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FIGURE 9 in A nomenclator for Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae), with notes on the identification and biogeography of its species

FIGURE 9. Boxplot depicting elevational ranges (in meters) of the species of Elaphoglossum sect. Polytrichia. The lines extending from the boxes (whiskers) indicate variability outside the upper and lower quartiles.

FIGURE 1 in A nomenclator for Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae), with notes on the identification and biogeography of its species

FIGURE 1. Consensus phylogeny depicting the relationships among major clades of Elaphoglossum. Topology summarizes results of previously published phylogenetic studies (Skog et al. 2004; Rouhan et al. 2004; Lóriga et al. 2014; Vasco et al. 2015; Matos et al. 2019). The Polytrichia Clade, which is the focus of the present study, is indicated in black. The asterisk indicates the presence of hydathodes in E. amygdalifolium.

FIGURE 4 in A nomenclator for Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae), with notes on the identification and biogeography of its species

FIGURE 4. Elaphoglossum crinitum (A–B) and E. decoratum (C–D). A. Habit. B. Abaxial side of sterile lamina. C. Habit. D. Abaxial side of stertile lamina. (made by Charles D. Clare on July 1973; used by Proctor 1985).

FIGURE 2 in A nomenclator for Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae), with notes on the identification and biogeography of its species

FIGURE 2. Field photos of selected species of Elaphoglossum sect. Polytrichia. A. E. angustioblongum. B. E. backhouseanum, showing nest-forming leaves. C. E. cotoi. D. E. crinitum. E. E. decoratum. F. Two of us authors (F. Matos and R. Moran) with E. erinaceum in Costa Rica. G. E. glaziovii. H. E. miersii, growing on the trunk of a tree fern. I. E. procurrens. A–C by F. Matos in Costa Rica; D by M. Sundue in Costa Rica; E by R. Moran in Costa Rica; F by M. Sundue; G–H by F. Matos in Brazil; I by J. Lóriga in Cuba.

FIGURE 12 in A nomenclator for Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae), with notes on the identification and biogeography of its species

FIGURE 12. Elaphoglossum × setaceum, a hybrid between E. hybridum (sect. Polytrichia) and E. lanatum (sect. Lepidoglossum) from Mauritius. Label attached to the holotype sheet (Lorence 15823b, MAU-0013385), showing that a single sterile individual was found among a large population of E. lanatum, on a shady stream bank. A vigorous fertile specimen of E. hybridum was growing at the base of a tree directly overhead. The hybrid is morphologically intermediate between these two species.

FIGURE 4 in Draeculacephala robinsoni Hamilton, 1967 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha Cicadellidae), a newly introduced species and genus in Europe with comments on its identification

FIGURE 4. Images of Draeculacephala robinsoni from Banyuls-sur-Mer (France). A) Female, dorsal habitus (scale = 1 mm), B) Male, dorsal habitus (scale = 1 mm), C) Female, lateral habitus, D) Male, lateral habitus, E) Female, face, F) Male, face, G) Aedeagus, laterally, H) Aedeagus apex, caudoventrally, I) Male left 2S abdominal apodeme, anteriorly, J) Female hind tarsomere I, lateroventrally (scale = 0.25 mm), K) detail of base of hind tarsomere I. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the hind tarsomere I were taken with a Hitachi TM3030+ desktop SEM.

FIGURE 2. A in Draeculacephala robinsoni Hamilton, 1967 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha Cicadellidae), a newly introduced species and genus in Europe with comments on its identification

FIGURE 2. A+B: Habitat of Draeculacephala robinsoni in Banyuls-sur-Mer in France (Pyrenées-Orientales) in the riverbeds of Ballaury (20.v.2021) and Rec de la Coma Pascola (25.v.2021) in. C+D: The species' habitat in Spain (Catalonia) in the wetland of Can Morgat, Porqueres (12.x.2021) and in mown grasslands in the Aiguamolls de l'Empordà (26.i.2021). Pictures taken by VR (A+B), AMN (C) and EM (D).

FIGURE 3 in Draeculacephala robinsoni Hamilton, 1967 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha Cicadellidae), a newly introduced species and genus in Europe with comments on its identification

FIGURE 3. Living specimens of Draeculacephala robinsoni in the field in the Aiguamolls de l'Empordà (Castelló d'Empuries), Catalonia, Spain. A) A male and two females, 26.viii.2021, B) Female, 04.ix.2021, C) Nymph, 04.ix.2021. Pictures taken by EM (A) and AMN (B+C).

FIGURE 1 in Draeculacephala robinsoni Hamilton, 1967 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha Cicadellidae), a newly introduced species and genus in Europe with comments on its identification

FIGURE 1. Map showing the sampling locations in France (Pyrenées-Orientales) and Spain (Catalonia) in 2021. Closed circles: presence of Draeculacephala robinsoni, open circles: D. robinsoni was not found. For exact coordinates see Table 1.

FIGURE 19 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 19. Puccinia caricis-rafaensis on Urtica laetevirens (A–G) and Carex sp. (H–J). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aeciospores. F. An aecium observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores with granules on the surface observed under SEM. H. Urediniospores. I. Vertical section of a uredinium. J. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, J = 30 μm, D = 50 μm, E, H, I = 20 μm, F = 100 μm, G = 5 μm.

FIGURE 18 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 18. Puccinia moiwensis on Urtica angustifolia (A–G) and Carex sp. (H–M). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Spermogonia on the upper leaf surface. C. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. D. Vertical section of a spermogonium. E. An aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospores with granules on the surface observed under SEM. G. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. H. Plants producing uredinia and telia on the leaf surface in the field. I. Uredinia and telia on the lower leaf surface. J. Vertical section of a immature uredinium. K. Vertical section of a telium. L. Vertical section of a uredinium. M. Urediniospores. Scale bars: D, J, K, M = 20 μm, E = 100 μm, F = 10 μm, G = 50 μm, K = 30 μm.

FIGURE 17 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 17. Puccinia urticae-inflatae on Urtica angustifolia (A–H) and Carex sp. (I–N). A, D. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on leaves and stems in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. E. Aeciospores. F. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. G. An aecium observed under SEM. H. Aeciospores with granules on the surface observed under SEM. I, J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Urediniospores. L. Vertical section of an uredinium. M. Teliospores. N. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, K, L, N = 30 μm, E, M = 20 μm, F = 50 μm, G = 100 μm, H = 10 μm.

FIGURE 16 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 16. Puccinia urticata on Carex sp. A. Telia on the leaf surface. B. Teliospores. C. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: B, C = 20 μm.

FIGURE 14 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 14. Puccinia caricis-pediformis on Carex pediformis. A, B. Telia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C = 20 μm.

FIGURE 15 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 15. Puccinia caricis-tenuiformis on Carex sp. A. Telia on the leaf surface. B. Teliospores. C. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: B = 20 μm, C = 40 μm.

FIGURE 11 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 11. Puccinia circaeae-caricis on Circaea sp. (A–H) and Carex sp. (I). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B, D. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aeciospores. G. An aecium observed under SEM. H. Aeciospores with granules on the surface observed under SEM. I. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, F, I = 20 μm, E, G = 50 μm, H = 5 μm.

FIGURE 10 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 10. Puccinia caricis-hebeiensis on Carex sp. A. Telia on the lower leaf surface. B, C. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: B, C = 20 μm.

FIGURE 12 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 12. Puccinia caricis-artemisiae on Artemisia sp. (A–F) and Carex neurocarpa (G–K). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aeciospores. E. An aecium observed under SEM. F. An aeciospore with granules on the surface observed under SEM. G, H. Uredinia and telia on the lower leaf surface. I. Urediniospores. J. Vertical section of an uredinium. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C = 50 μm, D, I = 20 μm, E = 10 μm, F = 5 μm, J, K = 30 μm.

FIGURE 7 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 7. Puccinia caricis-ribicola on Ribes mandshuricum (A–C) and Carex dispalata (D–F). A. Vertical section of a spermogonium. B. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. C. Aeciospores. D. Plants producing telia on the leaf surface in the field. E. Telia on the lower leaf surface. F. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: A, C, F = 20 μm, B = 30 μm.

FIGURE 13 in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China

FIGURE 13. Puccinia caricis-amblyolepis on Carex sp. A. Plants producing uredinia and telia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Vertical section of a uredinium. C. Urediniospores. D. Uredinia and telia on the lower leaf surface. E. Teliospores. F. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: B, C = 30 μm, E, F = 20 μm.