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Figure 2. from Collecting and Preserving Marine and Freshwater Isopoda (Crustacea: Peracarida) - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4912 (12 May 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4912
Figure 2. - Plankton net (240 µm mesh), 25 x 25 cm [10 x 10 inches] 240 µm mesh plankton netting to use with funnel, numbered mesh draw-string collecting bags (28 x 46 cm [11 x 18 inches], 200 or 300 µm mesh, seams reinforced with sew-on edge binding), draw-string cotton sack 41 x 76 cm [16 x 30 inches] for larger bulkier samples, assorted screw-top vials and plastic eye dropper, stainless steel forceps (10 and 25 cm [6 and 10 inches] long), insect collecting forceps for picking up fast moving or fragile animals, leather garden gloves, Optivisor optical glass binocular magnifier (2 diopter, 1.5x), dive light, whirl top bags (2 sizes = 13 x 30 cm [5 x 12 inches] and 12 x 23 cm [4.5 x 9 inches]), fanny pack, and GPS. Photo credit: N. D. Pentcheff.
Fig. 5. Rhinogobius nammaensis, ZRC 46582, 43.0 in Three New Freshwater Gobies Of The Genus Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) From Northeastern Laos
Fig. 5. Rhinogobius nammaensis, ZRC 46582, 43.0 mm SL; head lateral-line system. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Caridina Trifasciata, A New Species Of Freshwater Shrimp (Decapoda: Atyidae) From Hong Kong
Fig. 2. Map of Hong Kong, showing the collection sites.
Fig. 2 in Evidence Of The Earliest Freshwater Decapod Fossil From Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)
Fig. 2. Location of Vieng Phouka in northwestern Laos.
Fig. 3 in Evidence Of The Earliest Freshwater Decapod Fossil From Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)
Fig. 3. Sedimentologic profile and fossil content of the Vieng Phouka coal mine.
Supporting data for Bryłka et al., 2023 Gene duplication, shifting selection, and functional diversification of silicon transporter proteins in marine and freshwater diatoms.
<p>These are supporting files used in the analysis in Bryłka et al., 2023 "<em>Gene duplication, shifting selection, and functional diversification of silicon transporter proteins in marine and freshwater diatoms". </em> All data newly generated from the Alverson lab.</p> <p> </p>
Global Regionalized Characterization Factors for Phosphorus and Nitrogen Impacts on Freshwater Fish Biodiversity
<p>Overview and guidance for using the data in "CFs_freshwater_eutrophication" related to the article "Global Regionalized Characterization Factors for Phosphorus and Nitrogen Impacts on Freshwater Fish Biodiversity"</p> <p> </p> <p>See the "readme_CFs_freshwater_eutrophication.pdf" file to find the details of the enclosed data.</p> <p> </p> <p>Units</p> <ul> <li>Phosphorus from direct emissions to freshwater or diffuse sources on the soil: PDF·year/kgP</li> <li>Nitrogen from direct emissions to freshwater or diffuse sources on the soil: PDF·year/kgN</li> <li>Erosion: PDF·year/(m2·year)</li> </ul> <p>Please excuse any typos in the units in the xlsx files.</p>
Seismic and Hydrostratigraphic Characterization of the Onshore-Offshore Freshwater Systems of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket, Massachusetts, USA: Field Survey Report
<p>This data archive includes three files: field project report, seisimic data (shot gathers) from Martha's Vineyard, and seismic data (shot gathers) from Nantucket. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF Award 2052794). Technical support was provided by Geophysical Technology, Inc. (<a href="https://geophysicaltechnology.com/">https://geophysicaltechnology.com/</a>), Exploration Instruments (<a href="https://www.exiusa.com/">https://www.exiusa.com/</a>) , and Seismic Source (<a href="https://seismicsource.com/">https://seismicsource.com/</a>). Field work in Manuel F. Correllus State Forest was conducted with the approval of the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation under Research Access Permit #R-209. Daniel Wright and Conor Laffey of the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation provided local logistical support on Martha’s Vineyard. Field work on Nantucket was conducted with the approval of Wannacommet Water Company. Mark Willett of Wannacommet water company provided local logistical support on Nantucket.</p>
Supplementary data for: simultaneous species detection and discovery with environmental DNA metabarcoding: a freshwater mollusk case study
<p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is a powerful tool for rapidly characterizing biodiversity patterns for specious, cryptic taxa with incomplete taxonomies. One such group that are also of high conservation concern are North American freshwater gastropods. In particular, springsnails of the genus <em>Pyrgulopsis</em> (Family: Hydrobiidae) are prevalent throughout the western United States where >140 species have been described. Many of the described species are narrow endemics known from a single spring or locality and it is believed that there are likely many additional species which have yet to be described. The distribution of these species across the landscape is of interest because habitat loss and degradation, climate change, groundwater mining, and pollution have resulted in springsnail imperilment rates as high as 92%. Determining distributions with conventional sampling methods is limited by the fact that these snails are often <5 mm in length with few distinguishing morphological characters, making them both difficult to detect and to identify. In order to facilitate detection of <em>Pyrgulopsis</em> we developed an eDNA metabarcoding protocol that is both inexpensive and capable of rapid, accurate detection of all known <em>Pyrgulopsis</em> species. When compared with conventional collection techniques, our pipeline consistently resulted in detection at sites previously known to contain <em>Pyrgulopsis </em>springsnails and at a cost per site that is likely to be substantially less than the conventional sampling and individual barcoding that has been done historically. Additionally, because our method uses eDNA extracted from filtered water it is non-destructive and suitable for the detection of endangered species where "no take" restrictions may be in effect. This effort represents both a tool which is immediately applicable to a group of high conservation concern across western North America and a case study in the broader application of eDNA sampling for landscape assessments of cryptic taxa of conservation concern.</p>
Data from: No effect of realistic concentrations of polyester microplastic fibers on freshwater zooplankton communities
<p>Zooplankton are a conduit of energy from autotrophic phytoplankton to higher trophic levels, and they can be a primary point of entry of microplastics into the aquatic food chain. Investigating how zooplankton communities are affected by microplastic pollution is thus a key step towards understanding ecosystem-level effects of these global and ubiquitous contaminants. Although the number of studies investigating the biological effects of microplastics has grown exponentially in the last decade, the majority have used controlled laboratory experiments to quantify the impacts of microplastics on individual species. Given that all organisms live in multi-species communities in nature, here we use an outdoor 1130L mesocosm experiment to investigate the effects of microplastic exposure on natural assemblages of zooplankton. We endeavored to simulate an environmentally relevant exposure scenario by manually creating ~270,000 0.015mm x 1-1.5mm polyester fibers and inoculating mesocosms with zero, low (10 particles/L) or high (50 particles/L) concentrations. We recorded zooplankton abundance and community composition three times throughout the 12-week study. We found no effect of microplastics on zooplankton abundance, Shannon diversity, or Pielou's evenness. NMDS plots also revealed no effects of microplastics on zooplankton community composition. Our study provides a necessary and realistic baseline upon which future studies can build. Because numerous other stressors faced by zooplankton (e.g. food limitation, eutrophication, warming temperatures, pesticides) are likely to exacerbate the effects of microplastics, we caution against concluding that polyester microfibers will always have no effect on zooplankton communities. Instead, we encourage future studies to investigate the triple threats of habitat degradation, climate warming, and microplastic pollution on zooplankton community health.</p>
Data from: Substantial pulses of aquatic insects emerge from tidal freshwaters along the James River Estuary, Virginia, USA
<p>Tidal freshwaters in upper estuarine reaches provide important ecosystem services but are threatened by relative sea-level rise and pollution from increased development. Tidal freshwaters are highly productive and support estuarine and riparian food webs alike. Aquatic insects are common prey subsidies crossing into riparian habitats; however, the magnitude, timing, and composition of insect emergence in tidal systems has received little attention. Our objective was to better understand the magnitude and variability of aquatic insect emergence in tidal freshwaters. To do so, we quantified insect emergence from tidal creeks and estuarine shorelines of the James Estuary, Virginia, USA, and characterized spatial and temporal patterns in the amount of emergent biomass. We continuously monitored insect emergence from 7 April to 8 November 2019 with floating emergence traps to estimate daily emergence, then used generalized additive mixed models to analyze spatial and temporal variation in daily emergence rates. We estimated aquatic insect biomass to emerge at a mean rate (±1 SE) of 15.6 ± 2.0 g dry mass m −2 y −1, which is among the highest of previously published estimates from nontidal systems (mean ±1 SE = 12.9 ± 6.2 g dry mass m −2 y −1 ). Spatial variability in emergence was highly taxon specific. Diptera and Trichoptera had more biomass emerging from the subtidal than intertidal zone, Odonata biomass emerged more from tidal creeks than along the estuarine shoreline, and the amount of Trichoptera biomass increased, whereas Ephemeroptera decreased, with distance from the estuarine shoreline. The magnitude and composition of emergent taxa varied throughout the sampling period, with sequential peaks in biomass that altered the prey available to riparian consumers. Our results suggest that tidal freshwaters export substantial quantities of aquatic insects, which are valuable prey items for riparian consumers in these systems.</p>
Data from: mapping endemic freshwater fish richness to identify high priority areas for conservation: an ecoregion approach
<p>Freshwater ecosystems are experiencing accelerating global biodiversity loss. Thus, knowing where these unique ecosystems' species richness reaches a peak can facilitate their conservation planning. By hosting more than 290 freshwater fishes, Iran is a major freshwater fish hotspot in the Middle East. Considering the accelerating rate of biodiversity loss, there is an urgent need to identify species rich areas and understanding of the mechanisms driving biodiversity distribution. In this study, we gathered distribution records of all endemic freshwater fishes of Iran (85 species) to develop their richness map and determine the most critical drivers of their richness patterns from an ecoregion approach. We performed a generalized linear model (GLM) with quasi-Poisson distribution to identify contemporary and historical determinants of endemic freshwater fish richness. We also quantified endemic fish similarity among the 15 freshwater ecoregions of Iran. Results showed that endemic freshwater fish richness is highest in the Zagros Mountains while moderate level of richness was observed between Zagros and Alborz Mountains. High, moderate and low richness of endemic freshwater fish match with Upper Tigris & Euphrates, Namak, and Kavir & Lut Deserts ecoregions respectively. Kura - South Caspian Drainages and Caspian Highlands were the most similar ecoregions and Orumiyeh was the most unique ecoregion according to endemic fish presence. Precipitation and precipitation change velocity since the Last Glacial Maximum were the most important predictors of endemic freshwater fish richness. Areas identified to have the highest species richness have high priority for the conservation of freshwater fish in Iran, therefore, should be considered in future protected areas development.</p>
Fig. 3 in Distribution Of Freshwater Crayfish In Latvia
Fig. 3. Distribution of narrow-clawed crayfish in Latvia (1992-2018).
Fig. 2 in Distribution Of Freshwater Crayfish In Latvia
Fig. 2. Distribution of noble crayfish in Latvia (1992-2018).
Investment in regeneration versus asexual reproduction is resource-dependent in a freshwater annelid
<ol> <li>The post-embryonic developmental processes of regeneration and asexual agametic reproduction are widespread and often co-occur in animals. These traits are of great ecological significance, but their physiological dynamics within species are not well understood. In naid annelids, regeneration and asexual reproduction via fission are evolutionarily related and mechanistically similar yet distinct, making these animals useful systems in which to study resource allocation strategies between the two processes.</li> <li>How asexual reproductive investment varies as a function of somatic investment demands was tested in the naid <em>Pristina</em> <em>leidyi</em> by repeatedly amputating the heads of individual worms, allowing regeneration to proceed, and measuring reproductive output over time. Treatments were replicated under high and low food levels to determine to what extent the investment dynamic between regeneration and fission is affected by the resource pool.</li> <li>Reproductive output was affected by injury and regeneration frequency in a resource-dependent manner, such that only worms with less food availability exhibited reproductive deficits; injury and regeneration did not affect reproductive output of worms under the high food condition. When reproductive output was decreased, this occurred not through a reduction in offspring quantity but a reduction in offspring quality. In the offspring of experimental animals, body size and fission speed were dependent on parental feeding level and to a lesser and inconsistent extent on parental injury history, but regeneration speed was unaffected by parental treatment.</li> <li>These findings suggest that in a species capable of both regeneration and asexual reproduction: 1) the resource pool is a key factor mediating the resource investment pattern between regeneration and fission; 2) sacrificing per-offspring investment rather than fecundity may be an optimal strategy if resources are limiting; 3) regeneration and fission have evolved distinct resource allocation pathways. This work prompts further questions about the physiological dynamics between regeneration and asexual reproduction in animals, such as whether and to what extent these have evolved adaptively, including in response to injury and resource pressures.</li> </ol>
Physiological condition and salinity preference in freshwater migrating juvenile sockeye salmon
<p>The amount of time that juvenile salmon remain in an estuary varies among and within populations, with some individuals passing through their estuary in hours while others remain in the estuary for several months. Underlying differences in individual physiological condition, such as body size, stored energy, and osmoregulatory function, could drive individual variation in the selection of estuary habitat. Here we investigated the role of variation in physiological condition on the selection of estuarine and ocean habitat by sockeye salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus nerka</em>) smolts intercepted at the initiation of their 650 km downstream migration from Chilko Lake, Fraser River, British Columbia (B.C.). Behavioural salinity preference experiments were conducted on unfed smolts held in fresh water at three time intervals during their downstream migration period, representing the stage of migration at lake exit, and the expected timing for estuary entry, and ocean entry (0, 1, and 3 weeks after lake exit, respectively).</p>
Late Pleistocene stickleback environmental genomes reveal the chronology of freshwater adaptation
<p>Directly observing the chronology and tempo of adaptation in response to ecological change is rarely possible in natural ecosystems. Sedimentary aDNA (sedaDNA) has been shown to be a tractable source of genome-scale data of long-dead organisms, and to thereby potentially provide an understanding of the evolutionary histories of past populations. To date, time series of ecosystem biodiversity have been reconstructed from sedaDNA, typically using DNA metabarcoding or shotgun sequence data generated from less than one gram of sediment. Here we maximise sequence coverage by extracting DNA from ~50x more sediment per sample than the majority of previous studies, to achieve genotype resolution. From a time-series of Late Pleistocene sediments spanning from a marine to freshwater ecosystem, we compare adaptive genotypes reconstructed from the environmental genomes of threespine stickleback at key time points of this transition. We find a staggered temporal dynamic, in which freshwater alleles at known loci of large effect in marine-freshwater divergence of threespine stickleback (e.g. <em>EDA</em>) were already established during the brackish phase of the formation of the isolation basin. Yet marine alleles were still detected across the majority of marine-freshwater divergence associated loci, even after the complete isolation of the lake from marine ingression. Our retrospective approach to studying adaptation from environmental genomes of threespine sticklebacks at the end of the last glacial period complements contemporary experimental approaches and highlights the untapped potential for retrospective 'evolve-and-resequence' natural experiments using sedaDNA.</p>
Population structure and connectivity among coastal and freshwater Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) populations from Patagonia
<p>The genetic identification of significant evolutionary units and information on their connectivity can be used to design effective management and conservation plans. Despite having high dispersal capacity, several seabird species show population structure due to both abiotic and biotic barriers to gene flow. The Kelp Gull is the most abundant species of gull in the southern hemisphere. In Argentina it reproduces in both marine and freshwater environments, with more than 100,000 pairs following a metapopulation dynamic across 140 colonies in the Atlantic coast of Patagonia. However, little is known about the demography and connectivity of inland populations. We aim to provide information on the connectivity of the largest freshwater colonies (those from Nahuel Huapi Lake) with the closest Pacific and Atlantic populations to evaluate if these freshwater colonies are being subsidized by the larger coastal populations. We sampled three geographic regions (Nahuel Huapi Lake and the Atlantic and Pacific coasts) and employed a reduced-representation genomic approach to genotype individuals for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We found, using clustering and phylogenetic analyses, that there are three genetic groups, each corresponding to one of our sampled regions. Individuals from marine environments are more closely related to each other than to those from Nahuel Huapi Lake, indicating that the latter population constitutes the first freshwater Kelp Gull colony to be identified as a significant evolutionary unit in Patagonia.</p>
Galaxias maculatus occurrence data in marine and freshwater environments in rivers of southern Chile
<p>In the present study, we assessed ecological and historical factors (Gondwanan vicariance, marine dispersion) and potential dispersion (niche-tracking) that explain distribution of <em>Galaxias maculatus</em> in the Southern Hemisphere based on occurrences available in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF; period 1980 to 2022) and ichthyological sampling in five river systems in southern Chile between March and November 2019. Ocurrence data extracted from GBIF are available at <a href="http://www.gbif.org">http://www.gbif.org</a> and additional ichthyological sampling data that were used are provided here. Data provided here are based on sampling of <em>Galaxias maculatus</em> at 12 sites in five river systems in southern Chile during March, May, August, and November 2019. Sampling sites were selected to cover a continuous river gradient, including (whenever possible) the lower, middle, and upper sections of each river system. Fish were captured using beach seines (5 m long, 1.5 m high, and 10 mm stretched mesh) in shoreline habitats of each evaluated river system.</p>
Fig. 16 in XXII. Free-living Nematodes from Greenland, Land and Freshwater.
Fig. 16. Dorylaimus conicaudatus. Hind part.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.