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Figure 1 in Highest elevation record of endemic butterfly Albulina orbitulus lobbichleri Forster, 1961 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Nepal
Figure 1. Recorded elevational range of A. o. lobbichleri in Mustang district, Nepal. / Rango de elevación registrado para A. o. lobbichleri en el distrito de Mustang, Nepal.
Figure 5 in Butterflies of the family Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the Frio river basin, northeastern Andes of Santander, Colombia
Figure 5. Analysis of similarity between locations in the Frio river basin, based in collected species of family Pieridae. Bray-Curtis index; single linkage; coefficient of correlation: 0.95.
Figure 4 in Butterflies of the family Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the Frio river basin, northeastern Andes of Santander, Colombia
Figure 4. Analysis of sampling effort. S Mean: curve of randomized observed richness; Chao1 Mean: curve of potential richness obtained with the nonparametric estimator Chao 1; Clench: curve adjusted to the Clench asymptote [y= (4.83•x) / (1+0.15•x)]; standard error: 0.56; coefficient of correlation: 0.99.
Fig. 7 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 7. Non-metric multidimensional scaling based on the Nymphalidae species composition captured in 4 climatic periods—wet (dark blue), dry (red), transition from wet to dry (T.wd, light blue), and transition from dry to wet (T.dw, black)—in 2 habitats, savanna (S) and gallery forest (F) in the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasília, DF. A.dem, Archeoprepona demophon; M.hel, Morpho helenor; and P.pol, Pariphthimoides poltys best characterize the T.dw, whereas C.aco, Catonephele acontius; P.oci, Pareupthichia ocirrhoe; and T.lao, Temenis laothoe best characterize the T.wd. Stress: 0.15.
Fig. 6 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 6. Pielou's evenness values of the Nymphalidae species in the dry and wet seasons and in the transitional periods between these 2 seasons,from wet to dry (T.wd) and from dry to wet (T.dw), in savanna (Cerrado sensu stricto, ss) and forest (gallery forest) habitats in the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasília, DF. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P <0.05).
Fig. 4. A in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 4. A) Temporal variation in Nymphalidae abundance captured in the dry and wet seasons and in the 2 transitional periods between those seasons, from wet to dry (T.wd) and from dry to wet (T.dw), in savanna (Cerrado sensu stricto, ss) and forest (gallery forest) habitats of the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasília, DF. The box plots show the differences between the 4 climatic periods, considering B) the total butterfly abundance (gallery forest + savanna), and that C) in the gallery forest and D) in the savanna separately. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P <0.05).
Fig. 3 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 3. Circular analysis of the number of individuals reflecting the abundance of the different Nymphalidae subfamilies and tribes captured from Jul 2012 to Jun 2013 in the Fazenda Água Limpa and Reserva Ecológica do Roncador. In this analysis, each column's length represents the observed abundance and the arrow the tendency of the highest abundance.
Fig. 2 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 2. Circular analysis of the number of individuals reflecting the abundance of Nymphalidae captured from Jul 2012 to Jun 2013 in the Fazenda Água Limpa and Reserva Ecológica do Roncador. In this analysis, each column's length represents the observed abundance and the arrow the tendency of the highest abundance.
Fig. 1. Rarefaction curves, generated with 1,000 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 1. Rarefaction curves, generated with 1,000 randomizations without replacement, based on the MauTau (Sobs, black circles) and "total" estimated (Jackknife 1, gray circles) values. The data of Nymphalidae species richness was acquired from Jul 2012 to Jun 2013 in the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasilia, DF.
Figure 7 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 7. Male and female genitalia of Parnassius nebrodensis Turati, 1907 stat. rev. and P. mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) s. str. [coll. RMBH]. (A) Male genitalia of P. nebrodensis [France; slide RMBH G0328]: (A1) lateral view, (A2) ventral view, (A3) dorsal view, (A4) aedeagus, (A5) uncus, and (A6) apical process of the valva. (B) Male genitalia of P. nebrodensis [France; slide RMBH G0330]: (B1) dorsal view, (B2) aedeagus, (B3) uncus, and (B4) apical process of the valva. (C) Male genitalia of P. mnemosyne [Moldova; slide RMBH G0279]: (C1) lateral view, (C2) ventral view, (C3) dorsal view, (C4) aedeagus, (C5) uncus, and (C6) apical process of the valva. (D) Male genitalia of P. mnemosyne [Belarus; slide RMBH G0004]: (D1) dorsal view, (D2) aedeagus, (D3) uncus, and D4) apical process of the valva. (E) Female genitalia of P. nebrodensis [France; slide RMBH G0331]. (F) Female genitalia of P. mnemosyne [Moldova; slide RMBH G0280]. (G) Female genitalia of P. mnemosyne [Belarus; slide RMBH G0005]. Black arrows indicate diagnostic features of the two species (see differential diagnosis for detail). (Photos: Artem A. Frolov).
Figure 6 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 6. Forewing scales of Parnassius nebrodensis Turati, 1907 stat. rev. and P. mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) s. str. [coll. RMBH]. (A) Position of the enlarged fragment with scale patterns at the forewing. (B) Female of P. nebrodensis [France]. (C) Female of P. mnemosyne [Moldova]. (D) Female of P. mnemosyne [Northern European Russia]. (E) Male of P. nebrodensis [France]. (F) Male of P. nebrodensis [France]. (G) Male of P. mnemosyne [Moldova]. (H) Male of P. mnemosyne [Northern European Russia]. Red and blue arrows indicate diagnostic features of each species for the female and male, respectively (see differential diagnosis for detail). (Graphics and photos: Ivan N. Bolotov).
Figure 5 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 5. Forewing venation of Parnassius nebrodensis Turati, 1907 stat. rev. and P. mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) s. str. (A) Male of P. nebrodensis [France: Pyrenees, foothill of Mt. Neouville]. (B) Female of P. nebrodensis [the same locality]. (C) Male of P. mnemosyne [Moldova]. (D) Female of P. mnemosyne [Linnaeus's lectotype, Finland; redrawn after Honey and Scoble 2001a]. Red arrows indicate diagnostic features of the two species (see differential diagnosis for detail). (Graphics: Ivan N. Bolotov).
Figure 4 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 4. Dorsal view of Parnassius nebrodensis Turati, 1907 stat. rev. and P. mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) s. str. specimens [coll. RMBH]. (A) Male of P. nebrodensis [France: Pyrenees, foothill of Mt. Neouville]. (B) Female of P. nebrodensis [the same locality]. (С) Male of P. mnemosyne [Republic of Belarus: 5 km E from Ruda Yavorskaya village]. (D) Female of P. mnemosyne [the same locality]. (Photos: Artem A. Frolov).
Figure 1 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 1. Ranges of taxa within the Parnassius mnemosyne species complex. (1) Range of P. nebrodensis stat. rev. (data: Gratton 2006; Gratton et al. 2008; Michel et al. 2008; Todisco et al. 2010; Condamine et al. 2018; Litman et al. 2018; Dapporto et al. 2019; this study). (2) Approximate range of P. sp. 'Middle East' (data: Gratton 2006; Gratton et al. 2008). (3) Range of P. mnemosyne s. str. (data: Weiss 1999; Gratton et al. 2008; Kudrna et al. 2011; Bolotov et al. 2013): (3a) confirmed range, and (3b) uncertain distribution. (4) Approximate boundary of P. mnemosyne s. str. and P. sp. 'Middle East' ranges (data: Weiss 1999; Gratton 2006; Gratton et al. 2008; Kudrna et al. 2011; Bolotov et al. 2013). (5) Type locality of P. nebrodensis stat. rev. in Italy [Sicily: "monti Nebrodi"] (Turati 1907). (6) Type locality of P. mnemosyne s. str. in Finland (Honey and Scoble 2001, 2001a). (Map: Mikhail Y. Gofarov).
Figure 3 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 3. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Parnassius (subgenus Driopa) taxa based on the COI haplotype sequences (Table 1). The red stars indicate the species-level clades supported by mPTP species-delimitation model. The name of each sequence contains the following information: GenBank accession number | sampling region. An asterisk indicates Parnassius nebrodensis sequence from the type locality (Nebrodi, Sicily). The black numbers near branches indicate bootstrap support values of IQ-TREE/BPP of MrBayes. Outgroup is not shown.
Figure 2 in Parnassius nebrodensis: A threatened but neglected Apollo butterfly species from Southern Europe (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Figure 2. Range of Parnassius nebrodensis Turati, 1907 stat. rev. and a narrow contact zone between allopatric ranges of this species and P. mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) s. str. based on DNA sequence data. (1) Range of P. nebrodensis (data: Gratton 2006; Gratton et al. 2008; Michel et al. 2008; Todisco et al. 2010; Condamine et al. 2018; Litman et al. 2018; Dapporto et al. 2019; this study). (2) Occurrences of P. nebrodensis: (2a) Pyrenees (sample used for morphological and molecular analyses in this study), and (2b) other areas (data: Gratton 2006; Gratton et al. 2008). (3) Type locality of P. nebrodensis in Italy [Sicily: "monti Nebrodi"] (Turati 1907). (4) Type localities of nominal taxa that were described as P. mnemosyne subspecies but are being considered as synonyms of P. nebrodensis under this study (see Table 5 for detail). (5) A southern fragment of P. mnemosyne s. str. range adjoining the contact zone with P. nebrodensis (data: Weiss 1999; Gratton et al. 2008; Kudrna et al. 2011): (5a) confirmed range, and (5b) uncertain distribution. (6) A contact zone between P. nebrodensis and P. mnemosyne s. str. ranges. (Map: Mikhail Y. Gofarov).
Figure 1 in Hot spring puddling by butterflies
Figure 1. Hot spring puddling by the Chinese peacock butterfly Papilio bianor Cramer, [1777] at the travertine field of the Neskuchensky hot springs, Kunashir Island, Russian Far East, 24 July 2011. (A) Observation site on the shore of the island. (B-C) Puddling by a male butterfly on warm mineral water. A dead larva of the carrion beetle species Silpha perforata Gebler, 1832 can be seen to the right of the butterfly (bottom photo). (Photos: Yulia Kolosova [A] and Ilya V. Vikhrev [B-C]).
Figure 2 in Mount Faifa, a local hotspot of butterfly diversity (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Figure 2. Approximate position of the butterfly sampling locations in Mt. Faifa in the southwestern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The locations are numbered as in List of locations. The central part of the area is enlarged for clarity.
Figure 1 in Mount Faifa, a local hotspot of butterfly diversity (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Figure 1. Butterfly-rich habitat on Mt. Faifa in the upper part of wadi Altararah (location 19) with close resemblance to tropical forests.
Figure 4 in Mount Faifa, a local hotspot of butterfly diversity (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Figure 4. Altitudinal distribution of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Mt. Faifa in the southwestern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The colour grade varies from dark – most widespread, to paler – more restricted. Species present in at least four altitudinal belts are not shown, those present only in a single altitudinal belt are in red font. The species not shown are included in species counts at the bottom – total number (black) and single altitude belt specific (red).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.