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478 results for “High temperature”
Nitrogen fertilization and high plant growing temperature increase herbivore performance
<p>Global environmental change exerts growing pressure on biodiversity. Anthropogenic climate and land use change are particularly important drivers of biodiversity loss. While their effects on biodiversity have been widely studied individually, interactions among them are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of two common drivers of global change, increased temperature and nitrogen fertilization, on host-plant quality and herbivore performance in the butterfly <i>Lycaena tityrus</i>. We show that butterfly performance was positively affected by plants grown at increased temperatures and nitrogen fertilization, the latter being in line with the nitrogen limitation hypothesis. Effects were largely consistent across treatments, i.e. nitrogen deposition and temperature did not interact strongly to affect herbivore performance. Overall, females suffered more strongly than males from poor host-plant quality. Our study demonstrates changes in host-plant quality caused by variation in temperature and nitrogen availability, which induced indirect effects in an herbivore. Such indirect effects of global environmental change are an important source of variation and should be considered in order to reduce uncertainties with regard to the effects of global change on biodiversity.</p>
Chemical reaction between ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O and water under high pressure-temperature conditions of the deep lower mantle
<p>The XRD datasets and the multigrain dataset for the article "Chemical reaction between ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O and water under high pressure-temperature conditions of the deep lower mantle" by Yang et al.</p>
Mimulus cardinalis plasticity analyses and R scripts for: Spatial variation in high temperature-regulated gene expression predicts evolution of plasticity with climate change in the scarlet monkeyflower
<p>A major way that organisms can adapt to changing environmental conditions is by evolving increased or decreased phenotypic plasticity. In the face of current global warming, more attention is being paid to the role of plasticity in maintaining fitness as abiotic conditions change over time. However, given that temporal data can be challenging to acquire, a major question is whether evolution in plasticity across space can predict adaptive plasticity across time. In growth chambers simulating two thermal regimes, we generated transcriptome data for western North American scarlet monkeyflowers (<i>Mimulus cardinalis</i>) collected from different latitudes and years (2010 and 2017) to test hypotheses about how plasticity in gene expression is responding to increases in temperature, and if this pattern is consistent across time and space. Supporting the genetic compensation hypothesis, individuals whose progenitors were collected from the warmer-origin northern 2017 descendant cohort showed lower thermal plasticity in gene expression than their cooler-origin northern 2010 ancestors. This was largely due to a change in response at the warmer (40ºC) rather than cooler (20ºC) treatment. A similar pattern of reduced plasticity, largely due to a change in response at 40ºC, was also found for the cooler-origin northern versus the warmer-origin southern population from 2017. Our results demonstrate that reduced phenotypic plasticity can evolve with warming and that spatial and temporal changes in plasticity predict one another.</p>
Data from: Breeding heat tolerant orchardgrass germplasm for summer persistence in high temperature stress environments of the southeastern United States
<p>This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript, Breeding heat tolerant orchardgrass germplasm for summer persistence in high temperature stress environments of the southeastern United States, in Crop Science, Volume 61, p. 1915 - 1925. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) could serve as a cool-season perennial in southeastern production systems, but often does not behave as a true perennial under high temperature stress conditions of the region. This work sought to develop heat-tolerant orchardgrass germplasm through recurrent phenotypic selection (RPS) that would both reduce secondary seed dormancy caused by high soil temperatures and improve stand persistence over summer months. Selection was conducted in a growth chamber 40/30 °C (12/12 h, light/darkness), with germinated seedlings subjected to an additional 2–3 weeks of 40/30 °C conditions. The base germplasm (Cycle 0) and selected individuals (Cycles 1–3) were transplanted into the field, then harvested for seed. Forty-degree germination tests compared mean cumulative germination, velocity of germination within 8 days (VOG8), and realized heritability. Stand persistencewas assessed 1 year after transplanting.</p>
A high pressure, high temperature gas medium apparatus to measure acoustic velocities during deformation of rock: supporting information
<p>Processed mechanical data and raw transmitted waveforms.</p>
High temperatures and human pressures interact to influence mortality in an African carnivore
<p>1. The impacts of high ambient temperatures on mortality in humans and domestic animals are well understood. However much less is known about how hot weather affects mortality in wild animals. High ambient temperatures have been associated with African wild dog Lycaon pictus pup mortality, suggesting that high temperatures might also be linked to high adult mortality.</p> <p>2. We analysed mortality patterns in African wild dogs radio-collared in Kenya (0°N), Botswana (20°S) and Zimbabwe (20°S), to examine whether ambient temperature was associated with adult mortality.</p> <p>3. We found that high ambient temperatures were associated with increased adult wild dog mortality at the Kenya site, and there was some evidence for temperature associations with mortality at the Botswana and Zimbabwe sites.</p> <p>4. At the Kenya study site, which had the highest human impact, high ambient temperatures were associated with increased risks of wild dogs being killed by people, and by domestic dog diseases. In contrast, temperature was not associated with the risk of snare-related mortality at the Zimbabwe site, which had the second-highest human impact. Causes of death varied markedly between sites.</p> <p>5. Pack size was positively associated with survival at all three sites.</p> <p>6. These findings suggest that while climate change may not lead to new causes of mortality, rising temperatures may exacerbate existing anthropogenic threats to this endangered species, with implications for conservation. This evidence suggests that temperature-related mortality, including interactions between temperature and other anthropogenic threats, should be investigated in a greater number of species to understand and mitigate likely impacts of climate change.</p>
Respirometry protocols for avian thermoregulation at high air temperatures: stepped and steady-state profiles yield similar results
<p>Relationships between air temperature (Tair) and avian body temperature (Tb), resting metabolic rate (RMR) and evaporative water loss (EWL) during acute heat exposure can be quantified through respirometry using several approaches. One involves birds exposed to a stepped series of progressively increasing Tair setpoints for short periods (< 20-30 min), whereas a second seeks to achieve steady-state conditions by exposing birds to a single Tair for longer periods (> 1-2 h). To compare these two approaches, we measured Tb, RMR and EWL over Tair = 28 C to 44 C in the dark-capped bulbul (Pycnonotus tricolor). The two protocols yielded indistinguishable values of Tb, RMR and EWL and related variables at most Tair values, revealing that both are appropriate for quantifying avian thermal physiology during heat exposure over the range of Tair in the present study. The stepped protocol, however, has several ethical and practical advantages. </p>
Single-crystal elasticity of phase E at high pressure and temperature: Implications for the low-velocity layer atop the 410-km depth
<p>This is the dataset for the paper "Single-crystal elasticity of phase E at high pressure and temperature: Implications for the low-velocity layer atop the 410-km depth".</p>
Data and scripts for the article entitled "High temperature sensitivity of Arctic isoprene emissions explained by sedges"
<p>The package includes the data and scripts for generating the figures for the paper entitled "High temperature sensitivity of Arctic isoprene emissions explained by sedges".</p>
Impact of persistently high sea surface temperatures on the rhizobiomes of Zostera marina in a Baltic Sea benthocosms
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data on chemical kinetics of high-temperature high-pressure combustion
<p><span>Key thermal reaction speed constant data for main temperature range</span></p>
Diversity, adaptation and metabolic potential of the microbiome in biofilms from a high-temperature hot spring
<p>Hot spring microbiomes have garnered significant research attention from exploring the diversity of prokaryotic communities to genes and functional potentials. While cyanobacteria-rich biofilms, characterized by warm temperatures, have been extensively studied, there is limited investigation into high-temperature streamer biofilm communities (SBC) devoid of photosynthetic ability. Here, we studied the biofilm of a Dusun Tua (DT) hot spring with a temperature of 75°C and a pH of 7.6. This grey-tan colored biofilm appeared at sites where water had slowed down following the deposition of plants and inorganic debris along the hot spring after a flood event. Amplicon sequencing of V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA showed that dominant phyla included the Aquificota, Chloroflexota, and Desulfobacterota together with other abundant amplicon sequence variants from the Bacteroidota, Deinococcota, Hydrothermae and Armatimonadota. These microbial populations appeared to be distinct from other reported SBCs from Yellowstone National Park in the USA and Rehai Hot Springs in China. Additional shotgun sequencing of the DT biofilm revealed functional insights which were compared to counterparts obtained from low-temperature biofilms to identify possible thermophilic traits. GC content of tRNA and amino acid preferences were found to be clear indicators of thermophilicity. However, other signatures such as reverse gyrase, heat shock proteins, and average GC content of the genome may not be reliable indicators. The genome-centric analyses revealed that DT biofilm members were primarily chemo-organoheterotrophic, chemolithoautotrophic, and chemolithoheterotrophic. We speculate that the biofilm could utilize plant litter as carbon sources, but the efficiency of this process is estimated to be low due to rapid water flux that would rapidly remove dissolved organic carbon. The results of this study enhance current understanding of microbial diversity, thermal adaptation and metabolic processes related to carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and other metabolisms for hot springs in tropical climates with high allochthonous plant litter inputs.</p>
High resolution dataset of plastic deformation at cryogenic temperatures in a nickel-based superalloy
<p>A nickel-based superalloy is examined during monotonic deformation at cryogenic temperatures, reaching as low as liquid helium temperature. A detailed multimodal analysis of the microstructure and plasticity is conducted to discern changes in deformation mechanisms and plastic deformation localization under cryogenic conditions. This study employs high-resolution digital image correlation to identify the deformation mechanisms and understand their influence on plastic deformation localization as the temperature varies. At cryogenic temperatures, unusual plastic deformation localization processes are observed, attributed to the competing activation of a range of deformation processes. Furthermore, a mechanism of slip delocalization, i.e., local plastic deformation homogenization through closely spaced slip, is noted at these extreme temperatures. Ultimately, the impact of the microstructure is identified across the temperature range, from room to cryogenic temperatures.</p>
High temperature properties incuding creep, creep crack growth rate and thermal fatigue linked with chemical composition of alloys derived from 1.4848 refractory stainless steels
<p>The following set of data results from cast alloys modifying chemical composition taking as reference 1.4848 alloy and getting sound samples that have been tested to calculate creep, creep crack growth rate and thermal fatigue data. </p>
Crystallographic Preferred Orientation of Phase D at High Pressure and Temperature: Implications for Seismic Anisotropy in the Mid-mantle
<p> The dataset includes the data of Crystallographic Preferred Orientation of phase D aggregates in this study. It include electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping data in .cpr and .crc file and transmission two-dimensional X-ray diffraction (2D-XRD) patterns acquired at BL04B1 beamline of synchrotron facility of SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan. </p>
Figure 2 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review
Figure 2. Schematic representation of tolerance mechanism of plants during heat stress.
Persistent Photoluminescence and Mechanoluminescence of a Highly Sensitive Pressure and Temperature Gauge in Combination with a 3D-printable Optical Coding Platform
<p><span>Distinct types of luminescence that are activated by various stimuli in a single material offer exciting developmental opportunities for functional materials. In this study, we introduce a versatile sensing platform that exhibits three types of luminescence: photoluminescence (PL), persistent luminescence (PersL), and mechanoluminescence (ML), which enables the sensitive detection of temperature, pressure, and force/stress. The developed Sr<sub>2</sub>MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>/Dy<sup>3+</sup> material exhibits a linear relationship between ML intensity and force, and can be used as an ML stress sensor within the 3–30 N range. Additionally, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) value of the PL emission band and the PL lifetime of this material are remarkably sensitive to changes in temperature, with values of approximately 0.05 nm/K and 1.29 %/K, respectively. This study demonstrated the use of PersL for sensing pressure for the first time, along with its long-lasting (seconds) lifetime as a manometric parameter. The developed material functions as an exceptionally sensitive triple-mode visual pressure sensor; specifically it exhibits: i) a sensitivity of approximately −297.4 cm<sup>−1</sup>/GPa (8.11 nm/GPa) in bandshift mode, ii) a sensitivity of ~272.7 cm<sup>−1</sup>/GPa (14.8 nm/GPa) in bandwidth mode, and iii) a sensitivity of 42 %GPa<sup>−1</sup> in PL-lifetime mode, which is the highest value reported to date. Notably, anti-counterfeiting, night-vision safety-sign, 8-bit optical-coding, and QR-code applications that exhibit intense PersL were demonstrated by 3D-printing the studied material in combination with a polymer.</span></p>
Dataset supplementing H. Kohler, B. Ojha, N. Illyaskutty, I. Hartmann, C. Thiel, K. Eisinger, M. Dambacher: In situ high-temperature gas sensors: continuous monitoring of the combustion quality of different wood combustion systems and optimization of combustion process, Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems (JSSS), 2018
<p>Dataset supplementing H. Kohler, B. Ojha, N. Illyaskutty, I. Hartmann, C. Thiel, K. Eisinger, M. Dambacher: In situ high-temperature gas sensors: continuous monitoring of the combustion quality of different wood combustion systems and optimization of combustion process, Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems (JSSS), 2018</p>
High Temperature Compression Studies of Ti64 and Ti407 Alloys using Dilatometer
Ti64 and Ti407 alloys were compressed at temperatures 700C, 850C and 950C and strain rates 10-2, 10-1 and 1 s-1 to 50% height reduction using TA Instruments DIL805 Compression Dilatometer. The cylindrical samples measured 5 mm diameter and 10 mm length. The Ti64 alloy was machined from the top of an as-received forged Airbus testpiece with a bimodal microstructure. The Ti407 alloy was machined from the edge of a forged TIMET testpiece with a lamellar microstructure. Al2O3 platens were used throughout all tests to minimise temperature differences between the end and centre of the samples, except at 700C in Ti64 which used Si3N4 platens due to the higher material yield strength. Temperature was controlled using an S-Type thermocouple welded to the centre of the samples, along with another two thermocouples welded to the end and between the end and centre of samples to monitor temperature differences. Mo disks were attached to the ends of the samples to further reduce temperature differences at the ends of the samples, along with graphite lubricant to reduce friction. The alloys were deformed in an inert He gas atmosphere.
Li1.8Na0.2TiO3:Mn4+: the highly sensitive probe for the low-temperature lifetime-based luminescence thermometry
<p>Dataset accompanying figures published in the publication <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3552659">https://zenodo.org/record/3552659</a>.</p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.