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opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 3 in What is Pseudopotamilla reniformis (Sabellidae)? Comparisons of populations from Britain, Iceland and Canada with comments on Eudistylia and Schizobranchia

FIGURE 3. Developing abdominal fragments of Pseudopotamilla reniformis. A) Dorsal view of Icelandic fragment with anterior radiolar buds and new posterior with pygidium; B) same, but ventral view; C) developing fragments within posterior of tube from Nova Scotia.

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 1 in What is Pseudopotamilla reniformis (Sabellidae)? Comparisons of populations from Britain, Iceland and Canada with comments on Eudistylia and Schizobranchia

FIGURE 1. Pseudopotamilla reniformis (Bruguiére, 1789), Neotype (NMW.Z.2001.042.0001). A) Whole worm; B) radiolar compound eye; C) cross section of radiole; D) dorsal view of anterior thorax and crown base; E) same, ventral view; F) dorsal lip and dorsal radiolar appendage; G–H, J) collar chaetae; K) superior thoracic chaeta; L) inferior thoracic chaeta; M) abdominal chaeta; N) thoracic uncinus (right) and companion chaeta (left); P) different view of companion chaeta; Q) abdominal uncinus; R) tube showing distal enrolling and the branch of an offspring. Not scaled: B–C, Q & R.

opennotspecifiedDec 2004View details →

Figs. 1-4 in Agroeca dentigera Kulczynski, 1913, a liocranid spider new to Britain (Araneae, Liocranidae)

Figs. 1-4: Agroeca dentigera Kulczynski. 1 Right male palp, retrolateral view; 2 Ditto, hairs omitted, ventral view; 3 Epigyne, ventral view, 2002 specimen; 4 Epigyne, ventral view, hairs omitted, 1989 specimen. Scale lines = 0.2 mm.

ECMWF/ENS - 2022 to 2023 - Great Britain

Dataset of ensemble Numerical Weather Predictions used as input for the probabilistic wind power forecasting tool developed for the paper: Seamless short- to mid-term probabilistic wind power forecasting.

ECMWF/ENS - 2021 - Great Britain

ECMWF/HRES - 2022 to 2023 - Great Britain

<div>Dataset of single-value Numerical Weather Predictions used as input for the probabilistic wind power forecasting tool developed for the paper: Seamless short- to mid-term probabilistic wind power forecasting.</div>

ECMWF/ENS - 2019 to 2020 - Great Britain

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. M. e. erminea Linnaeus, 1758 — Finland, Norway, NW Russia, and Sweden. M. e. aestiva Kerr, 1792 — most of mainland N & C Europe to C Asia in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. M. e. alascensis Merriam, 1896 — S Alaska. M. e. anguinae Hall, 1932 — SW Canada (Vancouver I, British Columbia). M. e. arctica Merriam, 1896 — Alaska and NW Canada. M. e. bangsi Hall, 1945 — C Canada and NC USA. M. e. celenda Hall, 1944 — Alaska (Prince of Wales I). M.e. cicognanii Bonaparte, 1838 — SE Canada and NE USA. M. e. fallenda Hall, 1945 — W Canada (British Columbia) and NW USA (N Washington). M. e. ferghanae Thomas, 1895 — Afghanistan, N India, and Pakistan. M.e. gulosa Hall, 1945 — NW USA (E Washington). M.e. haidarum Preble, 1898 — W Canada (Queen Charlotte Is, British Columbia). M.e. hibernica Thomas & Barrett-Hamilton, 1895 — Ireland. M.e. imatis Hall, 1944 — Alaska (Baranof I). M.e. invicta Hall, 1945 — SW Canada (Alberta) and NW USA (Idaho & Montana). M.e. kadiacensis Merriam, 1896 — Alaska (Kodiak I). M.e. kaneti Baird, 1857 — NE China, Russia (E Siberia). M.e. karaginensis Jurgenson, 1936 — NE Russia (Karaginsky I). M.e. lymani Hollister, 1912 — E Russia (Altai Mts, Siberia). M.e. minima Cavazza, 1912 — Switzerland. M.e. mongolica Ognev, 1928 — NW China and Mongolian Altai. M. e. muricus Bangs, 1899 — USA (N California, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah & Wyoming). M. e. nippon Cabrera, 1913 — Japan. M.e. olympica Hall, 1945 — NW USA (Olympic Peninsula, Washington). M.e. polaris Barrett-Hamilton, 1904 — Greenland. M.e.richardsonii Bonaparte, 1838 — N Canada. M.e. ricinae G. S. Miller, 1907 — Scotland (Islay I). M.e.salva Hall, 1944 — SE Alaska (Admiralty I). M.e.seclusa Hall, 1944 — SE Alaska (Suemez I). M.e.sempler Sutton & Hamilton, 1932 — Canada (Franklin & Keewatin Districts). M.e.stabilis Barrett-Hamilton, 1904 — Great Britain. M.e.streatori Merriam, 1896 — W USA (NE California, Oregon & coastal Washington). M.e.teberdina Kornejv, 1941 — Russian Caucasus. M.e. tobolica Ognev, 1923 — W Siberia. Introduced to New Zealand. in Mustelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M. e. erminea Linnaeus, 1758 — Finland, Norway, NW Russia, and Sweden. M. e. aestiva Kerr, 1792 — most of mainland N & C Europe to C Asia in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. M. e. alascensis Merriam, 1896 — S Alaska. M. e. anguinae Hall, 1932 — SW Canada (Vancouver I, British Columbia). M. e. arctica Merriam, 1896 — Alaska and NW Canada. M. e. bangsi Hall, 1945 — C Canada and NC USA. M. e. celenda Hall, 1944 — Alaska (Prince of Wales I). M.e. cicognanii Bonaparte, 1838 — SE Canada and NE USA. M. e. fallenda Hall, 1945 — W Canada (British Columbia) and NW USA (N Washington). M. e. ferghanae Thomas, 1895 — Afghanistan, N India, and Pakistan. M.e. gulosa Hall, 1945 — NW USA (E Washington). M.e. haidarum Preble, 1898 — W Canada (Queen Charlotte Is, British Columbia). M.e. hibernica Thomas & Barrett-Hamilton, 1895 — Ireland. M.e. imatis Hall, 1944 — Alaska (Baranof I). M.e. invicta Hall, 1945 — SW Canada (Alberta) and NW USA (Idaho & Montana). M.e. kadiacensis Merriam, 1896 — Alaska (Kodiak I). M.e. kaneti Baird, 1857 — NE China, Russia (E Siberia). M.e. karaginensis Jurgenson, 1936 — NE Russia (Karaginsky I). M.e. lymani Hollister, 1912 — E Russia (Altai Mts, Siberia). M.e. minima Cavazza, 1912 — Switzerland. M.e. mongolica Ognev, 1928 — NW China and Mongolian Altai. M. e. muricus Bangs, 1899 — USA (N California, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah & Wyoming). M. e. nippon Cabrera, 1913 — Japan. M.e. olympica Hall, 1945 — NW USA (Olympic Peninsula, Washington). M.e. polaris Barrett-Hamilton, 1904 — Greenland. M.e.richardsonii Bonaparte, 1838 — N Canada. M.e. ricinae G. S. Miller, 1907 — Scotland (Islay I). M.e.salva Hall, 1944 — SE Alaska (Admiralty I). M.e.seclusa Hall, 1944 — SE Alaska (Suemez I). M.e.sempler Sutton & Hamilton, 1932 — Canada (Franklin & Keewatin Districts). M.e.stabilis Barrett-Hamilton, 1904 — Great Britain. M.e.streatori Merriam, 1896 — W USA (NE California, Oregon & coastal Washington). M.e.teberdina Kornejv, 1941 — Russian Caucasus. M.e. tobolica Ognev, 1923 — W Siberia. Introduced to New Zealand.

opennotspecifiedAug 2011View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest. in Suidae

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest.

Distribution. New Guinea, Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck Archipelago (New Britain and New Ireland Is), Louisiade Archipelago (Trobriand, Woodlark, and Misima Is), Solomon Is (Choiseul, New Georgia, Mbanika, and San Cristobal), Vanuatu Is, and New Caledonia (including Loyalty Is). in Miniopteridae

Distribution. New Guinea, Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck Archipelago (New Britain and New Ireland Is), Louisiade Archipelago (Trobriand, Woodlark, and Misima Is), Solomon Is (Choiseul, New Georgia, Mbanika, and San Cristobal), Vanuatu Is, and New Caledonia (including Loyalty Is).

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: The fifth review of Birds of Conservation Concern in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man and second IUCN Red List assessment of extinction risk of birds for Great Britain

The fifth review of Birds of Conservation Concern (BoCC5) in the UK, Channel Islands and Isle of Man assessed and assigned 245 species to updated Red, Amber and Green lists of conservation concern and showed a continuing decline in the status of our bird populations. In total, 70 species (29% of those assessed) are now on the Red list, up from 36 species in the first review in 1996. Since the last review, in 2015, Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus has been lost as a breeding species. Eleven species have been moved to the Red list, while only six species moved from Red to Amber. Newly Red-listed species include Common Swift Apus apus, Common House Martin Delichon urbicum, Greenfinch Chloris chloris and the globally threatened Leach's Storm-petrel Hydrobates leucorhous. There has been no improvement in the overall status of species associated with farmland and upland, or Afro-Palearctic migrants; indeed, more such species have been Red-listed. Concerns over the status of our wintering wildfowl and wader populations have also increased. As a direct result of targeted conservation action, White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla moves from Red to Amber. We also present a review of the separate, and distinct, second IUCN Regional Red List assessment of extinction risk for Great Britain, which show that 46% of 235 regularly occurring species, and 43% of 285 separate breeding and non-breeding populations, are assessed as being threatened with extinction from Great Britain.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Extended data for "Potential for positive biodiversity outcomes under diet-driven land use change in Great Britain"

Extended data tables for Ferguson-Gow et al 2022 "Potential for positive biodiversity outcomes under diet-driven land use change in Great Britain". Extended data table 1. The 814 species that comprised the final dataset. Extended data table 2. The 24 land cover classes in the land cover dataset.

Distribution. Europe, from S Sweden, S of Britain, and Iberian Peninsula to Ukraine, Greece, and Thrace (including Corsica and Sicily Is in the Mediterranean), isolated areas in SW Asia including Turkey (Anatolia) and the Caucasus region. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Europe, from S Sweden, S of Britain, and Iberian Peninsula to Ukraine, Greece, and Thrace (including Corsica and Sicily Is in the Mediterranean), isolated areas in SW Asia including Turkey (Anatolia) and the Caucasus region.

Distribution. Manus, New Britain, Duke of York, and Umboi Is; a specimen from Wetar I was identified as this species, but specific status of this specimen needs to be confirmed. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Manus, New Britain, Duke of York, and Umboi Is; a specimen from Wetar I was identified as this species, but specific status of this specimen needs to be confirmed.

Distribution. S Britain, W in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. S Britain, W France, and Iberian Peninsula E through C Europe and extreme S Sweden to W Ukraine and Balkans; also major W Mediterranean Is (Balearic, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, and Malta) and Madeira I.

Distribution. Philippines (S Luzon, Catanduanes, Panay, Samar, Leyte, Negros, and Mindanao Is), Peninsular Malaysia, CW Sumatra, N & NW Borneo, Sulawesi, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago (New Ireland and New Britain Is). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka I does not appear to be authentic. Previous records from India (Sikkim) and C & E Nepal are misidentifications, now attributable to Joftre's Pipistrelle (Hypsugo joffrer). in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Philippines (S Luzon, Catanduanes, Panay, Samar, Leyte, Negros, and Mindanao Is), Peninsular Malaysia, CW Sumatra, N & NW Borneo, Sulawesi, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago (New Ireland and New Britain Is). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka I does not appear to be authentic. Previous records from India (Sikkim) and C & E Nepal are misidentifications, now attributable to Joftre's Pipistrelle (Hypsugo joffrer).

Distribution. Mostly in E New Guinea with one record in West Papua Province and one record each from Salawati and New Ireland Is; possibly on New Britain and SudestIs; there was a recent acoustic record from Manus I that probably is a member of this species complex, but this needs confirmation with a specimen, and the species is most likely widespread in W New Guinea. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Mostly in E New Guinea with one record in West Papua Province and one record each from Salawati and New Ireland Is; possibly on New Britain and SudestIs; there was a recent acoustic record from Manus I that probably is a member of this species complex, but this needs confirmation with a specimen, and the species is most likely widespread in W New Guinea.

Subspecies and Distribution. P.a. angulatus Peters, 1880 - E New Guinea and Biak-Supiori, Mioko, Manus, Karkar, Emirau, New Ireland, Duke of York, New Britain, Goodenough, Fergusson, Normanby, Misima, and Sudest Is. P. a. ponceleti Troughton, 1936 — Solomon Is, including Bougainville, Fauro, New Georgia, Guadalcanal, Santa Isabel and Nendo Is. in Vespertilionidae

Subspecies and Distribution. P.a. angulatus Peters, 1880 - E New Guinea and Biak-Supiori, Mioko, Manus, Karkar, Emirau, New Ireland, Duke of York, New Britain, Goodenough, Fergusson, Normanby, Misima, and Sudest Is. P. a. ponceleti Troughton, 1936 — Solomon Is, including Bougainville, Fauro, New Georgia, Guadalcanal, Santa Isabel and Nendo Is.

Subspecies and Distribution. N. n. noctula Schreber, 1774 — throughout Europe from Great Britain, France, and Spain E to W Russia, W Kazakhstan, and SW Turkmenistan, including S Scandinavia, Gotland and Oland Is, and Cyprus (Cyprus records somewhat tentatively regarded as this subspecies). Absent throughout much of Iberia and is locally extinct in Portugal. N. n. lebanoticus D. L.. Harrison, 1962 — WC & SW Syria, Lebanon, and NE Israel. N. n. mecklenburzevi Kuzyakin, 1934 — SC & E Kazakhstan, SC Russia, W Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and NW China (Xinjiang). The species may be present in N Africa, with two records claimed from Algeria in 1858, but these may represent N. lasiopterus; further sampling is needed. in Vespertilionidae

Subspecies and Distribution. N. n. noctula Schreber, 1774 — throughout Europe from Great Britain, France, and Spain E to W Russia, W Kazakhstan, and SW Turkmenistan, including S Scandinavia, Gotland and Oland Is, and Cyprus (Cyprus records somewhat tentatively regarded as this subspecies). Absent throughout much of Iberia and is locally extinct in Portugal. N. n. lebanoticus D. L.. Harrison, 1962 — WC & SW Syria, Lebanon, and NE Israel. N. n. mecklenburzevi Kuzyakin, 1934 — SC & E Kazakhstan, SC Russia, W Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and NW China (Xinjiang). The species may be present in N Africa, with two records claimed from Algeria in 1858, but these may represent N. lasiopterus; further sampling is needed.

On following pages: 74. Greater Long-tongued Blossom Bat (Macroglossus sobrinus); 75. Southern Blossom Bat (Syconycteris australis); 76. Halmaheran Blossom Bat (Syconycteris carolinae); 77. Moss-forest Blossom Bat (Syconycteris hobbit); 78. Manado Fruit Bat (Boneia bidens); 79. Sulawesi Harpy Fruit Bat (Harpyionycteris celebensis); 80. Philippine Harpy Fruit Bat (Harpyionycteris whitehead); 81. Bulmer's Fruit Bat (Aproteles bulmerae); 82. Lesser Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia minor); 83. Moluccan Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia moluccensis); 84. Western Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia peronii); 85. Andersen's Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia anderseni): 86. Panniet Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia pannietensis); 87. Philippine Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia chapman); 88. Biak Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia emersa); 89. Sulawesi Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia exoleta): 90. Greenish Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia viridis); 91. Beaufort's Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia beaufort); 92. Halmahera Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia crenulata); 93. Solomons Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia inermis); 94. New Britain Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia praedatrix). in Pteropodidae

On following pages: 74. Greater Long-tongued Blossom Bat (Macroglossus sobrinus); 75. Southern Blossom Bat (Syconycteris australis); 76. Halmaheran Blossom Bat (Syconycteris carolinae); 77. Moss-forest Blossom Bat (Syconycteris hobbit); 78. Manado Fruit Bat (Boneia bidens); 79. Sulawesi Harpy Fruit Bat (Harpyionycteris celebensis); 80. Philippine Harpy Fruit Bat (Harpyionycteris whitehead); 81. Bulmer's Fruit Bat (Aproteles bulmerae); 82. Lesser Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia minor); 83. Moluccan Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia moluccensis); 84. Western Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia peronii); 85. Andersen's Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia anderseni): 86. Panniet Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia pannietensis); 87. Philippine Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia chapman); 88. Biak Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia emersa); 89. Sulawesi Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia exoleta): 90. Greenish Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia viridis); 91. Beaufort's Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia beaufort); 92. Halmahera Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia crenulata); 93. Solomons Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia inermis); 94. New Britain Naked-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia praedatrix).