains data for Figure 4.

openOpenJul 2009View details →

Changes in vegetation in northern Alaska under scenarios of climate change, 2003-2100: III - Decadal net primary productivity (NPP) and heterotrophic respiration

These data contain NPP, NEP, and RH values from northern AK based on a modeling study for the years 2003-2100. See Euskirchen et al., 2009 for more information. V This file contains data for Figure 5.

openCC (other)Oct 2019View details →

Annual ground-based photographs taken at 15 net primary production (NPP) study sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1996-ongoing

This data package contains a list of ground-based photographs taken at fifteen Net Primary Production (NPP) study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. At each site, a 1 hectare area was fenced in 1988 and a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when vegetation sampling began in 1989. Beginning in 1996, annual photos were taken from each of the 4 corners of each of the 15 70-meter x 70-meter NPP sites between August and November, depending on other research activity constraints. From 1996-2002 photos were taken using 35mm color slide film. Beginning in 2003, digital photos were taken in JPG format. Occasionally, supplemental photos may be taken at the same time that provide additional habitat information at the landscape, patch, or plant species level. No photographs were taken in 2013. Photo files (.jpeg format) are included in annual ZIP archives attached to this data package. This is an ongoing dataset that is updated once per year.

openCC (other)Aug 2013View details →

Annual primary productivity in control plots at a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh at Goat Island, North Inlet, Georgetown, SC.

Annual productivity is determined from aboveground biomass data at permanent, high marsh, control plots in a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh in North Inlet, Georgetown, SC.

openCustomFeb 2020View details →

SBC LTER: Reef: Net primary production, growth and standing crop of Macrocystis pyrifera in Southern California

This data package has been deprecated because the models/methods have been changed. Please see the new data package using updated models: Updated Kelp NPP packages. These data are a time series of net primary production (NPP), growth and standing crop for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, that is appropriate for examining seasonal and inter-annual patterns across multiple sites. The standing crop and loss rates of M. pyrifera are measured monthly in permanent plots at three sites in the Santa Barbara Channel, USA. Collection of these data began in May 2002 and is ongoing. Seasonal estimates of NPP and growth rate are made by combining the field data with a model of kelp dynamics. The dataset includes plant density in each plot and censuses of fronds on tagged plants at each site. NPP, mass specific growth rate and standing crop are presented in four metrics (wet mass, dry mass, carbon mass and nitrogen mass) to facilitate comparisons with previous studies of M. pyrifera and with NPP measured in other ecosystems. A subset of these data covering the time period 2002-05-01 to 2007-12-31 were contributed to Ecological Archives as Data Paper E089-119-D1 in 2008 (citation: Andrew Rassweiler, Katie K. Arkema, Daniel C. Reed, Richard C. Zimmerman, and Mark A. Brzezinski. 2008. Net primary production, growth, and standing crop of Macrocystis pyrifera in southern California. Ecology 89:2068).

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2020View details →

Effects of anthropogenic activity on global terrestrial gross primary production (LAI and FAPAR)

This data set contains the 100-member ensembles of monthly leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) estimated using GIMMS3g LAI and FAPAR and d4PDF air temperature  by the method described in Sasai et al. (2016) for historical and non-warming climates in 1951-2010/2011. Data is 0.5625-degree (640×320) 4-byte binary (.raw). Undefined value is -9999. For more details, please check the ReadmeVeg.pdf If you questions, please contact Irina Melnikova (irina.melnikova.russia@gmail.com)

opencc-zeroMar 2017View details →

Gross primary production responses to warming, elevated CO2 , and irrigation: quantifying the drivers of ecosystem physiology in a semiarid grassland

Determining whether the terrestrial biosphere will be a source or sink of carbon (C) under a future climate of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and warming requires accurate quantification of gross primary production (GPP), the largest flux of C in the global C cycle. We evaluated 6 years (2007–2012) of flux‐derived GPP data from the Prairie Heating and CO2 Enrichment (PHACE) experiment, situated in a grassland in Wyoming, USA. The GPP data were used to calibrate a light response model whose basic formulation has been successfully used in a variety of ecosystems. The model was extended by modeling maximum photosynthetic rate (Amax) and light‐use efficiency (Q) as functions of soil water, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit, vegetation greenness, and nitrogen at current and antecedent (past) timescales. The model fits the observed GPP well (R2 = 0.79), which was confirmed by other model performance checks that compared different variants of the model (e.g. with and without antecedent effects). Stimulation of cumulative 6‐year GPP by warming (29%, P = 0.02) and eCO2 (26%, P = 0.07) was primarily driven by enhanced C uptake during spring (129%, P = 0.001) and fall (124%, P = 0.001), respectively, which was consistent across years. Antecedent air temperature (Tairant) and vapor pressure deficit (VPDant) effects on Amax (over the past 3–4 days and 1–3 days, respectively) were the most significant predictors of temporal variability in GPP among most treatments. The importance of VPDant suggests that atmospheric drought is important for predicting GPP under current and future climate; we highlight the need for experimental studies to identify the mechanisms underlying such antecedent effects. Finally, posterior estimates of cumulative GPP under control and eCO2 treatments were tested as a benchmark against 12 terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs). The narrow uncertainties of these data‐driven GPP estimates suggest that they could be useful semi‐independent data streams for validating TBMs.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

The reasonable application of Bayesian multi-model averaging to produce gross primary production with high quality in China

To reduce the uncertainties of output data from the Multi-scale Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP), Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) was trained by observed GPP from ChinaFLUX and a set of monthly 0.5° by 0.5° GPP data from 1948 to 2010 for China was produced.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Food webs obscure the strength of plant diversity effects on primary productivity

Plant diversity experiments generally find that increased diversity causes increased productivity; however, primary productivity is typically measured in the presence of a diverse food web, including pathogens, mutualists and herbivores. If food web impacts on productivity vary with plant diversity, as predicted by both theoretical and empirical studies, estimates of the effect of plant diversity on productivity may be biased. We experimentally removed arthropods, foliar fungi and soil fungi from the longest-running plant diversity experiment. We found that fungi and arthropods removed a constant, large proportion of biomass leading to a greater reduction of total biomass in high diversity plots. As a result, the effect of diversity on measured plant productivity was much higher in the absence of fungi and arthropods. Thus, diversity increases productivity more than reported in previous studies that did not control for the effects of heterotrophic consumption.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Net primary production from the Eppley-VGPM, Behrenfeld-VGPM, Behrenfeld-CbPM, Westberry-CbPM and Silsbe-CAFE algorithms

Net primary production (mg C m-2 d-1) calculated from the Eppley-VGPM, Behrenfeld-VGPM, Behrenfeld-CbPM, Westberry-CbPM and Silsbe-CAFE algorithms. MLD data taken from HADLEY EN4.2.2 using the density criterion of 0.03 kg m-3.  Data on a regular 25km grid at a 8 day resolution. Version 1.1 Fixed minor issues with: <ol> <li>Conversion of bbp(443) to phytoplankton carbon.</li> <li>Missing values at ~180W.</li> </ol>   Version 1.2 <ol> <li>Updated to include 2023.</li> <li>Westberry-CbPM Nitracline depth updated with World Ocean Atlas 2023 Nitrate Data.</li> <li>Silsbe-CAFE bbwater calculations updated with World Ocean Atlas 2023 Salinity Data.</li> <li>File structure compressed using Zlib.</li> </ol> Please note for Westberry-CbPM and Silsbe-CAFE all years were reprocessed.   Version 1.3 <ol> <li>Updated to include 2024.</li> </ol> Version 1.3.1 <ol> <li>Replaced Behrenfeld-VGPM file which had errors.</li> </ol>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Data For "Impact of dust and temperature on primary productivity in Late Miocene oceans"

Impact of dust and temperature on primary productivity in Late Miocene oceans   This dataset contains marine biogeochemical outputs (NetCDF files) from modeling experiments with realistic late Miocene paleogeography, different CO2 levels and dust concentrations. The simulations focus on the evolution of primary productivity in response to aridification and global cooling. The simulations were carried out using the IPSL-CM5A2 general circulation model (Sepulchre et al. 2020 - IPSL-CM5A2 - an Earth system model designed for multimillennial climate simulations, GMD) and the PISCES-v2 biogeochemistry model (Aumont et al. 2015). It includes four simulations: Mio300Dust (300 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level), Mio420Dust2 (420 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level divided by 2), Mio420Dust10 (420 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level divided by 10) and Mio420NoDust (420 ppm, dust concentration equal to pre-industrial level divided by 1000). The data are monthly averages over the last 100 years of the simulations.   Contact: quentin.pillot@gmail.com   Experiments , see Pillot et al. (2024), Methods ans supplementary Informations for details.   INTPP : Vertically integrated primary production by phyto (mol/m2/s) EPC100 : Export of carbon particles at 100 m (mol/m2/s) LNlight : Light limitation term in Nanophyto (between 0 and 1) LNnut : Nutrient limitation term in Nanophyto (between 0 and 1) PPPHY : Primary production of nanophyto (mol/m3/s) PPPHY2 : Primary production of diatoms (mol/m3/s) Ndep : Nitrogen deposition from dust (mol/m2/s) Pdep : Phosphorus deposition from dust (mol/m2/s) Sidep : Silice deposition from dust (mol/m2/s) Irondep : Iron deposition from dust (mol/m2/s)   Keywords: Late Miocene, marine primary productivity, aridification, dust, CO2, cooling, oceans, modelling, IPSL-CM5A2, PISCES-v2

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Response to Sea Surface Temperature and Primary Productivity to change in Earth's Orbit Eccentricity - Simulations

This dataset contains ocean and ocean biogeochemistry outputs from modeling experiments with present-day geography and various Earth's orbit confiurations. The set of simulation targets the role of Eccentricity on the tropical ocean sea surface temperature and primary productivity (Beaufort & Sarr, 2024) . The simulations have been run using the IPSL-CM5A2 General Circulation Model (Sepulchre et al. 2020 - IPSL-CM5A2 – an Earth system model designed formulti-millennial climate simulations, GMD) and offline version of PISCESv2 model (Aumont et al., 2015 - PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies, GMD). It includes 4 simulations. Data are monthly averages over the last 100 years of the simulations. Complementary outputs (4 simulations) can be found at https://www.seanoe.org/data/00728/84031/ (Beaufort et al., 2022)

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: Urbanization and primary productivity mediate the predator-prey relationship between deer and coyotes

Predator-prey interactions are important to regulating populations and structuring communities but are affected by many dynamic, complex factors, across larges-scales, making them difficult to study. Integrated population models (IPMs) offer a potential solution to understanding predator-prey relationships by providing a framework for leveraging many different datasets and testing hypotheses about interactive factors. Here, we evaluate the coyote-deer (Canis latrans – Odocoileus virginianus) predator-prey relationship across the state of North Carolina (NC). Because both species have similar habitat requirements and may respond to human disturbance, we considered net primary productivity (NPP) and urbanization as key mediating factors. We estimated deer survival and fecundity by integrating camera trap, harvest, biological and hunter observation datasets into a two-stage, two-sex Lefkovich population projection matrix. We allowed survival and fecundity to vary as functions of urbanization, NPP and coyote density and projected abundance forward to test eight hypothetical scenarios. We estimated initial average deer and coyote densities to be 11.83 (95% CI: 5.64, 20.80) and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.02, 1.45) individuals/km2, respectively. We found a negative relationship between current levels of coyote density and deer fecundity in most areas which became more negative under hypothetical conditions of lower NPP or higher urbanization, leading to lower projected deer abundances. These results suggest that coyotes could have stronger effects on deer populations in NC if their densities rise, but primarily in less productive and/or more suburban habitats. Our case study provides an example of how IPMs can be used to better understand the complex relationships between predator and prey under changing environmental conditions.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

A global 0.05° dataset for gross primary production of sunlit and shaded vegetation canopies (1992–2020)

Distinguishing gross primary production of sunlit and shaded leaves (GPPsun and GPPshade) is crucial for improving our understanding of the underlying mechanisms regulating long-term GPP variations. Here we produce a global 0.05°, 8-day dataset for GPP, GPPshade and GPPsun over 1992-2020 using an updated two-leaf light use efficiency model (TL-LUE), which is driven by the GLOBMAP leaf area index, CRUJRA meteorology, and ESA-CCI land cover. Our products estimate the mean annual totals of global GPP, GPPsun, and GPPshade over 1992-2020 at 125.0±3.8 (mean ± std) Pg C a-1, 50.5±1.2 Pg C a-1, and 74.5±2.6 Pg C a-1, respectively, in which EBF (evergreen broadleaf forest) and CRO (crops) contribute more than half of the totals. They show clear increasing trends over time, in which the trend of GPP (also GPPsun and GPPshade) for CRO is distinctively greatest, and that for DBF (deciduous broadleaf forest) is relatively large and GPPshade overwhelmingly outweighs GPPsun. This new dataset advances our in-depth understanding of large-scale carbon cycle processes and dynamics.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Linking variation in planktonic primary production to coral reef fish growth and condition

Within low nutrient tropical oceans, islands and atolls with higher primary production support higher reef fish biomass and reef organism abundance. External energy subsidies can be delivered onto reefs via a range of physical mechanisms. However, the influence of spatial variation in primary production on reef fish growth and condition is largely unknown. It is not yet clear how variability in food delivery onto a reef interacts with reef depth and slope, and affects reef fish productivity. Here we test the hypothesis that with increased proximity to deep-water oceanic allochthonous nutrient sources, or at sites where transportation of these water bodies onto reefs is facilitated by shallower reef slopes, parameters of fish growth and condition will be higher, and this pattern will be further emphasised in areas naturally higher in primary production. Contrary to expectations, we found no association between fish growth rate and sites with higher mean chlorophyll values. There were no differences in δ15N or δ13C values in fish collected at greater depths across reefs, suggesting a homogeneous primary production resource. However, the relationship between fish condition and primary production was influenced by depth of collection, driven by higher fish condition at shallow depths within a study site which is a 'hotspot' of primary production. Carbon δ13C values were depleted at sites with increasing primary production, and this trend was reversed by an interactive effect with shallower reef slopes. Our results indicate that deep-water ocean nutrient influences did not translate into observable increases in overall population growth in planktivorous Chromis fieldi within the 10–17.5 m depth range, but show the importance of site specific variation in hydrodynamics and reef physical characteristics influencing fish carbon isotopic composition and condition.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Ecological drivers of avian diversity in a subtropical landscape: effects of habitat diversity, primary productivity and anthropogenic disturbance

Understanding the roles of ecological drivers in shaping biodiversity is fundamental for conservation practice. In this study, we explored the effects of elevation, conservation status, primary productivity, habitat diversity, and anthropogenic disturbance (represented by human population density and birding history) on taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional avian diversity in a subtropical landscape in southeastern China. We conducted bird surveys using 1-km transects across a total of 30 sites, of which 10 sites were located within a natural reserve. Metrics of functional diversity were calculated based on six functional traits (body mass, clutch size, dispersal ratio, sociality, diet and foraging stratum). We built simultaneous autoregression models to assess the association between the ecological factors and diversity of the local avian communities. Local avian diversity generally increased with increasing habitat diversity, human population density and primary productivity. We also detected phylogenetic and functional clustering in these communities, suggesting that the avian assemblages were structured mainly by environmental filtering, rather than interspecific competition. Compared to sites outside the natural reserve, sites within the natural reserve had relatively lower avian diversity but a higher level of phylogenetic heterogeneity.