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292 results for “Recreation”
Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR): Quabbin Reservoir and Ware River watershed sampling program, 1987-2013
This report is a summary of water quality monitoring results from twenty-four surface water stations established throughout the Quabbin Reservoir and Ware River watersheds and other special investigative samples. The Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Water Supply Protection is the state agency charged with the responsibility of managing Quabbin Reservoir and its surrounding natural resources in order to protect, preserve and enhance the environment of the Commonwealth and to assure the availability of pure water to future generations. As part of this effort, the Environmental Quality Section maintains a comprehensive water quality monitoring program to ensure that Quabbin Reservoir and its tributaries meet state water quality standards. As part of this task, the Environmental Quality Section performs the necessary field work, interprets water quality data and prepares reports of findings. This annual summary is intended to meet the needs of the decision lakers, the concerned public and others whose decisions must reflect water quality considerations. Reservoir water quality data collected by the DCR documents consistently reliable source water quality that fully meets the stringent source water quality criteria stipulated under the Surface Water Treatment Rule. Water quality data are collected monthly except during periods of adverse weather and ice conditions in the winter. Three sampling stations that were routinely sampled in 2010 are profiled in Table 5. Figure 4 may be referenced for the specific locations of each sample site.
Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR): Quabbin Reservoir and Ware River watershed Secchi depth, 2005-2008
The Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Water Supply Protection is the state agency charged with the responsibility of managing Quabbin Reservoir and its surrounding natural resources in order to protect, preserve and enhance the environment of the Commonwealth and to assure the availability of pure water to future generations. As part of this effort, the Environmental Quality Section maintains a comprehensive water quality monitoring program to ensure that Quabbin Reservoir and its tributaries meet state water quality standards. As part of this task, the Environmental Quality Section performs the necessary field work, interprets water quality data and prepares reports of findings. This annual summary is intended to meet the needs of the decision makers, the concerned public and others whose decisions must reflect water quality considerations
Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR): Wachusetts Reservoir Sampling Program, 1998-2013
The Department of Conservation and Recreation Division of Water Supply Protection Office of Watsershed Management (DCR/DWSP) was established by Chapter 372 of the Acts of 1984. The Division was created to manage and maintain a system of watersheds and reservoirs and provide pure water to the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA), which in turn supplies drinking water to approximately 2.5 million people in fifty-one communities and thousands of industrial users. The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires filtration of all surface water supplies unless several criteria are met, including development and implementation of a detailed watershed protection plan. The Division and the MWRA have a joint waiver from the filtration requirement and continue to aggressively manage the watershed in order to maintain this waiver. Water quality sampling and field inspections help identify tributaries with water quality problems, aid in the implementation of the most recent watershed protection plan, and ensure compliance with state and federal water quality criteria for public drinking water supply sources. Division staff also sample to better understand the responses of the reservoir and its tributaries to a variety of physical, chemical, and biological inputs, and to assess the ecological health of the reservoir and the watershed. Wachusett Environmental Quality staff collected routine water quality samples from 23 stations on 19 tributaries and from three stations on the Wachusett Reservoir in 2012. Additional stations were sampled to support special studies or potential enforcement actions, and storm events were sampled on twelve separate occasions.
Supplementary material 1 from: Shorb CM, Freymiller LA, Hernandez DL (2020) Differential responses of prairie rodents to edge effects from recreational trails. Nature Conservation 41: 113-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.41.52100
Tables S1, S2
Data recreational fishing yields Cerbère-Banyuls marine reserve
<p>Catch per unit effort (CPUE, in n/line/hour) and weight by unit effort (WPUE, in g/line/hour) of onshore and offshore recreational fishermen fishing inside and outside of the Cerbère-Banyuls natural marine reserve in 2005-2014.</p>
Data from: The role of human outdoor recreation in shaping patterns of grizzly bear-black bear co-occurrence
Species distributions are influenced by a combination of landscape variables and biotic interactions with other species, including people. Grizzly bears and black bears are sympatric, competing omnivores that also share habitats with human recreationists. By adapting models for multi-species occupancy analysis, we analyzed trail camera data from 192 trail camera locations in and around Jasper National Park, Canada to estimate grizzly bear and black bear occurrence and intensity of trail use. We documented (a) occurrence of grizzly bears and black bears relative to habitat variables (b) occurrence and intensity of use relative to competing bear species and motorised and non-motorised recreational activity, and (c) temporal overlap in activity patterns among the two bear species and recreationists. Grizzly bears were spatially separated from black bears, selecting higher elevations and locations farther from roads. Both species co-occurred with motorised and non-motorised recreation, however, grizzly bears reduced their intensity of use of sites with motorised recreation present. Black bears showed higher temporal activity overlap with recreational activity than grizzly bears, however differences in bear daily activity patterns between sites with and without motorised and non-motorised recreation were not significant. Reduced intensity of use by grizzly bears of sites where motorised recreation was present is a concern given off-road recreation is becoming increasingly popular in North America, and can negatively influence grizzly bear recovery by reducing foraging opportunities near or on trails. Camera traps and multi-species occurrence models offer non-invasive methods for identifying how habitat use by animals changes relative to sympatric species, including humans. These conclusions emphasise the need for integrated land-use planning, access management, and grizzly bear conservation efforts to consider the implications of continued access for motorised recreation in areas occupied by grizzly bears.
Data from: Experimental evidence of human recreational disturbance effects on bird-territory establishment
The worldwide increase in human outdoor activities raises concerns for wildlife. Human disturbances, even at low levels, are likely to impact species during sensitive periods of the annual cycle. However, experimental studies during the putative sensitive period of territory establishment of birds which not only investigate low disturbance levels, but which also exclude the effect of habitat modification (e.g. walking trails) are lacking. Here, we experimentally disturbed birds in forest plots by walking through twice a day during territory establishment. Later we compared the breeding bird community of experimentally disturbed plots with that of undisturbed control plots. We discovered that the number of territories (−15.0%) and species richness (−15.2%) in disturbed plots were substantially reduced compared with control plots. Species most affected included those sensitive to human presence (assessed by flight-initiation distances), open-cup nesters and above-ground foragers. Long-distance migrants, however, were unaffected due to their arrival after experimental disturbance took place. These findings highlight how territory establishment is a sensitive period for birds, when even low levels of human recreation may be perceived as threatening, and alter settlement decisions. This can have important implications for the conservation of species, which might go unnoticed when focusing only on already established birds.
Data from: Grizzly bear response to spatio-temporal variability in human recreational activity.
1. Outdoor recreation on trail networks is a growing form of disturbance for wildlife. However, few studies have examined behavioural responses by large carnivores to motorised and non-motorised recreational activity-- a knowledge gap that has implications for the success of human access management aimed at improving habitat quality for wildlife. 2. We used an integrated step-selection analysis of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) radiotelemetry data and a spatio-temporal model of motorised and non-motorised human recreational activity to examine the effect of human recreational activity along trails on both habitat selection and movement behaviour of individual bears. Grizzly bears were captured and radiocollared in the west-central Alberta Rocky Mountains and Foothills, and trail cameras were deployed on trails to obtain data on human recreational activity. 3. We found that models including data on recreational activity outperformed trail-proximity models when interactions with movement covariates were included. Responses were highly variable among individuals, and across classes; males, females and females with cubs. 4. Male and solitary female grizzly bears increased avoidance of trails with a high probability of motorised activity, as well as displaying increased movement rates in response to motorised recreation. Females with cubs did not increase avoidance, however they had the largest response with higher movement rates. In contrast, for all classes selection for proximity to trail increased when probability of non-motorised activity was high, and the effect on movement was dampened relative to the motorised response. 5. Synthesis and applications. By combining selection and movement into a unified modelling framework, we show that bears alter selection and movement behaviour in response to trails and recreation, and that such responses are determined by the type of recreational activity. Reduced selection and increased movement in proximity to motorised trails could affect bears' ability to exploit foraging opportunities in these areas. Future access management actions for grizzly bear recovery should consider frequency and type of linear feature use by humans rather than solely relying on thresholds relating to feature densities.
Data from: Human recreation reduces clutch size in great tits Parus major regardless of risk-taking personality
Recreation negatively affects wildlife by influencing animal behaviour vital to reproduction and survival. Such non-consumptive effects of perceived predation risk are mainly studied in ground-breeding birds. However, if anti-predator responses characterize bird species generally, so should non-consumptive effects of perceived predation associated with human recreation. Moreover, as individuals consistently differ in behaviours linked to anti-predator responses, they should also differ in responses to recreation, with bolder birds being less affected. To test this key prediction, we quantified effects of human recreation pressure on a cavity-breeding passerine. We uniquely quantified human recreation pressure over a substantial (8-year) period within twelve nest-box populations of the great tit Parus major, assayed annually for reproductive parameters. We detected considerable spatial variation in recreation pressure. In plots with high recreation pressure, we found strong support for birds breeding further away from highly frequented paths and birds producing smaller clutches; we also found moderate support for birds producing fewer fledglings. These detrimental effects did not vary with behavioural proxies of an individual's risk-taking phenotype (exploratory activity). This implies that effects of recreation pressure apply to the average bird, and extend to species (like forest birds) not previously considered.
Data and R code for cluster analysis and machine learning modelling of favourite places for outdoor recreation
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Recreation and hunting differentially affect deer behaviour and sapling performance.
Humans are increasingly acknowledged as apex predators that shape landscapes of fear to which herbivores adapt their behaviour. Here, we investigate how humans modify deer space-use and their effects on vegetation at two spatial scales; zones with different types of human use (large-scale risk factor) and, nested within that, trails (fine-scale risk factor). In zones with three contrasting types of human activities: (1) no recreation, no hunting, (2) with recreation, no hunting, and (3) with recreation and hunting, we linked deer space-use (dropping counts) to browsing intensity, relative growth, and survival of planted saplings. Plots were located at two distances to trails (20 vs. 100m) to test how trails affect deer space-use and sapling performance. Additionally, plots were distributed over forest and heathland as risk effects are habitat-dependent. Deer space-use was highest in the zone without recreation or hunting, resulting in higher browsing levels and lower sapling growth and survival, but only in heathland. In contrast, deer space-use and sapling performance did not differ between zones with recreation only and zones with recreation and hunting. Deer dropping counts were lower near trails used for recreation, but this was not associated with browsing impact or sapling performance. Our results show that recreational use modifies deer space-use which is associated with browsing impact on woody vegetation, while seasonal hunting activities in zones with recreation did not have additive year-round effects. Yet, effects were only observed at the larger scale of recreation zones and not near trails. Furthermore, deer space-use was only associated with sapling performance in open heathland, where high visibility presumably increases avoidance behaviour because it increases detectability and decreases escape possibilities. This suggests that recreation creates behaviourally mediated cascading effects that influence vegetation development, yet these effects are context-dependent. We advocate incorporating human-induced fear effects in conservation, management and research.
Effects of air pollution exposure on inflammatory and endurance performance in recreationally trained cyclists adapted to traffic-related air pollution
<p>Supplemental Table 1. Baseline values for blood parameters.</p>
Novel trophic subsidies from recreational angling transform the trophic ecology of freshwater fishes
<p>Angling is a globally popular leisure activity. There are over 31 million anglers in Europe, many of which target species of the Cyprinidae family in lowland freshwater ecosystems using methods generally involving bait (e.g. groundbaits, seeds and pellets), with large bait inputs possible in periods of high angling activity. While these bait inputs act as novel trophic subsidies ('angling subsidy'), substantial knowledge gaps remain on their influence on freshwater food-webs, including on fish trophic niche size and position. The effects of angling subsidies on the trophic ecology of cyprinid fish populations and their macroinvertebrate prey resources were investigated in field studies comparing waters of high angling activity ('subsidised fisheries') versus low angling activity ('non-subsidised fisheries'), and complemented by a pond experiment using two cyprinid species in subsidy absence/presence. Methods were based on stable isotope analysis, with angling subsidies being δ13C enriched and, generally, δ15N depleted compared to macroinvertebrate prey resources. In the subsidised fisheries, while there were minimal influences of the baits on macroinvertebrate stable isotope values, the effects of the subsidies on all fish species were to substantially δ13C enrich and δ15N deplete their isotopic niches. However, patterns of inter-specific niche divergence remained similar between the species in subsidy presence. In the pond experiment, there was strong isotopic association between the two fish species and macroinvertebrate putative prey in subsidy absence. In treatments that then exposed both species to angling subsidies, their stable isotope values shifted to enriched δ13C. Synthesis and application: Where angling activity is high, angling baits can provide strong trophic subsidies to freshwater fish, but with minimal effects on other trophic levels. Their regular input into freshwaters can provide some substantial benefits for fish (e.g. increased growth rates) and fisheries (e.g. elevated carrying capacity, higher catch rates), but can also increase nutrient enrichment and potentially raise ethical and fish welfare concerns. Thus, in allowing the use of these baits, especially in relatively high quantities, managers must balance the benefits they can deliver to fish and fisheries versus the adverse effects their use can have on freshwater organisms and ecosystem functioning.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Balzan MV, Debono I (2018) Assessing urban recreation ecosystem services through the use of geocache visitation and preference data: a case-study from an urbanised island environment. One Ecosystem 3: e24490. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.3.e24490
Supplementary Information
Supplementary material 1 from: Seijo C, Calado H, McClintock WJ, Gil A, Fonseca C (2021) Mapping recreational ecosystem services from stakeholders' perspective in the Azores. One Ecosystem 6: e65751. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65751
Summary of data registered in SeaSketch
Exploration of marine lichenized fungi as bioindicators of coastal ocean pollution in the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area
<p>This preliminary exploration of marine lichenized fungi (lichens) as bioindicators of water pollution examined the distribution of intertidal lichen communities in the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area with respect to recorded pollution throughout the harbor. We found significant negative associations between pollution measurements and the health of the lichen community based on cover and species richness. We also observed significant differences in species composition between areas of higher pollution and areas of lower pollution, though not enough data are available to establish the pollution sensitivity or tolerance of individual species. We note that difficulties in the collection and identification of marine lichens hamper efforts to use them broadly as bioindicators. This study suggests that marine lichens could prove useful as bioindicators, but more research is needed to understand the differential effects of pollution on individual species as well as to establish practical procedures both for quantifying marine lichen community health and for widespread bioindication using marine lichens. Finally, one species collected during this study, Verrucaria ceuthocarpa, represents a first report for the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area.</p>
Classical Ballet Dance as a Recreational Activity for Adults Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04776200. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
An Abuse Potential Study of Orally Administered HORIZANT in Healthy, Non-dependent, Recreational Drug Users
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06097676. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Study Evaluating the Abuse Potential of NEURONTIN® in Healthy Non-drug Dependent, Recreational Opioid Users
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05319756. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
A Study of the Abuse Liability Potential of ALKS 5461 in Healthy, Non-Dependent, Recreational Opioid Users
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02413281. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.