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FIGURES 61–75 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 61–75. Tarsal organ, dorsal view, Harpactea lepida (C.L. Koch), male (61–65), Harpactocrates drassoides (Simon), female (66–70) and male (71–75). 61, 66, 71. Leg I. 62, 67, 72. Leg II. 63, 68, 73. Leg III. 64, 69, 74. Leg IV. 65, 70, 75. Palp.

FIGURES 46–60 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 46–60. Tarsal organ, dorsal view, Dysdera crocata C.L. Koch, female (46–50) and male (51–55), Harpactea lepida (C.L. Koch), female (56–60). 46, 51, 56. Leg I. 47, 52, 57. Leg II. 48, 53, 58. Leg III. 49, 54, 59. Leg IV. 50, 55, 60. Palp.

FIGURES 188–202 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 188–202. Dalmasula lorelei, new species, male. 188. Spinnerets, ventral view. 189. Anterior lateral spinneret, apical view. 190. Posterior median spinneret, same. 191. Posterior lateral spinneret, same. 192. Claws of leg I, lateral view. 193. Same, leg III. 194. Same, leg IV. 195. Claws of leg I, apical view. 196. Claws of leg II, dorsal view. 197. Claws of leg III, apical view. 198. Same, leg IV. 199. Tarsal organ from leg I, dorsal view. 200. Same, leg II. 201. Same, leg III. 202. Same, leg IV.

FIGURES 143–157 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 143–157. Sulsula pauper (O. P.-Cambridge), female. 143. Abdomen, lateral view. 144. Habitus, lateral view. 145. Carapace, dorsal view. 146. Same, lateral view. 147. Same, anterior view. 148. Chelicerae, anterior view. 149. Same, posterior view. 150. Labium and endites, ventral view. 151. Labrum and endites, dorsal view. 152. Serrula, dorsal view. 153. Palp, prolateral view. 154. Same, retrolateral view. 155. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. 156. Sternum, ventral view. 157. Trichobothrial base from tibia IV, dorsal view.

FIGURES 248–262 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 248–262. Dalmasula tsumkwe, new species, male (248–255) and female (256–262). 248, 257. Carapace, dorsal view. 249, 256. Same, lateral view. 250, 258. Same, anterior view. 251. Sternum, ventral view. 252. Left palp, prolateral view. 253. Same, retrolateral view. 254. Embolus, prolateral view. 255. Same, retrolateral view. 259. Abdomen, ventral view. 260. Genitalia, ventral view. 261. Same, dorsal view. 262. Spinnerets, ventral view.

FIGURES 76–90 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 76–90. Tarsal organ, dorsal view (except 85, lateral view), Tasmanoonops parvus Forster and Platnick, female (76–80, proximal end at top of image except 79, proximal end at right of image) and male (81, 82), Hickmanolobus sp., female (83), Calculus bicolor Purcell (84, 85), Orchestina sp. from Africa, female (86–90). 76, 84–86. Leg I. 77, 81, 83, 87. Leg II. 78, 82, 88. Leg III. 79, 89. Leg IV. 80, 90. Palp.

FIGURES 323–329 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 323–329. Kapitia obscura Forster, male (323–327) and female (328, 329). 323. Left palp, prolateral view. 324. Same, retrolateral view. 325. Embolus, retrolateral view. 326. Habitus, dorsal view. 327. Same, ventral view. 328. Genitalia, ventral view. 329. Same, dorsal view.

FIGURES 31–45 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 31–45. Tarsal organ, dorsal view, Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus), male (31–35), Ariadna bicolor (Hentz), female (36–40) and male (41–45). 31, 36, 41. Leg I. 32, 37, 42. Leg II. 33, 38, 43. Leg III. 34, 39, 44. Leg IV. 35, 40, 45. Palp.

FIGURES 278–292 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 278–292. Dalmasula griswoldi, new species, male (278–288) and female (289–292). 278. Left palp, dorsal view. 279. Same, apical view. 280. Left palpal bulb, prolateral view. 281. Same, retrolateral view. 282. Same, apical view. 283. Embolus, prolateral view. 284. Same, ventral view. 285. Same, retrolateral view. 286. Same, apical view. 287. Conductor, ventral view. 288. Same, apical view. 289. Habitus, dorsal view. 290. Same, lateral view. 291. Same, ventral view. 292. Same, anterior view.

FIGURES 1–15 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 1–15. Tarsal organ, dorsal view, Oonops pulcher Templeton, female (1–5) and male (6–10), Triaeris stenaspis Simon, female (11–15). 1, 6, 11. Leg I. 2, 7, 12. Leg II. 3, 8, 13. Leg III. 4, 9, 14. Leg IV, 5, 10, 15. Palp. Arrows point to the proximally situated, longitudinal ridge here considered synapomorphic for the Oonopidae.

FIGURES 16–30 in Tarsal Organ Morphology and the Phylogeny of Goblin Spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), With Notes on Basal Genera

FIGURES 16–30. Tarsal organ, dorsal view, Ischnothyreus peltifer (Simon), female (16–20) and male (21–25), Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus), female (26–30). 16, 21, 26. Leg I. 17, 22, 27. Leg II. 18, 23, 28. Leg III. 19, 24, 29. Leg IV. 20, 25, 30. Palp.

Fig. 5 in A Clade of Non-Sexually Dimorphic Ponyfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Leiognathidae): Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Description of a New Species

Fig. 5. Left lateral view of head of: (A) Leiognathus robustus, holotype, UMMZ 242144, adult male, 183.4 mm SL; (B) Leiognathus equulus, UMMZ 238805, adult male, 173.4 mm SL. Arrow indicates nuchal spine.

Fig. 6 in A Clade of Non-Sexually Dimorphic Ponyfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Leiognathidae): Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Description of a New Species

Fig. 6. Comparative radiographs of similarly sized (A) Leiognathus robustus, holotype, UMMZ 242144, adult male, 183.4 mm SL, and (B) Leiognathus equulus, UMMZ 238805, adult male, 173.4 mm SL.

Fig. 8. A in A Clade of Non-Sexually Dimorphic Ponyfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Leiognathidae): Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Description of a New Species

Fig. 8. A. Scomber equula Forsskål, lectotype, ZMUC P48219, dry skin, 131 mm SL, Yemen: Red Sea: Luhaiya. B. Scomber edentulus Bloch, holotype, ZMB 8756, dry left skin, India: Tranquebar.

Fig. 1 in A Clade of Non-Sexually Dimorphic Ponyfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Leiognathidae): Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Description of a New Species

Fig. 1. Comparison of light organs (circled) and associated features of the LOS in male leiognathids exhibiting both sexually dimorphic and nondimorphic states. Leiognathus elongatus, extreme sexual dimorphism: (A) external anatomy illustrating expansive transparent lateral flank patch characteristic of males, which is located just external to the clear gasbladder wall and enlarged dorsal lobes of the male light organ; (B) internal anatomy illustrating lateral clearing of the silvery gasbladder lining (arrow) and hypertrophied dorsal lobes of the light organ, which lie internal to the gasbladder lining (removed). Leiognathus aureus, moderate to extreme sexual dimorphism: (C) external anatomy illustrating transparent pectoralaxil patch characteristic of males, which lies just exterior to the hypertrophied dorsolateral lightorgan lobes; (D) internal anatomy illustrating enlarged dorsolateral lightorgan lobes that abut lateral clearing of the integument just internal to the pectoralfin axil. Leiognathus equulus, nondimorphic: (E) external anatomy; (F) internal anatomy. In members of the L. equulus species complex the light organ is not enlarged in males and there is no corresponding lateral clearing of the silvery gasbladder lining (arrow indicates posterior clear region common to all leiognathids) or integument proximal to the light organ.

Fig. 2 in A Clade of Non-Sexually Dimorphic Ponyfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Leiognathidae): Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Description of a New Species

Fig. 2. Single optimal tree of leiognathid relationships recovered by combined analysis of mitochondrial (16S and COI) nucleotide characters. L. = Leiognathus; G. = Gazza; S. = Secutor. Numbers above branches represent Bremer support and numbers below branches represent Jackknife resampling percentages (>50%). Letters at nodes correspond to clades discussed in text: clade A = Leiognathidae; clade B = leiognathids with nonsexually dimorphic LOS; clade C = leiognathids bearing sexually dimorphic LOS. LOS features characteristic of members of recovered clades (Sparks and Dunlap, in review) are indicated on the topology.

Fig. 3 in A Clade of Non-Sexually Dimorphic Ponyfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Leiognathidae): Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Description of a New Species

Fig. 3. Leiognathus robustus, holotype, UMMZ 242144, 183.4 mm SL, adult male; Singapore. A. External anatomy, illustrating general pigmentation pattern, and absence of transparent flank or opercular

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Text-fig. 2. Phylogeography based on mitochondrial phylogeny showing several evolutionary lineages of Arvicola and the separation of the Italian lineage of Arvicola, currently A. italicus (lineage A1), from European and Euro-Asiatic groups. From Wust-Saucy (1998: fig. 27), modified. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe

Text-fig. 2. Phylogeography based on mitochondrial phylogeny showing several evolutionary lineages of Arvicola and the separation of the Italian lineage of Arvicola, currently A. italicus (lineage A1), from European and Euro-Asiatic groups. From Wust-Saucy (1998: fig. 27), modified.

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FIG. 5. — A in Contribution to the systematics and phylogeny of Bouvrain, 1982 (Mammalia, Bovidae)

FIG. 5. — A, One of the 32 most parsimonious trees with length 38, ECI: 0.60 that is preferred here. A delayed transformation scenario has been chosen for characters Oc and Bo2 (see text). Character changes supporting nodes 1-6 are: Node 1 = *Hc4(1), *Pe(1) and obviously Hc7(1); Node 2 = Hc3(1), Hc7(2), Hc8(1); Node 3 = Hc9(1), Hc10(1), Oc(1), Bo1(2), Bo2(1); Node 4 = Hc3(0), *Hc4(0), Hc7(1), Hc8(0); Node 5 = *Hc2(1), *Hc1(1), Bo2(1), Oc(1), Cr(1); Node 6 = *Hc1(2), *Hc5(1), *Hc11(1), Bo1(1), *Su(1). Unambiguous character changes supporting the same nodes on both trees are marked with an asterisk. Characters supporting terminal taxa are all the same in the favored and most parsimonious trees except for Cr(1). Character coding as in Figure 4. Numbers in squares represent % values of bootstrapping support with 1000 pseudoreplicates; B, Distribution of cladogram lengths. Abbreviations: P., Prostr., Prostrepsiceros; h., houtumschindleri.