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234 results for “Salt marshes”
Data from: Seasonal dynamics and changing sea level as determinants of the community and trophic structure of oribatid mites in a salt marsh of the Wadden Sea
Global change processes affect seasonal dynamics of salt marshes and thereby their plant and animal communities. However, these changes have been little investigated for microarthropod communities. We studied the effect of seasonality and changes in sea level on oribatid mites in the natural salt marsh and on artificial islands in the back-barrier environment of the island Spiekeroog (Wadden Sea, Germany). Three zones of the artificial islands were filled with transplanted sods from the lower salt marsh zone and thereby exposed to three different inundation frequencies. We hypothesized that oribatid mite communities will differ along the natural salt marsh vegetation zones [upper salt marsh (USM), lower salt marsh (LSM), pioneer zone (PZ)], which are influenced by different tidal regimes. Accordingly, total oribatid mite densities declined from the USM and LSM to the PZ. Similarly, oribatid mite species compositions changed along the salt marsh transect and also responded to variations in inundation frequency in LSM on artificial islands with typical species of the USM, LSM and PZ being Multioppia neglecta (USM), Hermannia pulchella (LSM), Zachvatkinibates quadrivertex (LSM, PZ) and Ameronothrus schneideri (LSM, PZ). Oribatid mite density in the salt marsh and on the artificial islands was at a maximum in winter and spring; this was due in part to high density of juveniles, pointing to two reproductive periods. We hypothesized that oribatid mite trophic structure changes due to variations in abiotic (e.g., tidal dynamics, temperature) and biotic conditions (e.g., resource availability). Stable isotope (15N, 13C) and neutral lipid fatty acid analyses indicated that oribatid mite species have different diets with e.g., Z. quadrivertex feeding on macroalgae and fungi, A. schneideri feeding on microalgae and bacteria, and Scheloribates laevigatus and M. neglecta feeding on dead organic matter, bacteria and fungi. Overall, the results indicate that oribatid mite species in salt marshes are affected by changes in environmental factors such as inundation intensity, with the effects being most pronounced in species with narrow trophic niches and limited niche plasticity. The results also indicate that oribatid communities of the LSM respond little to short-term (one year) changes in inundation frequency.
Data from: Consumer trait variation influences tri-trophic interactions in salt marsh communities
The importance of intraspecific variation has emerged as a key question in community ecology, helping to bridge the gap between ecology and evolution. Although much of this work has focused on plant species, recent syntheses have highlighted the prevalence and potential importance of morphological, behavioral, and life history variation within animals for ecological and evolutionary processes. Many small-bodied consumers live on the plant that they consume, often resulting in host plant-associated trait variation within and across consumer species. Given the central position of consumer species within tritrophic food webs, such consumer trait variation may play a particularly important role in mediating trophic dynamics, including trophic cascades. In this study, we used a series of field surveys and laboratory experiments to document intraspecific trait variation in a key consumer species, the marsh periwinkle Littoraria irrorata, based on its host plant species (Spartina alterniflora or Juncus roemerianus) in a mixed species assemblage. We then conducted a 12-week mesocosm experiment to examine the effects of Littoraria trait variation on plant community structure and dynamics in a tritrophic salt marsh food web. Littoraria from different host plant species varied across a suite of morphological and behavioral traits. These consumer trait differences interacted with plant community composition and predator presence to affect overall plant stem height, as well as differentially alter the density and biomass of the two key plant species in this system. Whether due to genetic differences or phenotypic plasticity, trait differences between consumer types had significant ecological consequences for the tritrophic marsh food web over seasonal time scales. By altering the cascading effects of the top predator on plant community structure and dynamics, consumer differences may generate a feedback over longer time scales, which in turn influences the degree of trait divergence in subsequent consumer populations.
Data from: How the litter-feeding bioturbator Orchestia gammarellus promotes late successional salt marsh vegetation
1.Traditionally, studies on vegetation succession have focused either on plant-plant interactions, or on interactions between plants and their physical environment, e.g. through organic matter build-up and increased nutrient cycling. These interactions can change conditions for macrodetritivores that feed on plant litter, but their role in vegetation succession is rarely studied. In this paper we explore whether the bioturbating crustacean macrodetritivore Orchestia gammarellus alters soil conditions in a salt marsh ecosystem in such a way that it promotes late successional, less stress-tolerant plant species at the expense of early successional species. 2.To answer this, we performed a field and a laboratory experiment in which we manipulated abundances of O. gammarellus, and studied the consequences for soil physical and chemical parameters and for vegetation community composition. 3.Our field experiment showed that O. gammarellus stimulated nitrogen mineralization, likely resulting from the positive effect of this macrodetritivore on soil aeration and litter decomposition. Moreover, results from the laboratory experiment showed that O. gammarellus negatively affected dicot seedling survival of mainly early successional plant species, likely through grazing, thus affecting plant community composition. 4.The experiments together provided evidence that O. gammarellus promotes late successional plant species in multiple ways: by alleviation of anoxic conditions, by promoting nutrient cycling and by selective herbivory on early successional species. 5.Synthesis: By demonstrating that a species traditionally considered as part of the detrital ('brown') food web is thus an important accelerator of vegetation succession, this study documents an important but often overlooked link in food web and ecosystem ecology.
FIGURES 25–29. Careopalpis akko. 25. Head. 26. Apical flagellomeres. 27. Acropod 28. Female abdomen, lateral. 29 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 25–29. Careopalpis akko. 25. Head. 26. Apical flagellomeres. 27. Acropod 28. Female abdomen, lateral. 29. Ovipositor, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 19–24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 19–24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 45–53. Stefaniella brevipalpis. 45. Head. 46. Acropod. 47. Female abdomen, lateral. 48 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 45–53. Stefaniella brevipalpis. 45. Head. 46. Acropod. 47. Female abdomen, lateral. 48. Lateral group of setae on segment 8 of female abdomen. 49. Apical part of ovipositor, lateral. Stefaniella brevipalpis. 50. Male terminalia, dorsal. Mediobasal lobes are shown as would be seen if cerci were removed. 51. Comparison of apical part of ovipositor between Stefaniella brevipalpis (top) and S. trinacriae (bottom). 52. Larva terminal segment, dorsal. 53. Larva Head and spatula with associated papillae. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 11–18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 11–18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm).
FIGURES 5–10. Galls and infestation. 5 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 5–10. Galls and infestation. 5. Baldratia salicorniae gall (arrow) in stem of Sarcocornia perennis. 6. A section through B. salicorniae gall, showing a larva. 7. Careopalpis akko gall (arrow) in leaf of Suaeda splendens. 8. Houardiella gracilis exuviae in dried stem joint of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. 9–10. Stefaniella brevipalpis stem and leaf galls on Atriplex portulacoides.
FIGURES 1–4 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 1–4. The Na'aman salt-marsh habitat. 1–2. Showing dense cover of Atriplex portulacoides with few Tamarix trees and the suburbs of Akko in the background. 3. Mixed stands of Sarcocornia perennis and Arthrocnemum spp. at front, dense cover of Atriplex portulacoides at back, and Tamarix trees at far back. 4. The Na'aman river.
FIGURES 36–44. Houardiella gracilis. 36. Head. 37. Flagellomeres 3–4 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 36–44. Houardiella gracilis. 36. Head. 37. Flagellomeres 3–4, male (left), female (right). 38. Acropod. 39. Female abdomen, lateral. 40. Segments 7–8 of male abdomen. Houardiella gracilis. 41. Male terminalia, dorsal. 42. Pupa head, ventral 43. Pupa head, lateral. 44. Comparison of male terminalia between Houardiella distincta (left) and H. gracilis (right). Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 54–60. Stefaniola crispa. 54. Head. 55. Apical flagellomeres. 56 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 54–60. Stefaniola crispa. 54. Head. 55. Apical flagellomeres. 56. Acropod, ventral (left), lateral (right). 57. Segments 6–8 of female abdomen. Stefaniola crispa. 58. Ovipositor, lateral. 59. Segments 6–8 of male abdomen. 60. Male terminalia, dorsal. All parts sheathed by the cerci are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 30–35. Careopalpis akko. 30. Male terminalia, dorsal. 31 in The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na'aman salt marsh, Israel
FIGURES 30–35. Careopalpis akko. 30. Male terminalia, dorsal. 31. Gonostylus, dorsal (right), ventral (left). 32. Larva, ventral habitus. 33. Larva head. 34. Pupa, ventral. 35. Pupa, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
Dataset of the paper "Modeling the Flow and Geomorphic Heterogeneity Induced by Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches Based on Convolutional Neural Network UNet-Flow"
<p>Modeling the Flow and Geomorphic Heterogeneity Induced by Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches Based on Convolutional Neural Network UNet-Flow</p>
Supplementary Material for "High spatial resolution photogrammetry and LiDAR in the Cádiz Bay (SW, Spain): optimizing the application of UAV-techniques to salt marshes" article.
<p>Data presented in the study "High spatial resolution photogrammetry and LiDAR in the Cádiz Bay (SW, Spain): optimizing the application of UAV-techniques to salt marshes" </p>
On following pages: 211. Short-tailed Singing Mouse (Scotinomys teguina); 212. Long-tailed Singing Mouse (Scotinomys xerampelinus); 213. Yellow Deermouse (Isthmomys flavidus); 214. Mount Pirri Deermouse (/sthmomys pirrensis); 215. Florida Deermouse (Podomys floridanus); 216. Volcano Deermouse (Neotomodon alstoni); 217. Short-nosed Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys brevirostris); 218. Darien Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys darienensis); 219. Slender Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys gracilis); 220. Mexican Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys mexicanus); 221. Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys paradoxus); 222. Cozumel Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys spectabilis); 223. Talamancan Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys crepen; 224. Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys rodriguez); 225. Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys tenuirostris); 226. Small-toothed Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys microdon); 227. Costa Rican Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys cherrii); 228. Chiriquian Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys garichensis); 229. Musser's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys musseri); 230. Baker's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys bakeri); 231. Fulvous Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys fulvescens); 232. Hairy Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys hirsutus); 233. Sonoran Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys burti); 234. Volcano Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys chrysopsis); 235. Eastern Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys humulis); 236. Western Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis); 237. Plains Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys montanus); 238. Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris); 239. Sumichrast's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys sumichrasti); 240. Zacatecan Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys zacatecae); 241. Chihuahuan Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys arenicola); 242. Northern Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys leucogaster); 243. Southern Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys torridus); 244. Osgood's Deermouse (Osgoodomys banderanus). in Cricetidae
On following pages: 211. Short-tailed Singing Mouse (Scotinomys teguina); 212. Long-tailed Singing Mouse (Scotinomys xerampelinus); 213. Yellow Deermouse (Isthmomys flavidus); 214. Mount Pirri Deermouse (/sthmomys pirrensis); 215. Florida Deermouse (Podomys floridanus); 216. Volcano Deermouse (Neotomodon alstoni); 217. Short-nosed Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys brevirostris); 218. Darien Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys darienensis); 219. Slender Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys gracilis); 220. Mexican Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys mexicanus); 221. Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys paradoxus); 222. Cozumel Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys spectabilis); 223. Talamancan Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys crepen; 224. Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys rodriguez); 225. Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys tenuirostris); 226. Small-toothed Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys microdon); 227. Costa Rican Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys cherrii); 228. Chiriquian Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys garichensis); 229. Musser's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys musseri); 230. Baker's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys bakeri); 231. Fulvous Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys fulvescens); 232. Hairy Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys hirsutus); 233. Sonoran Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys burti); 234. Volcano Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys chrysopsis); 235. Eastern Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys humulis); 236. Western Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis); 237. Plains Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys montanus); 238. Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris); 239. Sumichrast's Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys sumichrasti); 240. Zacatecan Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys zacatecae); 241. Chihuahuan Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys arenicola); 242. Northern Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys leucogaster); 243. Southern Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys torridus); 244. Osgood's Deermouse (Osgoodomys banderanus).
Supplementary material for "Evaluating the Performance of High Spatial Resolution UAV-photogrammetry and UAV-LiDAR for Salt Marshes: the Cádiz Bay Study Case" article
<p>Data presented in the study "Evaluating the Performance of High Spatial Resolution UAV-photogrammetry and UAV-LiDAR for Salt Marshes: the Cádiz Bay Study Case".</p>
FIGURES 9–21 in New genus and species of Delphacini (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) from a salt marsh in northern Chile
FIGURES 9–21. Salinesia atacamensis sp. nov. 9–16. Male abdomen. 9. Sternum I. 10–11. Pygofer, caudal (10) and lateral (11) view. 12. Phallic complex (excluding styli), lateral view. 13–14. Right genital stylus, lateral (13) and caudal (14) view. 15. Segment X, caudal view. 16–21. Female abdomen. 16–17. Female genitalia, ventral (16) and lateral (17) view. 18. Right gonocoxa VIII. 19. Gonapophyses IX. 20. Gonapophysis VIII. 21. Gonoplac. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 1–8 in New genus and species of Delphacini (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) from a salt marsh in northern Chile
FIGURES 1–8. Salinesia atacamensis sp. nov. 1–4. Male habitus, dorsal (1, 3) and lateral (2, 4) view. 5–6. Female habitus, dorsal (5) and lateral (6) view. 7–8. Ventral view of head, male (7) and female (8). Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURES 35–40 in Two new species of Tryblionella W. SMITH (Bacillariaceae, Bacillariophyta) from a southern Brazil salt marsh
FIGURES 35–40. Tryblionella ornata sp. nov. in SEM. 35, 36. Details of the valve apices in external view. 37, 38. Detail of the valve apices in internal view. Note the small helictoglossae (white arrow heads). 39. Detail of the "lace texture" ornamentation. 40. Detail of the proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 10 μm (35–38), 2 μm (39), 1 μm (40).
FIGURES 16–21 in Two new species of Tryblionella W. SMITH (Bacillariaceae, Bacillariophyta) from a southern Brazil salt marsh
FIGURES 16–21. Tryblionella confusa sp. nov. in SEM. 16. Opened frustule, show cingulum bands. 17. Detail of the middle of the valve in external view. 18, 19. Details of the valve apices in external view. Note the distal raphe endings (black arrow head) and the flattened projection (white arrow head). 20, 21. Detail of the valve apices internal view. Scale bars = 5 μm (16), 1 μm (17–21).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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