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6,170 results for “european”
FIG. 1 in Naja romani (Hoffstetter, 1939) (Serpentes: Elapidae) from the late Miocene of the Northern Caucasus: the last East European large cobra
FIG. 1. — Location of the Solnechnodolsk locality.
Data for "Measurement report: Comparison of airborne in-situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the Central European background – identifying sources of deviations"
<p>A unique set of data is presented, derived from measurements conducted at the rural central European observatory at Melpitz, Germany. Data derived from remote sensing (lidar), airborne platforms (helicopter, balloon), and ground-based in-situ methods is included. Measured and Mie-modeled optical aerosol parameters are presented in the dry- and ambient state. Modeled optical parameters are based on Mie-theory. For ambient state hygroscopic growth simulations are utilized.</p>
Identifying behavioral and attitudinal barriers and drivers to promote consumption of pulses: A quantitative survey across five European countries
<p>Even though pulses are nutritious and environmentally friendly high-protein crops, they are commonly regarded as old-fashioned. Consumption of pulses is low in developed countries, and it has received very limited attention in agricultural and behavioral research over the past years. Based on a pan-European survey, the present study aims to provide extensive insights into consumer perceptions towards pulses. The objective is to identify effective measures to increase consumer acceptance of pulses, and thus potentially increase their share in the daily diets across Europe. Quantitative data was collected in May 2020 through a web-based survey conducted in five different European countries, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Poland, and the United Kingdom (N = 4,916). Quota-based sampling was used to ensure comparability across samples and wide coverage in terms of age, gender, and locality of residence. Using cluster analysis with a subsequent logistic regression, cross-cultural differences were found in terms of relatively high consumption of pulses among Spanish respondents, somewhat lower for Polish, German and UK respondents, and even lower among Danish respondents. Drivers of consumption significantly differed across surveyed samples, mainly being health first, followed by sensory preferences. For respondents from Poland, Spain, and Germany the main reason for not consuming pulses related to problems with digestion, whereas in the Danish and UK samples a neglect related to preparation. Future product development as well as increased information about nutrition and cooking of pulses could potentially increase consumer acceptance. Though, considering cross-cultural differences is important when developing strategies to promote consumption of pulses.</p>
Fig. 9 in The "Spaghetti Project": the final identification guide to European Terebellidae (sensu lato) (Annelida, Terebelliformia)
Fig. 9. Type localities of European species for which a neotype is required.
Fig. 3 in European Journal of Taxonomy: a deeper look into a decade of data
Fig. 3. Capacity production of European Journal of Taxonomy.
Meteorological indicator for selected European NUTS 3 regions
<p>13 datasets have been concatenated into one dataset for the purpose to predict future temperature scenario from 13 European countries.</p> <p>The 13 datasets have been published by Angelova, Denitsa; Blanco, Norman (2020), “Meteorological indicator dataset for selected European NUTS 3 regions ”, Mendeley Data, V3, doi: 10.17632/sf9x4h5jfk.3</p> <p>Further details at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/sf9x4h5jfk/3</p>
Dataset of concentrations of legacy persistent organic pollutants in fishes and human of the European Arctic Russia
<p>The dataset presented in this Data descriptor supports “Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in fish consumed by the indigenous peoples from Nenets Autonomous Okrug” (Lakhmanov et al., 2020).</p>
Data related to: Bottom-up effects of fungicides on tadpoles of the European common frog (Rana temporaria)
<p>We have uploaded a range of files informding about ergosterol and bacteria levels on leaf litter (LeafMicrobes.xlsx); the feces production, leaf consumption and legnth development of tadpoles during the study and among the two experimental phases as detailed in the mansucript (FecesFeedingLength.xlxs); composition of fatty acids in tadpoles and leaf litter (NFLA.xlxs); metamophoses event (Metamorphosis.xlsx)</p> <p> </p> <p>Paper abstract as submitted:</p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Biodiversity is under pressure world-wide, with amphibians being particularly threatened. Stressors related to human activity, such as chemicals, are contributing to this decline. It remains, however, unclear whether chemicals exhibiting a fungicidal activity could indirectly affect tadpoles, that depend on microbially conditioned leaf litter as food source. The indirect effect of fungicides (sum concentration of a fungicide mixture composed of azoxystrobin, carbendazim, crybrodinil, quinoxifen and tebuconcazole: 100 µg/L) on tadpoles was assessed relative to leaf litter colonised by microbes in absence of fungicides (control) and a worst case scenario, that is leached leaf litter without microbial colonisation. The quality of leaf litter as food for tadpoles of the European common frog (<i>Rana temporaria</i>) was characterised through neutral lipid fatty acid profiles and microbial sum parameters and verified by sublethal responses in tadpoles (i.e. feeding rate, feces production, growth and fatty acid composition). Fungicides changed the nutritious quality of leaf litter likely through alterations in leaves' neutral lipid fatty acid profiles (i.e., changes in some physiologically important highly unsaturated fatty acids reached more than 200%) in combination with a potential adsorption onto leaves during conditioning. These changes were reflected by differences in the development of tadpoles ultimately resulting in an earlier start of metamorphosis. Our data provide a first indication that fungicides potentially affect tadpole development indirectly through bottom-up effects. This pathway is so far not addressed in fungicide environmental risk assessment and merits further attention.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Mind Map of The European Bioinformatic infrastructure for the Life Sciences (ELIXIR) activities
<p>This diagram showcases the organisation of the different components of the ELIXIR network, with brief description of the activities therein.</p>
Environmental variation and biotic interactions limit adaptation at ecological margins: lessons from rainforest Drosophila and European butterflies
<p>Models of local adaptation to spatially varying selection predict that maximum rates of evolution are determined by the interaction between increased adaptive potential owing to increased genetic variation, and the cost genetic variation brings by reducing population fitness. We discuss existing and new results from our laboratory assays and field transplants of rainforest Drosophila and UK butterflies along environmental gradients, which try to test these predictions in natural populations. Our data suggest that: (i) local adaptation along ecological gradients is not consistently observed in time and space, especially where biotic and abiotic interactions affect both gradient steepness and genetic variation in fitness; (ii) genetic variation in fitness observed in the laboratory is only sometimes visible to selection in the field, suggesting that demographic costs can remain high without increasing adaptive potential; and (iii) antagonistic interactions between species reduce local productivity, especially at ecological margins. Such antagonistic interactions steepen gradients and may increase the cost of adaptation by increasing its dimensionality. However, where biotic interactions do evolve, rapid range expansion can follow. Future research should test how the environmental sensitivity of genotypes determines their ecological exposure, and its effects on genetic variation in fitness, to predict the probability of evolutionary rescue at ecological margins. This article is part of the theme issue 'Species' ranges in the face of changing environments (Part II)'.</p>
Season, anthocyanin supplementation, and flight training have mixed effects on the antioxidant system of migratory European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
<p>Migratory birds engage in two periods of endurance flight annually as they travel between summer breeding and overwintering grounds, and such endurance flights likely incur oxidative costs. These costs may differ between fall and spring migration, especially for females who must prepare for breeding and egg laying in spring. The objective of this study of a migratory bird was to test proposed hypotheses about how key components of the female's antioxidant system differ in response to flight training in the fall and spring and to dietary antioxidant supplementation. We hand-raised female European starlings (<i>Sturnus vulgaris</i>) and then fed them either a diet supplemented with dietary anthocyanins or a diet without added anthocyanins. <a name="_Hlk53656115">We then flew females in a windtunnel for 15 days during fall and spring migration seasons and measured over time oxidative damage (d-ROMs) and three components of the antioxidant system</a>—non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (OXY), uric acid, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Prior to flight training, non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage were lower in females during spring compared to fall, and females fed a low-antioxidant diet had consistently higher circulating uric acid. GPx activity decreased more in spring immediately after a long-duration flight. Females fed a high-antioxidant diet had a greater decrease in non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity after the 15-day flight training. <a name="_Hlk53656268">Flight-trained females had higher circulating uric acid than untrained females immediately after the longest-duration flight</a>, and decreased GPx activity after the 15-day flight training. In sum, females upregulated enzymatic and non-enzymatic endogenous antioxidants in spring, and females fed a diet with less antioxidants appear to compensate by increasing circulating uric acid. Our findings emphasize the important role of dietary antioxidants for birds during migration, <a name="_Hlk53656372">and that similar flights in fall and spring likely represent distinct oxidative challenges in the life history of female birds.</a></p>
Data from: Environment but not geography explains genetic variation in the invasive and largely panmictic European starling in North America
Populations of invasive species that colonize and spread in novel environments may differentiate both through demographic processes and local selection throughout the genome. European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were introduced to New York in 1890 and subsequently spread throughout North America, becoming one of the most widespread and numerous bird species on the continent. Genome-wide comparisons across starling individuals and populations can identify demographic and/or selective factors that facilitated this rapid and successful expansion. We investigated patterns of genomic diversity and differentiation using reduced-representation genome sequencing (ddRADseq) of 17 starling populations. Consistent with this species' high dispersal rates and rapid expansion history, we found low genome-wide differentiation and few FST outliers even at a continental scale. Despite starting from a founding population of approximately 180 individuals, North American starlings do not seem to have undergone a detectable genetic bottleneck: they have maintained an extremely large effective population size since introduction. We find more than 200 variants that correlate with temperature and/or precipitation. Genotype-environment associations (but not outlier scans) identify these SNPs against a background of negligible genome- and range-wide divergence. Such variants fall in the coding regions of genes associated with metabolism, stress, and neurological function. This evidence for incipient local adaptation in North American starlings suggests that it can evolve rapidly even in wide-ranging and evolutionarily young populations. This survey of genomic signatures of expansion in North American starlings is the most comprehensive to date and complements ongoing studies of world-wide local adaptation in these highly dispersive and invasive birds.
Dataset for "Protracted subduction of the European hyperextended margin revealed by rutile U-Pb geochronology across the Dora-Maira massif (W. Alps)"
<p>Dataset for "Protracted subduction of the European hyperextended margin revealed by rutile U-Pb geochronology across the Dora-Maira massif (W. Alps)"</p> <p>- Sample location</p> <p>- Rutile U-Pb-trace-element analyses</p> <p>- Titanite U-Pb-trace-element analyses</p>
Glucocorticoids of European bison in relation to their status: age, dominance, social centrality and leadership
<p>Dataset for the paper "Glucocorticoids of European bison in relation to their status: age, dominance, social centrality and leadership"</p> <p>Stress is the body's response to cope with the environment and generally better survive unless too much chronic stress persists. While some studies suggest that it would be more stressful to be the dominant individual of the group, others support the opposite hypothesis. Several variables can actually affect this relationship, or even cancel it. This study therefore aims to make the link between social status and the basal level of stress of 14 wild European bison (<em>Bison bonasus, </em>L. 1758) living together. We collected faeces and measured the faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM). We showed that FGM is linked to different variables of social status of European bison, specifically age, dominance rank, eigenvector centrality but also to interactions between the variables. Preferential leaders in bison, <em>i.e</em>. the older and more dominant individuals which are more central ones, are less stressed compared to other group members. Measurement of such variables could thus be a valuable tool to follow and improve the conservation of species by collecting data on FGM and other social variables and adapt group composition or environmental conditions (e.g. supplement in food) according to the FGM concentration of herd individuals.</p>
Storyline data used in the paper "The July 2019 European heatwave in a warmer climate: Storyline scenarios with a coupled model using spectral nudging"
<p>We provide the storyline data (in NetCDF format) used in the paper: “The July 2019 European heatwave in a warmer climate: Storyline scenarios with a coupled model using spectral nudging” published in Journal of Climate. The data is structured in four .tar.gz files (Preindustrial, Present, 2 and 4 K warmer climates) containing all variables used in this each climate. The data from the five ensemble members (E1 to E5) have been included separately in 3-months files.</p> <p>Atmospheric variables (Files are named as: {variable}_E{ensemble member}_{starting month}{year}.nc:</p> <ul> <li> <p>Latent heat flux (ahfl)</p> </li> <li> <p>Sensible heat flux (ahfs)</p> </li> <li> <p>Monthly Global Mean 2m Temperature (GMTT2mMonthly)</p> </li> <li> <p>Maximum 2m Temperature (t2max)</p> </li> <li> <p>Mean 2m Temperature (t2mean)</p> </li> <li> <p>Minimum 2m Temperature (t2max)</p> </li> <li> <p>Soil Wetness (ws)</p> </li> </ul> <p> Only for present climate:</p> <ul> <li> <p>850 hPa Temperature (T850)</p> </li> <li> <p>Total Cloud Cover (TCC)</p> </li> <li> <p>500 hPa Geopotential Height (Z500)</p> </li> </ul> <p>Five layers soil moisture (Only for present climate, Files are named as: From20172019in2017Climatessp370{ensemble member}_{year}{starting month}.01_jsbid.nc) </p> <p>Oceanic variables (from FESOM, Files are named as: {variable}_E{ensemble member}_{year}{starting month}01.nc:</p> <ul> <li> <p>Sea Ice Concentration (SIC)</p> </li> <li> <p>Sea Surface Temperature (SST)</p> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Please, note that FESOM uses an unstructured mesh.</strong></p>
Breeding in the pandemic: Short-term lockdown restrictions in a European capital city did not alter the life-history traits of two urban adapters
<p><span>Humans are transforming natural habitats into managed urban green areas and impervious surfaces at an unprecedented pace. Yet the effects of human presence <em>per se</em> on animal life-history traits are rarely tested. This is particularly true in cities, where human presence is often indissociable from urbanisation itself. The onset of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, along with the resulting lockdown restrictions, offered a unique, "natural experiment" context to investigate wildlife responses to a sudden reduction of human activities. We analysed four years of avian breeding data collected in a European capital city to test whether lockdown measures altered nestbox occupancy and life-history traits in terms of egg-laying date, incubation duration, and clutch size in two urban adapters: great tits (<em>Parus major</em>) and blue tits (<em>Cyanistes caeruleus</em>). Lockdown measures, which modulated human presence, did not influence any of the life-history traits investigated. In contrast, tree cover, a distinct ecological attribute of the urban space, was positively associated with clutch size, a key avian life-history, and reproductive trait. This highlights the importance of habitat quality/ inter-year variation over human activity on the reproduction of urban wildlife. We discuss our results in light of other urban wildlife studies carried out during the pandemic, inviting the scientific community to carefully interpret all lockdown-associated shifts in biological traits.</span></p>
Dataset for "Long-term implications of reduced gas imports on the decarbonization of the European energy system"
<p>A dataset containing results for the paper "Long-term implications of reduced gas imports on the decarbonization of the European energy system". See also the associated Github repository: https://github.com/TimToernes/Reduced-gas-imports </p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2019/2020 – Albania
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision 2013/652/EU. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision 2013/652/EU. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2020 AMR data collection: Institute of Food Safety and Veterinary</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2019/2020 – Estonia
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision 2013/652/EU. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision 2013/652/EU. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2020 AMR data collection: Veterinary and Food Board</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2019/2020 – Finland
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision 2013/652/EU. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision 2013/652/EU. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2020 AMR data collection: Finnish Food Authority</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.