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Fig. 3. Helcionelloid mollusc Eotebenna viviannae Peel, 1991a in Muscle attachment scars in helcionelloids from Denmark cast light on mollusc evolution in the Cambrian
Fig. 3. Helcionelloid mollusc Eotebenna viviannae Peel, 1991a, internal moulds, Andrarum Limestone, Bornholm, Denmark, Guzhangian, Miaolingian, middle Cambrian. A. MGUH 19565, paratype, lateral view (A1) with detail of apex (A2). B. MGUH 34273, lateral (B1) and apico-lateral views showing impression of comarginal ornamentation and cylindrical form of median sub-apical area (B2). C. Specimen lost, lateral view (C1) with detail of apex (C2), arrow locates detail of shell structure (C3). D. MGUH 34274, lateral view with detail of radial fibrous structure and overlying imbricated lamellae (D2), and patch of ornamented outer shell (D1, arrow). E. MGUH 34275, lateral view with detail of apex (E2) with muscle scars; arrows locate possible muscle scar. F. MGUH 34276, lateral view (F1) with detail of possible muscle scar (F2) located by arrows.
Fig. 2. Helcionelloid mollusc Eotebenna viviannae Peel, 1991a, MGUH 19564 in Muscle attachment scars in helcionelloids from Denmark cast light on mollusc evolution in the Cambrian
Fig. 2. Helcionelloid mollusc Eotebenna viviannae Peel, 1991a, MGUH 19564, holotype, internal mould, Andrarum Limestone, Bornholm, Denmark, Guzhangian, Miaolingian, middle Cambrian. A1. Oblique lateral view showing margin of shell (arrow) along the narrow slit joining the sub-apical and supra-apical apertures. A2. Oblique apico-lateral view. A3. Lateral view. A4. Oblique view showing inverted teardrop-shaped sub-apical aperture and irregular area (arrow) of possible muscle scar. A5. Lateral view of apex. A6. Oblique lateral view of apex showing radial fibrous structure beneath smooth outer layer.
Fig. 1. Geological and geographical background. A in Muscle attachment scars in helcionelloids from Denmark cast light on mollusc evolution in the Cambrian
Fig. 1. Geological and geographical background. A. Cambrian stratigraphy of southern Bornholm, Denmark (based on Nielsen and Schovsbo 2007). B. Map of the Baltic area showing location of Bornholm, with location of studied locality (asterisk) on the rivulet Øleå (C), and the Lake Vänern area in southern Sweden (D), with collection locality on the western slopes of the hill Kinnekulle (asterisk).
Fig. 4 in Muscle attachment scars in helcionelloids from Denmark cast light on mollusc evolution in the Cambrian
Fig. 4. Helcionelloid mollusc Eotebenna danica sp. nov., internal moulds, Andrarum Limestone, Bornholm, Denmark, Guzhangian, Miaolingian, middle Cambrian. A. MGUH 34277, lateral view (A1) with rectangles indicating location of Fig. 5B1, B2, and B3. Muscle scars at apex illustrated in different orientations (A2–A6), with arrow in A2 indicating slight diagenetic compression or deformation along edge of muscle field. Arrow in A3 indicating imbricated lamellar structure shown in detail in A4. B. MGUH 34278, apex in lateral view. C. MGUH 34279, lateral view. D. MGUH 34280, holotype, lateral (D1) and apico-lateral (D2) views, the latter showing the laterally compressed shell form, with detail of apical muscle scars (D3). E. MGUH 34281, lateral view. F. MGUH 34282, apex in lateral view. pontifex Runnegar and Jell, 1976, from the Currant Bush southern Freuchen Land, North Greenland is more strongly Limestone (Miaolingian) of Queensland, Australia, is also coiled than Eotebenna danica, with a convex supra-apical much more elongate than Eotebenna danica but the massive surface, in lateral view, and the apex strongly overhanging snorkel is circular in cross-section compared to the inverted the sub-apical surface (Peel 1989, 1991b). teardrop-shape in the two Bornholm species. Eotebenna arctica Peel, 1989, from the Henson Gletscher Stratigraphic and geographic range.—Drumian of Sweden Formation (uppermost Series 2, Stage 4, lower Cambrian) of and Guzhangian of Denmark (both middle Cambrian).
Fig. 5 in Muscle attachment scars in helcionelloids from Denmark cast light on mollusc evolution in the Cambrian
Fig. 5. Helcionelloid mollusc Eotebenna danica sp. nov. from Miaolingian, middle Cambrian A. MGUH 34283, internal mould with traces of comarginal ornamentation and rugae (arrow), western slopes of Kinnekulle, southern Sweden, Drumian. B. MGUH 34277, details of shell structure, Andrarum Limestone, Bornholm, Denmark, Guzhangian (general view of the specimen in Fig. 4A). Surface of internal mould (B1) digitally inverted and mirrored here (B2) to depict shell structure on the interior surface of the shell. Detail of imbricate lamellae on internal mould (B3).
Fig. 27. Bivalve mollusc Fordilla sibirica Krasilova, 1977 in Early-middle Cambrian stratigraphy and faunas from northern Siberia
Fig. 27. Bivalve mollusc Fordilla sibirica Krasilova, 1977 from the lower Cambrian Tyuser (A, B) and Erkeket (C, D) formations and Pojetaia dentifera Kouchinsky, Bengtson, Clausen, Gubanov, Malinky, and Peel, 2011, from Sekten Formation (E–G), lower reaches of the Lena River (A, B, E–G) and Khorbusuonka River (C, D), Siberia, Russia; samples 21/54 (A, B), 20/1B (C), 19/40 (D), and 22/50 (E–G). A–G. Internal moulds, SMNH Mo194721– 194727, respectively. A1, Scanning electron microscope image showing muscle scars on the surface of internal mould, left valve. A2, A3, light-microscope micrographs showing muscle scars (arrowed), left and right sides of internal mould corresponding, respectively, to inner surfaces of left and right valves; G1, dorsal; C2, oblique dorsal; and C1, G2, lateral views. Scale bar: 500 µm (A1, B–G) and 830 µm (A2, A3).
Fig. 26. Bivalve mollusc Fordilla sibirica Krasilova, 1977 in Early-middle Cambrian stratigraphy and faunas from northern Siberia
Fig. 26. Bivalve mollusc Fordilla sibirica Krasilova, 1977, from the lower Cambrian Erkeket Formation, Khorbusuonka River, Siberia, Russia; sample 19/12.75. A–C. Internal moulds, SMNH Mo194719, 167596, and 194720, respectively. A1, B1, C, lateral view; A2, dorsal view, A3–A5, B2–B4, close-ups showing surface textures. Scale bar: 830 µm (C), 500 µm (A1, A2, B1), 100 µm (A3–A5, B2–B4).
Fig. 25. Mollusc Watsonella crosbyi Grabau, 1900 in Early-middle Cambrian stratigraphy and faunas from northern Siberia
Fig. 25. Mollusc Watsonella crosbyi Grabau, 1900, from the lower Cambrian Erkeket Formation, Khorbusuonka River, Siberia, Russia; sample 15/23. Internal (A) and external (B) moulds, SMNH Mo194717 and 194718, respectively, of probably the same specimen. A1, lateral view; A2, dorsal view; B1, B3, close-ups showing replicated sculpture on the shell surface. Scale bar: 1 mm (A, B2), 250 µm (B3), and 80 µm (B1).
Fig. 5 in Biostratigraphy (Calcareous Nannofossils And Molluscs) Of The Pannonian Deposits From Transylvania, Romania (Guşteriţa Quarry - Sibiu)
Fig. 5 The molluscs species of the Guşteriţa quarry. Scale bar 1cm. a Congeria banatica R. Hoernes, 1875; b Congeria banatica - monospecific assemblage; c Lymnocardium cf. promultistriatum Jekelius, 1944; d-e Paradacna lenzi (R. Hoernes, 1874); f Paradacna syrmiense (R. Hoernes, 1874); g-h Gyraulus tenuistriatus (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1899); i Gyraulus ponticus (Lörenthey, 1893); j-k Undulotheca halavatsi Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1901.
Fig. 3 in Biostratigraphy (Calcareous Nannofossils And Molluscs) Of The Pannonian Deposits From Transylvania, Romania (Guşteriţa Quarry - Sibiu)
Fig. 3 Calcareous nannofossils from Guşteriţa quarry: a - f Isolithus semenenko Lyulieva, 1989; g - i Isolithus pavelici Ćorić & Vrsaljko; j, k Pontosphaera multipora (Kamptner, 1948 ex Deflandre in Deflandre & Fert, 1954) Roth, 1970; l Helicosphaera carteri (Wallich 1877) Kamptner, 1954; m Helicosphaera wallichii (Lohmann 1902) Okada & McIntyre, 1977; n, o Helicosphaera walbersdorfensis Müller, 1974; p Noelaerhabdus sp.; q Ascidian spicule; r, s Cyclicargolithus floridanus (Roth & Hay, in Hay et al., 1967) Bukry, 1971.; t Calcidiscus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman 1898) Loeblich & Tappan, 1978.
Fig. 4 in Biostratigraphy (Calcareous Nannofossils And Molluscs) Of The Pannonian Deposits From Transylvania, Romania (Guşteriţa Quarry - Sibiu)
Fig. 4 Calcareous nannofossils from Guşteriţa quarry: a Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus (Gartner, 1967) Gartner, 1969; b Coccolithus pelagicus (Wallich 1877) Schiller, 1930; c Calcidiscus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman 1898) Loeblich & Tappan, 1978; d Sphenolithus moriformis (Brönnimann & Stradner, 1960) Bramlette & Wilcoxon, 1967; e Sphenolithus heteromorphus Deflandre 1953; f. Rhabdosphaera pannonica Baldi-Beke, 1960; g Calciosolenia murrayi Gran, 1912 and Discoaster variabilis Martini and Bramlette, 1963; h Pannonian calcareous nannofossils assemblages with Isolithus pavelici and I. semenenko; Discoaster cf. variabilis.; i Candona sp. Baird, 1845 right valve; j Candona sp. Baird, 1845 right valve; k fragment of Candona sp.
Figs 1−13. Ancistrum haliotis n in Two New and Two Poorly Known Species of Ancistrum (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia, Thigmotrichida) Parasitizing Marine Molluscs from Chinese Coastal Waters of the Yellow Sea
Figs 1−13. Ancistrum haliotis n. sp. from the abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino (1–5), Ancistrum mytili (Quennerstedt, 1867) from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis (6, after Kidder 1933) and the horse mussel Modiolus modiolus (7, after Hatzidimitriou and Berger 1977) and Ancistrum crassum Fenchel, 1965 from the purple clam Saxidomus purpuratus (Sowerby) (8–11) and from the short-necked clam Ruditapes philippinarum (12, 13, after Xu et al. 1997), from life (1, 2, 6, 8) and after protargol (3–5, 9, 10, 12, 13) and silver nitrate impregnation (7, 11). 1 – left lateral view of a representative specimen; 2, 3 – ventral view to show the oral structure; 4, 5 – left and right lateral view of the holotype specimen; 6, 7 – lateral and ventral view of A. mytili, which possesses a characteristic reniform macronucleus and a broad buccal field; 8 – left lateral view of body variants; 9–13 – lateral and ventral view of three specimens to show the ciliary pattern. CCo – caudal complex; CyP – cytoproct; M1–3 – membranelles 1–3; MA – macronucleus; MI – micronucleus; PM – paroral membrane; Sc – scutica; SK1, n – somatic kineties 1, n. Scale bars: 30 µm (4, 5 and 7, 9–13 drawn to scale).
Figs 14–25. Ancistrum acutum n in Two New and Two Poorly Known Species of Ancistrum (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia, Thigmotrichida) Parasitizing Marine Molluscs from Chinese Coastal Waters of the Yellow Sea
Figs 14–25. Ancistrum acutum n. sp. from the surf clam Mactra veneriformis (14–17) and Ancistrum japonicum Uyemura, 1937 from the Japanese dosinia Dosinia japonica (18, 19, 21, 22) and the clam Cyclina sinensis (20, 23–25), from life (14, 15, 18–20) and after protargol (23–25) and silver nitrate impregnation (16, 17, 21, 22). 14 – left lateral view of a representative specimen; 15 – body variant and cortical granules; 16, 17 – ventral and dorsal view of the holotype specimen; 18, 19 – lateral view of living cells; 20 – lateral view of a representative specimen; 21, 22 – lateral view of same specimen; 23 – ventral ciliature; 24, 25 – lateral view of the neotype specimen. CCo – caudal complex; Cs – cytostome; CVP – contractile vacuole pore; M1–3 – membranelles 1–3; MA – macronucleus; MI – micronucleus; PM – paroral membrane; Sc – scutica; SK1, n – somatic kineties 1, n. Scale bars: 30 µm.
FIGURE 17 in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 17. Global range in sea level (Bintanja and van de Wal, 2008) since 3 Ma in relation to the foraminiferal and mollusc assemblages preserved in sediments of the study area. MPT = Mid-Pleistocene transition.
FIGURE 16 in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 16. Infaunal-epifaunal abundances expressed as relative abundances (%) and in number of species.
FIGURE 9 in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 9. Mean relative abundances of mollusc shells (bivalves on the left and gastropods on the right) in the northern Namibian cores.
FIGURE 6. Dendrogram from a in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 6. Dendrogram from a hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward's method) based on Euclidean distance as similarity index to determine sub-assemblages. The sample number refers to the core and core depth (in cm). A = core 1307; B = core 1441; C = core 1401; D = core 1479; E = core 1406
FIGURE 7 in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 7. Mean relative abundances of mollusc (bivalves on the left and gastropods on the right) shells in the Walvis Bay-Lüderitz cores.
FIGURE 5 in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 5. Relative abundances (%) of benthic foraminifera in the shelly sandy units 1-3. Mean relative abundances of the major taxa in each unit over all the cores in which the foraminifera species counted are indicated upper right.
FIGURE 1 in Quaternary foraminifera and mollusc assemblages on the southwestern African shelf
FIGURE 1. Outline of Namibia and South Africa with the location of the cores studied. The intervals for the bathymetric lines in the upper left map are 100 m (based on maps provided by Minemakers Australia Pty. Ltd.).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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