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4,243 results for “seasonality”
Continuous increase in evaporative demand shortened the growing season of European ecosystems in the last decade
<p><strong>Datasets provided above are processed data during the conducting analysis for our paper entitled "Continuous increase in evaporative demand shortened the growing season of European ecosystems in the last decade". </strong></p> <p><strong>Here is the abstract of the paper: </strong></p> <p><strong>Despite previous reports on European growing seasons lengthening due to global warming, evidence shows that this trend has been reversing in the past decade due to increased transpiration needs. We used an innovative method along with space-based observations to determine the timing of greening and dormancy and then to determine existing trends and causes. Early greening still occurs, albeit at slower rates than before. However, a recent (2011-2020) shift in the timing of dormancy has caused the season length to decrease back to 1980s levels. This shortening of season length is attributed primarily to higher atmospheric water demand in summer that suppresses transpiration even for soil moisture levels as of previous years. Transpiration suppression implies that vegetation is unable to meet the high transpiration needs. Our results have implications for future management of European ecosystems (e.g., net carbon balance and water and energy exchange with atmosphere) in a warmer world.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Surface and subsurface summer marine heatwave output from CMCC-SPS3.5 seasonal forecast system, GREP reanalysis and ESA CCI SST.
<p>The attached data files were used to produce the figures and analysis in the following study:</p> <p>McAdam, R., Masina, S., Gualdi. S<em>.</em> Seasonal forecasting of subsurface marine heatwaves. <em>Nature Comms. Earth & Env. </em>(2023). </p>
A Deep Learning Approach to Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Mainly Using Weather Radar Data: Taking the Plum Rain Season in Taiwan as an Example
<p>The following partial dataset is provided by the authors for the Quantitative Precipitation Estimation method presented in the paper.</p> <p>wissdom_out_Taiwan_mosaic_202105010000.bin is wind data, the number means year, data, and time.</p> <p>CAPPI_COMP_DR_202005100000.bin is radar data.</p> <p>qpepre_202005010000-202005010100_1_h.txt is rain data.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Decreasing seasonal cycle amplitude of methane in the northern high latitudes being driven by lower latitude changes in emissions and transport
<p>This dataset contains the smoothed and detrended time series of methane from the TOMCAT regional tagged tracer simulations between 1995-2020 at 22 NOAA surface observation sites. Each file contains the Site Code and the latitude and longitude of of each observation site. The regional file contains the region code of each regional tagged tracer. More information on the TOMCAT simulation and the Site Codes and Region Codes can be found at: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-132, 2023</p>
Data from: Predator-prey interactions in the Arctic: DNA-metabarcoding reveals that nestling diet of snow buntings reflects arthropod seasonality
<p>Tundra arthropods are of considerable ecological importance as a seasonal food source for many arctic-breeding birds. Dietary composition and food preferences are rarely known, complicating assessments of ecological interactions in a changing environment. In our field study, we investigated nestling diet of snow buntings (<em>Plectrophenax nivalis</em> (L., 1758)) breeding in Svalbard. We collected faecal samples from 8-day-old nestlings and assessed dietary composition by DNA-metabarcoding. Simultaneously, the availability of potential prey arthropods was measured by pitfall-trapping. Molecular analyses of nestling faeces identified 31 arthropod taxa in the diet, whose proportions changed throughout the brood-rearing period. Changes in nestling diet matched varying abundances and emergence patterns of the tundra arthropod community. Snow buntings provisioned their offspring mainly with Diptera (true flies) based on both presence/absence and relative read abundance of diet items. At the beginning of the season in June, Chironomidae (non-biting midges) and the scathophagid fly <em>Scathophaga furcata</em> (Say, 1823) dominated the diet, whereas the muscid fly <em>Spilogona dorsata </em>(Zetterstedt, 1845) dominated the diet later in July. When accounted for availability, muscid flies were selected positively amongst the most often provisioned food taxa. Our study demonstrates the ecological role of the snow bunting as a generalist arthropod predator and highlights DNA-metabarcoding as a non-invasive technique for diet analyses with high taxonomical precision if sufficient DNA-sequence libraries are available.</p>
Data from: Changing with the times: Seasonal environmental gradients unveil dynamic bat assemblages and vulnerability
<p>Uncovering the temporal and spatial dynamics of biological communities in response to biotic and abiotic drivers is essential to predict the effects of environmental change on biodiversity. Similarly, estimating species vulnerability in the face of such dynamics is crucial for implementing effective conservation actions. We explored how bat diversity changes over the year across an altitudinal gradient and identified the environmental drivers that shape bat communities. By analysing species' marginality within the biophysical niche space, we evaluated bats' vulnerability to foreseeable environmental changes. Our results suggest that altitude, the proportion of forest cover and shrubs cover are the main drivers shaping bat communities year-round. Additionally, while some bat species are restricted to a single ecological assemblage (or ecological preferences group), others show greater plasticity throughout the year. Importantly, we found that although bats associated with highland habitats and forests could be particularly vulnerable to environmental changes (in particular <em>Myotis mystacinus</em>), this vulnerability correlates poorly with their national conservation status. We suggest that species' ecological plasticity is critical for the resilience of biological communities exposed to environmental changes and should be considered when planning tailored conservation strategies.</p>
Rain, recreation, and risk: Human activity and ecological disturbance create seasonal risk landscapes for the prey of an ambush predator
<p>Predation risk and prey responses exhibit fluctuations in space and time. Seasonal ecological disturbances can alter landscape structure and permeability to influence predator activity and efficacy, creating predictable patterns of risk for prey (seasonal risk landscapes). This may create corresponding seasonal shifts in antipredator behavior, mediated by species ecology and trade-offs between risk and resources. Yet, how human recreation interacts with seasonal risk landscapes and antipredator behavior remains understudied.</p> <p><strong>Goals</strong> – In South Florida, we investigated the impact of a seasonal ecological disturbance, specifically flooding, which is inversely related to human activity, on interactions between Florida panthers (<em>Puma concolor coryi</em>) and white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus</em> <em>virginianus</em>). We hypothesized that human activity and ecological disturbances would interact with panther-deer ecology, resulting in the emergence of two distinct seasonal landscapes of predation risk and the corresponding antipredator response. We conducted camera trap surveys across southwestern Florida to collect detection data on humans, panthers, and deer. We analyzed the influence of human site use and flooding on deer and panther detection probability, co-occurrence, and diel activity during the flooded and dry seasons. Flooding led to decreased panther detections and increased deer detections, resulting in reduced deer-panther co-occurrence during the flooded season. Panthers exhibited increased nocturnality and reduced diel activity overlap with deer in areas with higher human activity. Supporting our hypothesis, panthers' avoidance of human recreation and flooding created distinct risk schedules for deer, driving their antipredator behavior. Deer utilized flooded areas to spatially offset predation risk during the flooded season while increasing diurnal activity in response to human recreation during the dry season.</p> <p><strong>Significance to the field </strong>– We highlight the importance of understanding how competing risks and ecological disturbances influence predator and prey behavior, leading to the generation of seasonal risk landscapes and antipredator responses. We emphasize the role of cyclical ecological disturbances in shaping dynamic predator-prey interactions. Furthermore, we highlight how human recreation may function as a 'temporal human shield,' altering seasonal risk landscapes and antipredator responses to reduce encounter rates between predators and prey. </p>
Supporting data and code for: Phylogenetic identification of influenza virus candidates for seasonal vaccines
<p>The seasonal influenza (flu) vaccine is designed to protect against those influenza viruses predicted to circulate during the upcoming flu season, but identifying which viruses are likely to circulate is challenging. We use features from phylogenetic trees reconstructed from hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) sequences, together with a support vector machine, to predict future circulation. We obtain accuracies of 0.75–0.89 (Area under the curve AUC 0.83–0.91) over 2016–2020. We explore ways to select potential candidates for a seasonal vaccine and find that the machine learning model has a moderate ability to select strains that are close to future populations. However, consensus sequences among the most recent three years also do well at this task. We identify similar candidate strains to those proposed by the World Health Organization, suggesting that this approach can help inform vaccine strain selection.</p>
Fig. 1 in Genotype diversity, phylogenetic analysis and seasonality of isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. in swimming pools in Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
Fig. 1. Fresh unstained trophozoites (A) and cysts (B–D) of Acanthamoeba spp.
Figure 1 in Abundance and Seasonal Occurrence of Pest Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Residential and Rural Areas of Oahu (Hawaiian Islands)
Figure 1. Map of trapping sites on Oahu (2009–2013), with habitat at each site.
Supplementary data to "What are the effects of temperature on plasticity, shape symmetry and seasonal variation in freshwater benthic green microalga Micrasterias thomasiana?"
<p>The supplementary data consist of the files including the landmark coordinates of Micrasterias thomasiana semicells used for the analyses described in the manuscript submitted to Aquatic Ecology. The coordinates are presented in the TPS format.</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Photoperiod effects in a freshwater community: amphibian larvae develop faster and zooplankton abundance increases under an early-season photoperiod
<p class="MsoNormal">Organisms that shift their phenologies in response to global warming will experience novel photic environments, as photoperiod (daylength) continues to follow the same annual cycle. How different organisms respond to novel photoperiods could result in phenological mismatches and altered interspecific interactions. We conducted an outdoor mesocosm experiment exposing green frog (<em>Rana clamitans</em>) larvae, gray treefrog (<em>Hyla versicolor</em>) larvae, phytoplankton, periphyton, and zooplankton to a three-month shift in photoperiod: an early-season photoperiod (simulating April) and a late-season photoperiod (simulating July). We manipulated photoperiod by covering and uncovering tanks with clear or light-blocking lids to mimic realistic changes in daylength. We assessed amphibian life history traits and measured phytoplankton, periphyton, and zooplankton abundances. Green frog larvae and gray treefrog metamorphs were more developed under the early-season photoperiod. Gray treefrog total length was also reduced, but photoperiod did not affect green frog total length. Although phytoplankton and periphyton abundances were not affected by photoperiod, copepod nauplii were in greater abundance under the early-season photoperiod. Overall, this simplified aquatic community did not exhibit significant changes to structure when exposed to a three-month shift in photoperiod. Temperate amphibians that breed earlier in the year may develop faster, which may have long-term costs to post-metamorphic growth and performance. Asynchronous shifts in zooplankton abundances in response to altered photoperiods could subsequently affect freshwater community structure. While photoperiod has been shown to individually affect freshwater organisms, our study using replicated outdoor wetland communities shows that the comprehensive effects of photoperiod may be less important than other cues such as temperature and precipitation.</p>
SIF and CLM5 outpfile files to support Kunik et al "Satellite-based solar-induced fluorescence tracks seasonal and elevational patterns of photosynthesis in California's Sierra Nevada mountains"
<p>These files contain 0.04° monthly sampled TROPOMI SIF, corrected for length of day and topography ("SIFdc_dem") over the Sierra Nevada region of California, along with Community Land Model (CLM) v5.0 point and regional simulation output. CLM5.0 simulations with prognostic vegetation state (CLM5.0-BGC, files begninning with "clm5_") and with satellite phenology (CLM5.0-SP, files beginning with "clm5_SP_") are provided. </p>
Behavioural thermoregulation and food availability drives fine-scale seasonal habitat partitioning in limpets
<ol> <li>Small-scale spatial variation in temperature plays a key role in limiting the distribution of organisms in thermally heterogeneous environments. In the rocky intertidal zone, intra-day temperature variation at small scales (cm-m) can easily exceed 30°C.</li> <li>To experimentally test the impact of this small-scale temperature heterogeneity on the distribution of an ecologically important limpet species (<em>Cellana</em> <em>denticulata</em>), boulders on an intertidal rocky reef in New Zealand were rotated, and small-scale temperature variability and food availability were measured throughout one year. Small-scale variability in thermal tolerance, heart rate, and heat shock protein expression was also measured to relate in situ limpet distributions with environmental conditions. Temperature variability was measured using limpet bio-mimics and HOBO pendant temperature loggers, while food availability (chlorophyll <em>a</em> concentration) was measured on in situ concrete fiberboard tiles.</li> <li>To measure limpet distributions, every tagged limpet on each of 18 boulders was followed from June 2021–2022. During each sampling, the location of each limpet, compass direction, and slope of the surface that each limpet inhabited were measured. To test for physiological differences among limpets from each microhabitat, thermal tolerance, and heat shock protein expression were measured in collected limpets; in situ heart rates and body temperatures were also measured sporadically on hot days.</li> <li>Maximum predicted body temperatures (36–39°C), heart rates, and actual body temperatures were greatest on equatorial surfaces (i.e., surfaces facing the equator) whereas food availability was greatest on poleward-facing surfaces. During summer, limpets moved towards surfaces that minimised their body temperatures and maximised food availability, namely vertical and poleward facing surfaces and undersides of boulders.</li> <li>Thermal tolerance, measured using Arrhenius breakpoint temperatures (mean ± SE: 34.7–35.8 ± 0.4–0.7°C) and flat line temperatures (36.2–37.4 ± 0.3–0.4°C), were similar among limpets facing different directions. Surprisingly, heat shock protein expression was relatively consistent throughout the year and among directions.</li> <li>Overall, limpet populations are resilient to thermal stress because they effectively use behavioural thermoregulation to exploit cooler microhabitats that also have greater food availability during summer.</li> </ol>
Population dynamics and seasonal migration patterns of Spodoptera exigua in northern China based on 11 years of monitoring data
<p>The beet armyworm, <em>Spodoptera exigua </em>(Hübner) is an important migratory pest worldwide that has caused serious economic losses in the main crop-producing areas of China. To effectively monitor and control this pest, it is necessary to investigate its interannual and seasonal migration patterns in northern China. In this study, we weekly monitored the population dynamics of <em>S. exigua</em> using sex pheromone traps in Shenyang, Liaoning Province from 2012 to 2022 and simulated the migration trajectories using the HYSPLIT model. Overall, the migration numbers varied significantly among years, with large migrations in 2018 and 2020 that resulted in a total catch of more than 2000 individuals. </p>
Tapajos K67 tropical forest seasonal flux tower data
<p>Seasonal (16-day) eddy covariance measurements that include water, carbon, and energy flux, radiation, canopy temperature, humidity, and ancillary calculations such as evaporation, transpiration, and leaf area index. Data was collected at the Tapajós National Forest, Santarem K67 (BR-Sa1), a tropical primary forest (2.857°S, 54.959°W). Measurements correspond to the periods: April 2001 - January 2006, July 2008 - July 2012, and January 2015 - July 2020. The 16-day fluxes and meteorological data were obtained from an average daily cycle based on hourly observations. As a result, we refrain from assigning greater significance to specific hours when the fluxes tend to be complete, and vice versa (for instance, in cases of missing flux values due to afternoon rainfall events). Daytime values were selected as above a 5 W m<sup>-2</sup> top of the atmosphere radiation (TOA; W m<sup>-2</sup>) and labeled as LE<sub>daytime</sub> in the case of latent heat flux (LE), H<sub>daytime</sub> for sensible heat flux (H), and so on.</p>
Evaluation of multi-season convection permitting atmosphere - mixed layer ocean simulations of the Maritime Continent.
<p>Supporting data for figures in GMD draft paper: Evaluation of multi-season convection permitting atmosphere - mixed layer ocean simulations of the Maritime Continent.</p>
Improved Indian Ocean dipole seasonal prediction in the new generation of CMA prediction system
<p>Hindcast experiment Data for Liu et al. (2023), titled "Improved Indian Ocean dipole seasonal prediction in the new generation of CMA prediction system".</p>
NEEM seasonal dO18 data for "Climate information preserved in seasonal water isotope at NEEM: relationships with temperature, circulation and sea ice"
<p>NEEM seasonal dO18 data over the period 1855-2004.</p> <p><strong>Please cite the following reference when using the data:</strong></p> <p>Zheng, M., Sjolte, J., Adolphi, F., Vinther, B. M., Steen-Larsen, H. C., Popp, T. J., and Muscheler, R.: Climate information preserved in seasonal water isotope at NEEM: relationships with temperature, circulation and sea ice, Climate of the Past, 14, 1067-1078, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1067-2018">https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1067-2018</a>, 2018.</p> <p> </p>
Chronological dataset of soil respiration fluxes from a seasonally dry forest in Northwest México
<p>Soil respiration data was acquired and analyzed as described in Vargas-Terminel et al.[1]. Briefly, soil respiration was obtained by measuring changes in CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations with a portable soil flux system attached to a static chamber covering a portion of soil. Each measurement cycle in soil lasted 3 mins and was done monthly during a four-year period in 8 to 12 locations within three sites of tropical dry forest in Northwestern Mexico (a recent abandonment, a mid-secondary forest and an old-growth). Also, simultaneous soil temperature and volumetric soil water content measurements were carried with a thermocouple thermometer and a soil moisture sensor, respectively. Finally, soil respiration flux was calculated with commercial soil data processing software.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.