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180 results for “range shift”
Data from: From past to future: impact of climate change on range shifts and genetic diversity patterns of circumboreal plants
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Range shift and climatic refugia for alpine lichens under climate changes
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Priority effects will impede range shifts of temperate tree species into the boreal forest
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Does habitat or climate change drive species range shifts?
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Data from: Sex-specific shifts in morphology and colour pattern polymorphism during range expansion of an invasive lizard
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Predators balance consequences of climate-change induced habitat shifts for range-shifting and resident species
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Data from: Forecasting range shifts of a cold-adapted species under climate change: are genomic and ecological diversity within species crucial for future resilience?
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Code from: The role of intrinsic factors in explaining range shifts of European breeding birds: A meta-analysis
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Data from: Towards an interactive, process‐based approach to understanding range shifts: developmental and environmental dependencies matter
Many species are undergoing distributional changes in response to climate change. However, wide variability in range shifting rates has been observed across taxa, and even among closely-related species. Attempts to link climate-mediated range shifts to traits has often produced weak or conflicting results. Here we investigate interactive effects of developmental processes and environmental stress on the expression of traits relevant to range shifts. We use an individual-based modelling approach to assess how different developmental strategies affect range shift rates under a range of environmental conditions. We find that under stressful conditions, such as at the margins of the species' fundamental niche, investment in prolonged development leads to the greatest rates of range shifting, especially when longer time in development leads to of improved fecundity and dispersal-related traits. However, under benign conditions, and when traits are less developmentally plastic, shorter development times are preferred for rapid range shifts, because higher generational frequency increases the number of individual dispersal events occurring over time. Our results suggest that the ability of a species to range shift depends not only on their dispersal and colonisation characteristics but also how these characteristics interact with developmental strategies. Benefits of any trait always depended on the environmental and developmental sensitivity of life history trait combinations, and the environmental conditions under which the range shift takes place. Without considering environmental and developmental sources of variation in the expression of traits relevant to range shifts, there is little hope of developing a general understanding of intrinsic drivers of range shift potential
Data from: Contemporary climate-driven range shifts: putting evolution back on the table
As the climate continues to change, species are moving to track their historical niches. Although we are gaining a clearer picture of where and how quickly species ranges are moving, a mechanistic understanding of these changes is still nascent. Evolutionary changes in ranges and range-limiting traits over contemporary timescales has received relatively little attention, possibly due to the mismatch in scale between rapid contemporary range shifts and the historical evolution of species ranges over millions of years. But recent experimental work has shown that range-limiting traits can evolve rapidly over decadal timescales, effectively putting evolution back on the table towards the goal of a mechanistic understanding of contemporary range shifts. Here I review the role of evolution in shaping range shift responses to recent climate change from the perspective of the past (shared evolutionary history, or phylogenetic signal in range shifts and range-limiting traits), present (variation in range-limiting traits), and future (incorporating evolution of range-limiting traits into range forecasts from species distribution models). In each of these areas, I found a critical role for evolution in understanding historical constraints and future changes in species ranges over contemporary timescales: shared evolutionary history may constrain range shift responses for some taxa; compensatory mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity and adaptive evolution can modulate the range shift response; and incorporating evolution into species distribution models can qualitatively alter forecasts of future range shifts. Yet, more can be done in this context, and so I conclude by outlining near- and long-term goals for improving our understanding of the role of evolution in shaping species ranges in a rapidly changing world.
Data from: Linking species thermal tolerance to elevational range shifts in upland dung beetles
Climate warming has been proposed as the main cause of the recent range shifts seen in many species. Although species' thermal tolerances are thought to play a key role in determining responses to climate change, especially in ectotherms, empirical evidence is still limited. We investigate the connection between species' thermal tolerances, elevational range and shifts in the lower elevational limit of dung beetle species (Coleoptera, Aphodiidea) in an upland region in the northwest of England. We measured thermal tolerances in the laboratory, and used current and historical distribution data to test specific hypotheses about the area's three dominant species, particularly the species most likely to suffer from warming: Agollinus lapponum. We found marked differences between species in their minimum and maximum thermal tolerance and in their elevational range and patterns of abundance. Overall, differences in thermal limits among species matched the abundance patterns along the elevation gradient expected if distributions were constrained by climate. A. lapponum abundance increased with elevation and this species showed lower maximum and minimum thermal limits than Acrossus depressus, for which abundance declined with elevation. Consistent with lower tolerance to high temperature, we recorded an uphill retreat of the low elevation limit of A. lapponum (177 m over 57 years) in line with the increase in summer temperature observed in the region over the same period. Moreover, this species has been replaced at low and mid-elevations by the other two warm-tolerant species (A. depressus and Agrilinus ater). Our results provide empirical evidence that species' thermal tolerance constrains elevational ranges and contributes to explain the observed responses to climate warming. A mechanistic understanding of how climate change directly affects species, such as the one presented here, will provide a robust base to inform predictions of how individual species and whole assemblages may change in the future.
Data from: Fitness declines toward range limits and local adaptation to climate affect dispersal evolution during climate-induced range shifts
Dispersal ability will largely determine whether species track their climatic niches during climate change, a process especially important for populations at contracting (low-latitude/low-elevation) range limits that otherwise risk extinction. We investigate whether dispersal evolution at contracting range limits is facilitated by two processes that potentially enable edge populations to experience and adjust to the effects of climate deterioration before they cause extinction: (i) climate-induced fitness declines towards range limits and (ii) local adaptation to a shifting climate gradient. We simulate a species distributed continuously along a temperature gradient using a spatially explicit, individual-based model. We compare range-wide dispersal evolution during climate stability vs. directional climate change, with uniform fitness vs. fitness that declines towards range limits (RLs), and for a single climate genotype vs. multiple genotypes locally adapted to temperature. During climate stability, dispersal decreased towards RLs when fitness was uniform, but increased when fitness declined towards RLs, due to highly dispersive genotypes maintaining sink populations at RLs, increased kin selection in smaller populations, and an emergent fitness asymmetry that favoured dispersal in low-quality habitat. However, this initial dispersal advantage at low-fitness RLs did not facilitate climate tracking, as it was outweighed by an increased probability of extinction. Locally adapted genotypes benefited from staying close to their climate optima; this selected against dispersal under stable climates but for increased dispersal throughout shifting ranges, compared to cases without local adaptation. Dispersal increased at expanding RLs in most scenarios, but only increased at the range centre and contracting RLs given local adaptation to climate.
Elevation alters outcome of competition between resident and range-shifting species
<p>Species' geographic range shifts towards higher latitudes and elevations are among the most frequently reported consequences of climate change. However, the role of species interactions in setting range margins remains poorly understood. We used cage experiments in ponds to test competing hypotheses about the role of abiotic and biotic mechanisms for structuring range boundaries of an up-slope range-shifting caddisfly <i>Limnephilus picturatus. </i>We found that competition with a ubiquitous species <i>Limnephilus externus</i> significantly decreased <i>L. picturatus</i> survival and emergence at subalpine elevations supporting the notion that species interactions play a critical role in determining up-slope range limits. However, without competitors, <i>L. picturatus</i> survival was greater at high-elevation than low-elevation sites. This was contrary to decreases in body mass (a proxy for fecundity) with elevation regardless of the presence of competitors. We ultimately show that species interactions can be important for setting up-slope range margins. Yet our results also highlight the complications in defining what may be abiotically stressful for this species and the importance of considering multiple demographic variables. Understanding how species ranges will respond in a changing climate will require quantifying species interactions and how they are influenced by the abiotic context in which they play out.</p>
Data for: Modeling climate-driven range shifts in populations of two bird species limited by habitat independent of climate
<p>Ranges of species around the world are expected to contract in response to climate change. Species distribution models (SDMs) are a powerful tool for predicting changes in habitat availability, but the variables selected to create SDMs influence their performance. In addition to climate, habitat characteristics and species traits can play a role in predicted species distribution. In this paper, we consider how variable selection influences the accuracy of SDMs when applied to isolated subpopulations of two widely distributed bird species: the great gray owl (<em>Strix</em> <em>nebulosa</em>) and the willow flycatcher (<em>Empidonax</em> <em>traillii</em>). In the Sierra Nevada of California, these species are restricted largely to discrete patches of meadow habitat within a forest matrix, providing the potential to identify specific locations to target conservation efforts. We contrast predictions made by SDMs that consider climatic variables alone with those that incorporate both climate and geophysical variables. Adding geophysical variables resulted in differing model predictions. For willow flycatchers, adding geophysical variables improved predictive performance. In the case of great gray owls, models with and without geophysical variables had nearly identical performance under historical conditions but differed starkly in their predictions. The full model (climatic and geophysical variables) predicted habitat availability to decrease moderately, whereas the climate-only model predicted nearly complete loss of favorable habitat by 2099. The climate-only model is consistent with expectations based on previous SDMs of birds across North America, but previous studies also assume homogeneity in species traits and range-wide habitat requirements. The full model appears more consistent with recent trends in great gray owl numbers in the Sierra Nevada specifically, where the population has remained relatively stable over recent decades. Given contradictions in our model predictions, care should be taken when trying to apply similar SDM models to other systems.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Heterobranch Sea Slug Range Shifts in the Northeast Pacific Ocean associated with the 2015-16 El Niño
FIGURE 2. Nudibranch sea slugs found at new northern localities in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean, 2015–2017. A Doris cf. pickensi, Morro Bay, California, 25 May 2016. Image by CH. B Doriopsilla albopunctata, Whiskey Creek, Curry Co., Oregon, 19 May 2017. Image by NT. C Doriopsilla fulva, Netarts Bay, Oregon, 16 July 2016. Image by Todd Cliff. D Hermissenda opalescens, Box Canyon, Neah Bay, Washington, 20 August 2015. Image by Doug Miller.
FIGURE 1 in Heterobranch Sea Slug Range Shifts in the Northeast Pacific Ocean associated with the 2015-16 El Niño
FIGURE 1. Heterobranch sea slugs found at new northernmost localities in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean, 2015–2017. A Okenia angelensis, Miwok Beach, Sonoma Co., California, 27 May 2017. Image by Colby Davidson. B Acanthodoris rhodoceras, Chup Point, Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 21 May 2018. Image by Peter Mieras/subvisionproductions.com. C Polycera atra, Lemmens Inlet, Clayoquot Sound, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 25 July 2015. Inset: tail. Images by Brandon Exner. D Thordisa rubescens, Santa Cruz Island, California, 1 November 2017. Image by Kenan Chan/Channel Islands National Park.
Figure 3 in Heterobranch Sea Slug Range Shifts in the Northeast Pacific Ocean associated with the 2015-16 El Niño
Figure 3. Nudibranch sea slugs found at new northern localities in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean, 2015–2017. A Hermosita hakunamatata, La Bocana, Bahía de Magdalena, Baja California Sur, Mexico, 1 September 2015. Image by CH. B Phidiana hiltoni, Dillon Beach, California, 30 April 2017. Image by DM. C Taringa aivica, Mission Bay, San Diego, California, 14 June 2018. Image by CH. D Diaphoreolis lagunae, Whiskey Creek, Curry Co., Oregon, 19 May 2017 (grid squares 2 mm on a side). Image by NT.
Climate-Driven Range Shifts and Conservation Challenges for Brown Bears in Türkiye
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Figure 4 from: Pérez-Luque AJ, Zamora R, Bonet FJ, Pérez-Pérez R (2015) Dataset of MIGRAME Project (Global Change, Altitudinal Range Shift and Colonization of Degraded Habitats in Mediterranean Mountains). PhytoKeys 56: 61-81. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5482
Figure 4 - Diagram of integration of the dataset within Information System of Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory (http://obsnev.es/linaria.html). Field data were recorded with Smartphone devices (see Pérez-Pérez et al. 2013). After a validation process (see Quality Control section) the occurrence and measurement data were accommodated to Darwin Core Archive and integrated into GBIF.
Figure 3 from: Pérez-Luque AJ, Zamora R, Bonet FJ, Pérez-Pérez R (2015) Dataset of MIGRAME Project (Global Change, Altitudinal Range Shift and Colonization of Degraded Habitats in Mediterranean Mountains). PhytoKeys 56: 61-81. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5482
Figure 3 - Sampling Design. a Altitudinal migration hypothesis. At each study site, from the forest edge to treeline ecotone, we sampled each 25 m of elevation b Colonization of marginal habitat hypothesis. Transects were located on three habitat types: Forests (brown circles), Forest Edges (red squares) and Inside Marginal Habitats (blue triangles).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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