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171 results for “shell morphology”
Figure 10 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 10. Pupilla loessica. Series of four shells from type locality Předmostí at Přerov (Czech Republic, fossil from Saalian loess) in frontal and lateral view. A is the designated neotype. All deposited at the National Museum of Prague.
Figure 7 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 7. Shell microsculpture (SEM micrographs). A–T, P. loessica. U–Z, P. alpicola. a–d, P. alpicola (morphogroup P. m. densegyrata). e–h, P. alpicola (lowland populations "P. pratensis"). i–j, P. muscorum. A–B, M_4559, Altai, Saylyugem (Russia). C–D, M_4575, Altai, Saylyugem (Russia). E–F, H_MC409, Altai, Dzhazator (Russia). G–H, M_3970, Khatgal, shore of Lake Khövsgöl Nuur (northern Mongolia). I–J, M_2523_2, Yelantsy near Lake Baikal (Russia). K–L, M_2523_1, Yelantsy near Lake Baikal (Russia). M–N, M_994, Karsdorf (Saxony Anhalt, Germany), fossil from Early Saalian. O–P, M_459, Zeuchfeld (Saxony
Figure 9 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 9. Phylogenetic tree based on ITS2. 50% majority rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis with posterior probabilities/bootstrap support values (from maximum likelihood analysis). Sample abbreviations and groups of samples are given in Tables 1 and 3.
Data from: Integrating 2D and 3D shell morphology to disentangle the palaeobiology of ammonoids: a virtual approach
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Data from: A new Givetian Athyridid species from NW Africa discovered by 3D reconstruction of shell morphology of internal molds
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Data from: The influence of multiple functional demands on morphological diversification: A test on turtle shells
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Data from: Rates of morphological evolution, asymmetry and morphological integration of shell shape in scallops
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Data from: Genome-wide association analyses reveal polygenic genomic architecture underlying divergent shell morphology in Spanish Littorina saxatilis ecotypes
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FIG. 2. — A in Beyond shells: first detailed morphological description of the mangrove-associated gastropod Haminoea cf. fusca (A. Adams, 1850) (Cephalaspidea, Haminoeidae), with a COI phylogenetic analysis
FIG. 2. — A, Hab River delta, Sindh Province, Balochistan Coast, Pakistan, showing estuary and associated oyster reefs; B, Haminoea cf. fusca (A. Adams, 1850) in situ; arrows show faecal matter tracks over muddy substrate; C, H. cf. fusca in situ, amongst green algae; D, egg-mass in situ, attached to muddy substrate; E, egg-mass in situ, submerged during low tide. Photograph: S. Aslam.
FIG. 4 in Beyond shells: first detailed morphological description of the mangrove-associated gastropod Haminoea cf. fusca (A. Adams, 1850) (Cephalaspidea, Haminoeidae), with a COI phylogenetic analysis
FIG. 4. — Haminoea cf. fusca (A. Adams, 1850): A, external view of male reproductive system, arrow denotes lateral bulge; B, detail of interior of atrium and fundus; C, figures modified from Bergh (1901: pl. 18, figs 44, 47, pl. 19, figs 4, 5), detail of radula with "a": central rachidian (pl. 18, fig. 44); detail of surface of gizzard plate (pl. 18, fig. 47); male reproductive system, "a": prostate (pl. 19, fig. 5); lateral view of gizzard plate (pl. 19, fig. 4); D, egg-mass. Abbreviations: as, atrium sheet; at, atrium; bc, body cavity; cg, central groove; fu, fundus; ga, genital aperture; llw, left lateral wall; lwg, grooves of lateral walls; pr, prostate; rlw, right lateral wall; rm, retractor muscles; sd, seminal duct; smg, seminal groove; w, soft warts. Scale bars: A, B, 0.5 mm; D, 1 cm.
FIG. 3 in Beyond shells: first detailed morphological description of the mangrove-associated gastropod Haminoea cf. fusca (A. Adams, 1850) (Cephalaspidea, Haminoeidae), with a COI phylogenetic analysis
FIG. 3. — Haminoea cf. fusca (A. Adams, 1850): A, live specimen, ex situ. Length c. 10 mm; B, shell, apertural view (left image) and adepertural view (right image), height, 7 mm; C, SEM, detail of radula with rachidian and first lateral teeth; D, lateral view of whole gizzard plate; E, SEM, dorsal surface of whole gizzard plate; F, SEM, detail of rodlets in dorsal part of gizzard plate. Scale bars: C, 20 µm; D, E, 100 µm; F, 2 µm.
Quantifying shell outline variability in extant and fossil Laqueus (Brachiopoda: Terebratulida): are outlines good proxies for long-looped brachidial morphology and can they help us characterize species?
<p>Extant and extinct terebratulide brachiopod species have been defined primarily on the basis of morphology. What is the fidelity of morphological species to biological species? And how can we test this fidelity with fossils? Taxonomically and phylogenetically, the most informative internal feature in the brachiopod suborder Terebratellidina is the geometrically complex long-looped brachidium, which, given their fragile nature, are not commonly preserved in the fossil record. In their absence, it is essential to test other sources of morphological data when trying to recognize and identify species. We analyzed valve outlines and brachidia in the genus <i>Laqueus</i> to explore the utility of shell shape in discriminating extant and fossil species. Using geometric morphometric methods, we quantified valve outline variability using elliptical Fourier methods and tested whether long-looped brachidial morphology correlates with shell outline shape. We then built classification models based on machine learning algorithms using outlines as shape variables to predict fossil species' identities. Our results demonstrate that valve outline shape is significantly correlated with long-looped brachidial shape and that even relatively simple outlines are sufficiently morphologically distinct to enable extant <i>Laqueus</i> species to be identified, validating current taxonomic assignments. These are encouraging results for the study and delimitation of fossil terebratulide species, and their recognition as biological species. In addition, machine learning algorithms can be successfully applied to help solve species recognition and delimitation problems in paleontology, especially when morphology can be characterized quantitatively and analyzed statistically.</p>
Fig. 4 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 4. Average monthly whorl increment of Xerolenta obvia at different stages of growth in SW (diamonds with the solid trend line) and NE (squares with the dashed trend line) populations
Fig. 1 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 1. Shell size differences of Xerolenta obvia at different stage of growth in SW (filled symbols) and NE (empty symbols) populations; diamonds = mean shell width, triangles = mean shell height, lines = range of size
Fig. 3 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 3. Relative distribution of size classes (I–VI) over the whole activity period studied in SW (A) and NE (B) populations of Xerolenta obvia
Fig. 5 in Larval, juvenile and adult Turtonia minuta (Bivalvia: Turtoniidae) and comparative shell morphology of the veneroid and venerid taxa from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan
Fig. 5. Transformative patterns of the veneroid and venerid hinge morphostructures and their common (identically designated) and distinctive features: A – Alveinus ojianus, Peter the Great Bay, 2002; B – Ruditapes philippinarum, Peter the Great Bay, 2004; C – Saxidomus purpurata, Peter the Great Bay, 2004. For other simbols – see Figs. 1 and 4.
Рис. 2. ОбЩаЯ форма первичного продиссоконха (PD-I) и примордиальные морфоструктуры правой створки Turtonia minuta на препаратах световой микроскопии (вынаШиваюЩаЯ капсула, Уссурийский Залив, 2010 г., материалы А.В. ЧерныШова); PD-II – начало формированиЯ вторичного продиссоконха. Остальные условные обоЗначениЯ – см. рис. 1. in Larval, juvenile and adult Turtonia minuta (Bivalvia: Turtoniidae) and comparative shell morphology of the veneroid and venerid taxa from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan
Рис. 2. ОбЩаЯ форма первичного продиссоконха (PD-I) и примордиальные морфоструктуры правой створки Turtonia minuta на препаратах световой микроскопии (вынаШиваюЩаЯ капсула, Уссурийский Залив, 2010 г., материалы А.В. ЧерныШова); PD-II – начало формированиЯ вторичного продиссоконха. Остальные условные обоЗначениЯ – см. рис. 1.
Figure 1. A in The Black Sea Flexopecten species-complex (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae): Shell morphology and 16S rDNA variation
Figure 1. A Neighbor Joining (NJ) tree depicting phylogenetic relationships among Flexopecten haplotypes (GenBank sequences depicted as purple, green, and light blue circles) and Black Sea samples (red and dark blue circles, this study) derived from the 16S ribosomal DNA gene. Outgroups are depicted as light blue square and black circles. Values at branch nodes indicate bootstrap support. The unit of branch-length measurement = 0.05 nucleotides.
Morphology of the limb, shell, and head explain the variation in performance and ecology across 14 turtle taxa (12 species)
<p>Because morphology directly influences an organism's ability to utilize its habitat and dietary resources, it also influences fitness. Comparing the relationship between morphology, performance, and ecology is fundamental to understand how organisms evolve to occupy a wide range of habitats and diets. In turtles, studies have documented important relationships between morphology, performance, and ecology, but none were field based or considered limb, shell, and head morphology simultaneously. We compare morphology, performance, and ecology of 14 turtle taxa (12 species) in Mexico that range in their affinity to water and in their diet. We took linear measurements of limb, shell, and head variables, measured maximum swimming speed, maximum bite force, how often turtles were encountered on land, and used stable isotopes to assess trophic position. We use these data to test three hypotheses. The first, that morphology, performance, and ecology covary. The second, that limb and shell variables, like hand length, correlate to swim speed and the percent time spent on land. The third, was that that head variables, like head width, correlate to bite force and stable isotopes. We find support for these hypotheses and provide the first evidence that morphology influences performance and ecology in turtles in the field.</p>
Figure 18 in Anatomy, shell morphology, and microstructure of the living fossil Pulvinites exempla (Hedley, 1914) (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pulvinitidae)
Figure 18. Stomach anatomy in Pulvinites exempla. A diagrammatic lateral view of a mid-dorsal longitudinal incision; right stomach wall folded downwards. ddd, ducts of digestive diverticula; dgr, dorsal groove; dh, dorsal hood; ff, fleshy fold; fsc, food-sorting caecum; gs, gastric shield; in, intestine (cojoined with style sac); lpo, left pouch; ltr, large transverse ridge; mf, marginal fold; mg, marginal groove; oe, oesophagus; sh, stirring hollow; str, small transverse ridge; tty, tongue of major typhlosole; tym, minor typhlosole.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.