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FIGURE 6 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 6 Map of Lake Biwa indicating geographical variation in the frequency of sculpture types in the adult females of five Semisulcospira species. Colours of locality names correspond to the colour coding in fig. 1

FIGURE 4 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 4 Results of ADMIXTURE analysis based on 738 SNP s conducted for five Semisulcospira species. Bar colours of the species in K = 5 correspond to the colour coding in fig. 3

FIGURE 5 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 5 Phylogenetic relationships of five Semisulcospira species estimated by the Neighbor-Net reconstructed based on uncorrected p-distances of 738 SNP s

FIGURE 3 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 3 Results of principal components analysis based on 738 SNP s conducted for five Semisulcospira species. A, Principal component (PC) 1 vs PC 2. B, PC2 vs PC3. C, PC 3 vs PC4. D, PC4 vs PC5

FIGURE 2 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 2 Schematic drawings representing shell measurements of Semisulcospira species in this study. A, Spire angle (SA) and aperture swell length (ASL) of adult shell. B–D, Criteria for types of sculptures

FIGURE 1 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 1 Map of Lake Biwa (A) and Oura Bay (B) showing 15 sampling localities: blue, Semisulcospira niponica; green, S. fuscata; purple, S. watanabei sp. nov.; red, S. nakanoi sp. nov.; orange, S. salebrosa sp. nov; black, putative hybrid between S. fuscata and S. watanabei sp. nov.

FIGURE 10 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 10 Shells of Semisulcospira nakanoi sp. nov. A–G, Holotype, KUZ Z4122. H–J, Paratype, KUZ Z4125. K–L, Paratype, KUZ Z4126. M–Q, Specimens from Onoe Port, KUZ Z4129, Z4130. A–C, H, K, M, P, Adult shell. A–C, H, M, Female. K, P, Male. D, I, L, N, Q, Operculum. E–G, J, O, Embryonic shell. Scale bars: 10 mm (A–D, H–I, K–L, M–N, P–Q), 1 mm (E–G, J, O). All specimens were treated with 3% sodium hypochlorite

FIGURE 12 in Diversification in ancient Lake Biwa: integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked species diversity of the Japanese freshwater snail genus Semisulcospira (Mollusca: Semisulcospiridae)

FIGURE 12 Radulae of Semisulcospira species. A–G, Semisulcospira niponica: A, Oura Port, KUZ Z4091; B, Nagahama Port, KUZ Z4093; C, Iso, KUZ Z4095; D, Kitakomatsu Port, KUZ Z4097; E, Katata Port, KUZ Z4099; F, Otsu Port, KUZ Z4101; G, Nango, KUZ Z4103. H–J, Semisulcospira fuscata: H, Lake Yogo, KUZ Z4103; I, Oura, KUZ Z4105; J, Nihonmatsu, KUZ Z4107. K–L, Semisulcospira watanabei sp. nov.: K, Kitakomatsu Port, KUZ Z4115; L, Horikiri Port, KUZ Z4120. M–N, Semisulcospira nakanoi sp. nov.: M, Onoe Port, KUZ Z4129; N, Chikubu-shima Island, KUZ Z4127. O–P, Semisulcospira salebrosa sp. nov.: O, Take-shima Island, KUZ Z4138; P, Shiraishi-jima Island, KUZ Z4136. Scale bars: 100 Μm

FIGURE 3 in The invasive alien freshwater FLatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology

FIGURE 3 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. Photomicrographs of hyperplasic ovaries and testes. A. ZMA V.Pl. 7283.1, hyperplasic ovaries located behind the brain; B. ZMA V.Pl. 7283.1, ectopic hyperplasic ovarian masses located at the level of the copulatory apparatus; C. ZMA V.Pl. 7283.1, magnification of hyperplasic ovaries, with oocytes at different stages of maturation; D. ZMA V.Pl. 7283.1, mature testes with sperm.

FIGURE 1 Girardia tigrina. A in The invasive alien freshwater FLatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology

FIGURE 1 Girardia tigrina. A. Geographic range of allochthonous sexual populations (filled circles) and populations with sexualized animals (triangles and asterisk) in the Western Palaearctic; asterisk: population from Liguria investigated in the present study. B. Aquatic plants as preferential shaded microhabitat in a tank at the Botanical Garden of the University of Genoa, Liguria. C. Habitus of a living ex-fissiparous specimen of the Ligurian population. Scale bar not available.

FIGURE 5 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. CGAS Pla 18.1 in The invasive alien freshwater FLatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology

FIGURE 5 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. CGAS Pla 18.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus (anterior to the left).

FIGURE 6 in The invasive alien freshwater FLatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology

FIGURE 6 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. Photomicrographs of the copulatory apparatus; sagittal sections. A. ZMA V.Pl. 7283.1, supernumerary penis and the main, fully developed copulatory apparatus; B. CGAS Pla 18.1, copulatory bursa with the bursal canal, penis, male atrium, and common atrium with diverticulum; C. CGAS Pla 18.2, copulatory bursa with the bursal canal, penis, and male atrium.

FIGURE 4 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. ZMA V in The invasive alien freshwater FLatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology

FIGURE 4 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. ZMA V.Pl. 7283.1 A. sagittal reconstruction of the two copulatory appara- tuses (anterior to the left); B. sagittal reconstruction of the main copulatory apparatus at the level of the right branch of the bursal canal and the blind cavity (anterior to the left).

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Freshwater connectivity transforms spatially integrated signals of biodiversity

<p>Aquatic ecosystems offer a continuum of water flow from headwater streams to inland lakes and coastal marine systems. This spatial connectivity influences the structure, function and dynamics of aquatic communities, which are among the most threatened and degraded on earth. Here, we determine the spatial resolution of eDNA in dendritic freshwater networks, which we use as a model for connected metacommunities. Our intensive sampling campaign comprised over 430 eDNA samples across 21 connected lakes, allowing us to analyse detections at a variety of scales, from different habitats within a lake to entire lake networks. We found strong signals of within-lake variation in eDNA distribution reflective of typical habitat use by both fish and zooplankton. Most importantly, we also found that connecting channels between lakes resulted in an accumulation of downstream eDNA detections in lakes with a higher number of inflows, and as networks increased in length. Environmental DNA achieves biodiversity surveys in these habitats in a high-throughput, spatially integrated way. These findings have profound implications for the interpretation of eDNA detections in aquatic ecosystems in global-scale biodiversity monitoring observations.</p>

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Regional IUCN Redlist for Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes of Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)

<p>A regional IUCN redlist assessment of extinction risk for freshwater and diadromous fishes in Great Britain, including assessments for Engand, Scotland and Wales. The dataset comprises summary data for assessments under Criteria A-E and narratives to support the the assessment of all native freshwater fish species listed for Great Britain.</p>

Fig. 5 in Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis

Fig. 5. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree inferred from SSU rDNA sequences, showing the position of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (red arrows). Numbers near branches denote ML bootstrap value/BI posterior probability. Asterisks (*) indicate topologies that differ between the ML and BI analyses. Fully supported (100%/1.00) branches are marked with solid circles. Question marks (?) in red color indicate that the two sequences are possibly misidentified. The scale bar corresponds to 5 substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions. All branches are drawn to scale. Systematic classification mainly follows Lynn (2008).

Fig. 4 in Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis

Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion. Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm.

Fig. 6 in Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis

Fig. 6. Sequence comparison of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene determined by BioEdit 7.0.5.2 (Hall 1999), showing the unmatched nucleotides of Uronema nigricans MF072399 and Lembadion lucens MF072398 with their sister sequences in the same clades, respectively (see Fig. 5). Nucleotide positions are given at the top of each column. Insertions and deletions are compensated by introducing alignment gaps (–). Numbers of unmatched sites (n) and sequence similarity percentages (%) compared with Uronema nigricans MF072399 and Lembadion lucens MF072398 are also supplied. The two sequences with question marks (?) are possibly misidentified. ID, identical; n, numbers of unmatched sites; %, sequence similarity percentages.

Fig. 3 in Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis

Fig. 3. Photomicrographs of Uronema nigricans from life (A–E, in bright field illumination) and after protargol (F–M) staining. (A–C) Right ventrolateral views of representative individuals, with cell in C slightly depressed. Arrow in A shows contractile vacuole, while in C indicates macronucleus. (D) View of caudal portion of another cell, arrow points to caudal cilium. (E) Different body sizes, showing conspicuous apical plate. (F, G) Ventral views of stained individuals, indicating the structure of scutica. (H, I) Portion views of oral apparatus, revealing the number of kinety rows in M2 (two rows in H and three rows in I). (J, K) Ventral (J) and dorsal (K) view of a representative individual to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. Arrow in J points to basal body of caudal cilium, arrow in K indicating the apical plate. (L, M) Left ventrolateral (L) and right dorsolateral (M) view of another stained individual to show the ciliature and oral apparatus. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, B); 30 μm (E).

Fig. 1 in Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis

Fig. 1. Map and sampling site. The yellow dots on the map and two corresponding photographs (A, B) show the collecting sites. (A) Fresh- water river in Shenzhen, southern China (22°32'19"N; 114°06'45"E). (B) Huguangyan Lake, an oligotrophic lake in Zhanjiang, southern China (21°08'38"N; 110°16'20"E).