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FIGURE 2 in Deciphering the cryptic species diversity of dull-coloured day geckos Phelsuma (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Madagascar, with description of a new species

FIGURE 2. Phelsuma gouldi sp. nov., female holotype (ZSM 804/2010) in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral view.

FIGURE 1 in Deciphering the cryptic species diversity of dull-coloured day geckos Phelsuma (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Madagascar, with description of a new species

FIGURE 1. (A) Anja Reserve and surrounding anthropogenically modified areas; (B–C) views of the fragmented forest in Anja Reserve. A and B, photos by AC; C photo by Thomas Althaus.

FIGURE 5. A in Deciphering the cryptic species diversity of dull-coloured day geckos Phelsuma (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Madagascar, with description of a new species

FIGURE 5. A possible individual of Phelsuma gouldi from near Betroka in life, photo by Hans-Peter Berghof.

FIGURE 4 in Deciphering the cryptic species diversity of dull-coloured day geckos Phelsuma (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Madagascar, with description of a new species

FIGURE 4. Bayesian inference tree based on 358 bp of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. Phelsuma standingi was used as an outgroup. Values at nodes are bootstrap values in percent from MP analyses; values below 70% not shown. Asterisks denote Bayesian posterior probabilities values: (*), 90–94%; *, 95–98%; **, 99–100%. Numbers 1, 2 and 3 denote the three major clades identified within the analysed samples of P. mutabilis.

FIGURE 3 in Deciphering the cryptic species diversity of dull-coloured day geckos Phelsuma (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Madagascar, with description of a new species

FIGURE 3. Mental region of preserved specimens, showing differences in scalation: (A) Phelsuma borai holotype (ZSM 103/ 2006); (B) Phelsuma mutabilis (ZSM 588/2000); (C) Phelsuma gouldi sp. nov., holotype (ZSM 804/2010). Pictures (A) and (B) were retrieved from Glaw et al. (2009).

FIGURE 9 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 9. Neighbour joining trees, showing bootstrap values NJ/BI/ML showing sequence divergence in Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov., P. japonica from Lake Biwa, P. japonica from China (from Genbank), P. p l a t e n s i s from Canada (from Gen- Bank) and outgroup species including Orchestia cavimana (from GenBank; see Browne et al.) and Parorchestia sp. from Japan (for details of GenBank no., see Table 3).

FIGURE 7 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 7. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. male. a) R Plp 1, posterior view, b) L Plp 1, anterior view, c) R Plp 2, posterior view, d) L Plp 2, anterior view, e) R Plp 3, posterior view, f) L Plp 3, anterior view, g) L Up 1, outer lateral view, h) R Up 1, inner lateral view, i) L Up 2, outer lateral view, j) R Up 2, inner lateral view, k) L Up 3, outer lateral view, l) R Up 3, inner lateral view, m) Tl, dorsal view. For abbreviations, see legend in Fig. 3.

FIGURE 10 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 10. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. and P. japonica. a) telson, showing the interspecific variation in the number of setal groups at the lateral margin (indicated by white arrows). P. paludosus has one group of setae, whilst P. japonica has two groups of setae (indicated by white arrows). b) uropod, showing the interspecific differences in the shape of the ramus (indicated by white arrows). Note the intra-specific variation in number of setae in the peduncle (indicated by black arrows, for details, see discussion).

FIGURE 3 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 3. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. male. R At 1, a) ventral view, b) tip, ventral view. L At 1, c) dorsal view, d) tip, dorsal view. R At 2, e) tip, inner lateral view. f) tip, outer lateral view. g) R At 2 (L one), L At 2 (R one). h) Ul, dorsal view. i) R Md, dorsal inner lateral view. j) L Md, dorsal inner lateral view. k) Ll, ventral view. l) R Mx 1, ventral view. m) L Mx 1, dorsal view. R Mx 2, n) ventral view, o) inner plate margin, ventral view, p) outer plate margin, ventral view. L Mx 2, q) dorsal view, rs) inner plate margin, dorsal view, s) outer plate margin, dorsal view. R: right; L: left; At: antenna; Ul: upper lip; Md; mandible; Mx: maxilla; Ll: lower lip; Mp: maxilliped; Pa: palp; Gp: gnathopod; Pp: perepod; Plp: pleopod; Up: uropod; Tl: telson.

FIGURE 5 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 5. Platorchestia paludal sp. nov. male. a) L Gp 1 outer lateral view. b) R Gp 1 inner lateral view. c) L Gp 1 carpus posterodistal angle, outer lateral view. d) R Gp 1 carpus posterodistal angle, inner lateral view. e) L Gp 1 palm, outer lateral view. f) R Gp 1 palm, inner lateral view. g) L Gp 2 outer lateral view. h) R Gp 2 inner lateral view. i) L Gp 2 palm, outer lateral view. j) R Gp 2 palm, inner lateral view. For abbreviations, see legend in Fig. 3.

FIGURE 4 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 4. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. male. Mp, a) R Pa and outer plate, ventral view, b) inner plate, dorsal view, c) L Pa and outer plate, dorsal view, d) Pa article 3, ventral view, e) outer and inner plate, ventral view, f) Pa article 3, dorsal view, g) Pa article 2, spines on ventral outer lateral surface, j) Pa article 2, inner distal corner, spines on ventral surface, i) Pa article 2, spines on distal outer lateral surface, j) Pa article 1, spines on ventral outer lateral surface, k) Pa article 2, spines on inner margin, l) Pa article 1, spines on distal outer lateral surface, m) Pa article 1, inner distal corner, spines on ventral surface, n) outer plate, ventral view, o) outer plate, dorsal view, p) outer plate, spines on ventral medial surface, q) outer plate, spines on medial inner lateral margin, r) inner plate, spines on ventral medial surface. For abbreviations, see legend in Fig. 3.

FIGURE 1 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 1. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. Types of setae revealed from SEM. a–f. Simple setae. g–i, Cuspidate setae, j–m Serrate setae, n. Serrulate setae, o. Plumose setae, p–q. Pappose setae, r–s Papposerrate setae, t–u. Setule.

FIGURE 8 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 8. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. female. L Gp 1, a) outer lateral view, b) propodus, outer lateral view. L Gp 2, c) outer lateral view, d) merus, outer lateral view, e) propodus, outer lateral view. R Gp 1, f) inner lateral view, g) propodus, inner lateral view. R Gp 2, h) inner lateral view, i) merus, inner lateral view, j) propodus, inner lateral view. For abbreviations, see legend in Fig. 3.

FIGURE 6 in Cryptic diversity of the semi-terrestrial amphipod Platorchestia japonica (Tattersall, 1922) (Amphipoda: Talitrida: Talitridae) in Japan and Taiwan, with description of a new species

FIGURE 6. Platorchestia paludosus sp. nov. male. Pp 3, a) coxae, b) basis-dactylus, c) dactylus. Pp 4, d) coxae, e) basis-dactylus, f) dactylus. Pp 5, g) coxae, h) basis-dactylus, i) dactylus. Pp 6, j) coxae, k) basis-dactylus, l) dactylus. Pp 7, m) coxae, n) basis-dactylus, o) dactylus. Coxal gills, p) of Gp 2, q) of Pp 3, r) of Pp 4, s) of Pp 5, t) Pp 6. Brood plates, u) of Gp 2, v) of Pp 3, w) of Pp 4, x) of Pp 5. y) Pair of penial papillae. For abbreviations, see legend in Fig. 3.

FIGURES 63–66 in Unravelling cryptic species diversity in eastern Nearctic paper wasps, Polistes (Fuscopolistes), using male genitalia, morphometrics and DNA barcoding, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

FIGURES 63–66. Median expansion of aedeagus, ventrolateral view: 63. Polistes fuscatus (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 64. P. metricus (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 65. P. hirsuticornis sp. nov. (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 66. P. parametricus sp. nov. (MD, Prince George's Co.).

FIGURES 35–38 in Unravelling cryptic species diversity in eastern Nearctic paper wasps, Polistes (Fuscopolistes), using male genitalia, morphometrics and DNA barcoding, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

FIGURES 35–38. Digitus, dorsal view (35), and ventral view (36–38): 35, 36. Polistes dorsalis (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 37. P. hirsuticornis sp. nov. (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 38. P. parametricus sp. nov. (MD, Prince George's Co.). ap: apical process; avl: anteroventral lobe; ba: basal articulation; gr: groove; is: inner surface; os: outer surface.

FIGURES 39–46 in Unravelling cryptic species diversity in eastern Nearctic paper wasps, Polistes (Fuscopolistes), using male genitalia, morphometrics and DNA barcoding, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

FIGURES 39–46. Aedeagus, left lateral view: 39. Polistes bellicosus (MD, Worcester Co.), 40. P. carolina (TX, Bastrop Co.), 41. P. dorsalis (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 42. P. f u s c a t u s (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 43. P. metricus (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 44. P. rubiginosus (MO, Callaway Co.), 45. P. hirsuticornis sp. nov. (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 46. P. parametricus sp. nov. (MD, Prince George's Co.). ap pt: apical portion; apd: apodeme (paired).

FIGURES 47–54 in Unravelling cryptic species diversity in eastern Nearctic paper wasps, Polistes (Fuscopolistes), using male genitalia, morphometrics and DNA barcoding, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

FIGURES 47–54. Apex of aedeagus, left lateral view: 47. Polistes bellicosus (MD, Worcester Co.), 48. P. carolina (TX, Bastrop Co.), 49. P. dorsalis (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 50. P. f u s c a t u s (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 51. P. metricus (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 52. P. rubiginosus (MO, Callaway Co.), 53. P. hirsuticornis sp. nov. (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 54. P. parametricus sp. nov. (MD, Prince George's Co.).

FIGURE 13 in Unravelling cryptic species diversity in eastern Nearctic paper wasps, Polistes (Fuscopolistes), using male genitalia, morphometrics and DNA barcoding, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

FIGURE 13. Frequency distribution of pairwise sequence divergences in eastern Nearctic Fuscopolistes (based on sequences in Figs 9 and 10). Inter- and intraspecific sequence divergences broadly overlap and do not form separate, distinguishable peaks (i.e., there is no 'barcoding gap'). The isolated peak around 7.5% sequence divergence is caused by comparisons of Polistes dorsalis with other species.

FIGURES 14–17 in Unravelling cryptic species diversity in eastern Nearctic paper wasps, Polistes (Fuscopolistes), using male genitalia, morphometrics and DNA barcoding, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

FIGURES 14–17. Paramere and volsella, inner view: 14. Polistes bellicosus (MD, Worcester Co.), 15. P. carolina (TX, Bastrop Co.), 16. P. dorsalis (MD, Anne Arundel Co.), 17. P. fuscatus (MD, Anne Arundel Co.). cbp: basal prominence of cuspis; dors art: dorsal articulation of paramere; lv: lamina volsellaris (base of volsella); vent art: ventral articulation of paramere.