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880 results for “competency”
Data from: The contribution of maternal effects to selection response: an empirical test of competing models
Maternal effects can dramatically influence the evolutionary process, in some cases facilitating and in others hindering adaptive evolution. Maternal effects have been incorporated into quantitative genetic models using two theoretical frameworks: the variance-components approach, which partitions variance into direct and maternal components, and the trait-based approach, which assumes that maternal effects are mediated by specific maternal traits. Here, we demonstrate parallels between these models and test their ability to predict evolutionary change. First, we show that the two approaches predict equivalent responses to selection in the absence of maternal effects mediated by traits that are themselves maternally influenced. We also introduce a correction factor that may be applied when such cascading maternal effects are present. Second, we use several maternal effect models, as well as the standard breeder's equation, to predict evolution in response to artificial selection on flowering time in American bellflower, Campanulastrum americanum. Models that included maternal effects made much more accurate predictions of selection response than the breeder's equation. Maternal effect models differed somewhat in their fit, with a version of the trait-based model providing the best fit. We recommend fitting such trait-based models when possible and appropriate to make the most accurate evolutionary predictions.
Data from: Do deposit-feeders compete? Isotopic niche analysis of an invasion in a species-poor system
Successful establishment of invasive species is often related to the existence of vacant niches. Competition occurs when invaders use the same limiting resources as members of the recipient community, which will be reflected in some overlap of their trophic niches. The concept of isotopic niche has been used to study trophic niche partitioning among species. Here, we present a two-year field study comparing isotopic niches of the deposit-feeding community in a naturally species-poor system. The isotopic niche analyses showed no overlap between a recent polychaete invader and any of the native species suggesting that it has occupied a vacant niche. Its narrow isotopic niche suggests specialized feeding, however, the high d15N values compared to natives are most likely due to isotope fractionation effects related to nitrogen recycling and a mismatch between biological stoichiometry of the polychaete and the sediment nitrogen content. Notably, highly overlapping isotopic niches were inferred for the native species, which is surprising in a food-limited system. Therefore, our results demonstrate that invaders may broaden the community trophic diversity and enhance resource utilization, but also raise questions about the congruence between trophic and isotopic niche concepts and call for careful examination of assumptions underlying isotopic niche interpretation.
Data from: Is computer-assisted instruction more effective than other educational methods in achieving ECG competence amongst medical students and residents? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Objectives It remains unclear whether computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is more effective than other teaching methods in acquiring and retaining ECG competence amongst medical students and residents. Design This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data sources Electronic literature searches of PubMed, databases via EBSCOhost, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and grey literature were conducted on 28 November 2017. We subsequently reviewed the citation indexes of articles identified by the search. Eligibility criteria Studies were included if a comparative research design was used to evaluate the efficacy of CAI versus other methods of ECG instruction, as determined by the acquisition and/or retention of ECG competence of medical students and/or residents. Data extraction and synthesis Two reviewers independently extracted data from all eligible studies and assessed the risk of bias. After duplicates were removed, 559 papers were screened. Thirteen studies met the eligibility criteria. Eight studies reported sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. Results In all studies, CAI was compared to face-to-face ECG instruction. There was a wide range of computer-assisted and face-to-face teaching methods. Overall, the meta-analysis found no significant difference in acquired ECG competence between those who received computer-assisted or face-to-face instruction. However, sub-analyses showed that CAI in a blended learning context was better than face-to-face teaching alone, especially if trainees had unlimited access to teaching materials and/or deliberate practice with feedback. There was no conclusive evidence that CAI was better than face-to-face teaching for longer-term retention of ECG competence. Conclusion CAI was not better than face-to-face ECG teaching. However, this meta-analysis was constrained by significant heterogeneity amongst studies. Nevertheless, the finding that blended learning is more effective than face-to-face ECG teaching is important in the era of increased implementation of e-learning. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017067054
FIGURE 15 in Competing Taxonomies: Reexamination of the femalebased genera of Brachycistidinae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae)
FIGURE 15. Phylogenetic trees showing relationships among brachycistidine genera based on female characteristics. Valid genera are shown in bold. A. Nelson consensus tree showing relationships among genera, with genera with redundant characteristics indicated. Numbers refer to characters discussed in the text. B. Consensus tree of relationships among genera showing bootstrap values.
FIGURES 1–14. Female brachycistidines. 1 in Competing Taxonomies: Reexamination of the femalebased genera of Brachycistidinae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae)
FIGURES 1–14. Female brachycistidines. 1. Underside of head. 2. Venter of meso and metathorax. 3–4. Dorsal view of thorax (head at the top). 5–10. Front view of face (figs. 5, 8 with side view of mandible). 11, 12. Antenna. 13, 14. Ventral view of metasomal sternum I base.
Analysis of the concept of Digital Teaching Competence: a systematic literature review
<p>The technological revolution experienced in today's society has led educational organisations to assume the responsibility of training skills and abilities for this new context. Despite the high degree of complexity within technology-mediated ecosystems, the scientific literature seems to agree that the development of teachers' digital competence is identified to be a key variable of success. The definition of digital competence is however not clearly delineated. Moreover, direct and indirect interactions within this technology-mediated teaching and learning process are not clearly identified. The objective of this study is to define the concept of Digital Teaching Competence through a Systematic Literature Review published between 2017 and 2022, using the Scopus and Dialnet databases. A total of 316 references in English and Spanish were identified, of which 32 were selected for the final analysis, following the PRISMA protocol guidelines. The results confirm the existence of a high degree of conceptual fragmentation, as well as the lack of agreement on the terminology to be used. There is a need to reach a consensus on a taxonomy that facilitates, on one hand, the analysis of the elements that make up Digital Teaching Competence, and on the other hand, the improvement of the capacity to analyse specific contextual variables that contribute to enhancing technology-mediated teaching and learning processes.</p>
Data for Figures: Twice Hidden String Order and Competing Phases in the S=1/2 Kitaev-Gamma ladder
<p>Data for figures for "Twice Hidden String Order and Competing Phases in the S=1/2 Kitaev-Gamma Ladder" by Erik S. Sørensen and Hae-Young Kee, to appear in npj Quantum Materials.</p>
Types of competencies and skills for Industry 4.0
<p><strong>Types of competencies and skills for Industry 4.0</strong></p>
Survey on teachers professional competences 2024 Spain
<p>782 teachers answer to a survey about how they plan, implement and assess their teaching at school.</p>
Dataset for: Substituting confidence for competence in health literacy: A review of studies, citations, and trial registrations
<p><span>Patient health literacy is crucial for effective patient–physician communication, and interventions targeting health literacy can use measures based on either actual performance (competence) or self-ratings (confidence). This paper analyzed the development of these measures through three studies. Study 1 reviewed articles describing the development of novel measures; Study 2 examined the citations of these studies, and Study 3 evaluated data from clinical trials registries. The literature search was conducted from April 14–27, 2023. PubMed was used as the main database in which studies on health literacy measures were searched for the systematic review (Study 1). We then used Google Scholar and the OpenCitations database to describe citation patterns of the included health literacy measures (Study 2). Finally, we evaluated confidence- or competence-based health literacy measures by extracting and analyzing trial data from ClinicalTrials.gov (Study 3). Our review included 55 health literacy measures, among which 23 (42%) were competence-based, 28 (51%) confidence-based, and 4 (7%) assessed both. Recent trends show a shift toward developing more confidence-based measures and a decline in creating new competence-based measures. Confidence-based measures were increasingly cited, whereas citations for competence-based measures have plateaued. Lastly, our findings showed a steady increase in the use of confidence-based measures in recent clinical trials and a decrease in the use of competence-based measures when controlling for sample size. This shift may be detrimental to public health given our limited knowledge about patients’ ability to meet demands of shared decision-making, especially regarding new technologies like artificial intelligence in healthcare.</span></p>
Chemical screening in an estrogen receptor transactivation assay with metabolic competence
<p>The U.S. EPA continues to utilize high-throughput screening data to evaluate potential biological effects of endocrine active substances without the use of animal testing. Determining the scope and need for <em>in vitro</em> metabolism in high-throughput assays requires the generation of larger data sets that assess the impact of xenobiotic transformations on toxicity-related endpoints. The objective of the current study was to screen a set of 768 ToxCast chemicals in the VM7Luc estrogen receptor transactivation assay (ERTA) using the Alginate Immobilization of Metabolic Enzymes (AIME) hepatic metabolism method. Chemicals were screened with or without metabolism to identify estrogenic effects and metabolism-dependent changes in bioactivity. Based on estrogenic hit calls, 85 chemicals were active in both assay modes, 16 chemicals were only active without metabolism, and 27 chemicals were only active with metabolism. Using a novel metabolism curve shift method that evaluates the shift in concentration-response curves, 29 of these estrogenic chemicals were identified as bioactivated and 59 were bioinactivated. Human biotransformation routes and associated metabolites were predicted <em>in silico </em>across the chemicals to mechanistically characterize possible transformation-related ERTA effects. Overall, the study profiled novel chemicals associated with metabolism-dependent changes in ERTA bioactivity, and suggested routes of biotransformation and putative metabolites responsible for the observed estrogenic effects. The data demonstrate a range of metabolism-dependent effects across a diverse chemical library and highlight the need to evaluate the role of intrinsic xenobiotic metabolism in endocrine and other toxicity-related health effects.</p>
Assessment of entrepreneurial competences of Industrial Engineering Students: Post-COVID19 results
<p>The file contained are results of the research on the Entrepreneurial Competences of Industrial Engineering students at the University of Novi Sad. The research is conducted in the course of Reliability of Technical Systems and Maintenance. The students are enrolled in the 3rd graduate year at the module Industrial Engineering. The study is conducted during the winter semester of 2021-2022. The study explores entrepreneurial competences by using the EntreComp Reference Framework as a research instrument. The dataset contains students' responses, Fold change, Wilcoxon rank test and PLS-DA statistical test analysis. In addition, all three analysis included contain graphs and plots included, VIP plot and analysis and associated results. The writting of the study is performed during April of 2022.</p>
Phase separation of competing memories along the human hippocampal theta rhythm.
<p>Data set for Phase separation of competing memories along the human hippocampal theta rhythm.</p>
Data for the publication: A parameterization of cirrus cloud formation: Revisiting competing ice nucleation
<p>The files contain the data sets shown in the publication "A parameterization of cirrus cloud formation: Revisiting competing ice nucleation" to appear in J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. in 2022 (revised manuscript submitted) The files include a power point slide containing the schematic and xmgrace plot files containing the research data (ASCII) shown in all other figures that appear in the paper and its appendix.</p>
Are Intercultural Competencies the Key for International Collaboration?: A Systematic Review
<p>Database used for the SLR: Are Intercultural Competencies the Key for International Collaboration?</p>
Intercultural Competencies in Higher Education
<p>Database used for the Systematic Literature Mapping: <strong>Intercultural Competencies in Higher Education.</strong></p>
supplementary tables for 'The dynamic landscape of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in Early-Onset Preeclampsia under hypoxia condition '
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
NOTICE OF THE DELETION OF UNPUBLISHED ARTICLE: Competence, Leadership Skills, and Professional Commitment of Elementary Teachers in the National Capital Region
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Improving the Quality of Lecturer Competencies in Writing Scientific Journals
<p>This material has presented on 2nd International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science in October 25, 2023.</p>
Metabolic effects of a high level of dietary zinc in piglet diets to induce immune competence
<p>There is increasing consumer pressure to reduce the use of therapeutic antibiotics in animal production. Solutions to this challenge require a multi-targeted approach, including use of particular functional ingredients, such as pre- and probiotics that are not only used to boost the growth and productivity but also to influence the development of immune competence and support responsiveness of the immune system at later age. In this context there is a large interest in the development and evaluation of nutritional interventions during early life stages in farm animal species. However, apart from effects on animal growth and productivity, there is lack of knowledge in livestock on ways to modify development of immune competence by nutritional manipulation. Thus an associated project is being conducted with the objective to evaluate effects of a “model intervention” in piglets to modify development of immune competence. The associated project investigates the effects of provision of diet with a high concentration of zinc (2790 mg/kg) over different time periods in post-weaned piglets as a “model intervention” for manipulation of immune competence, compared to a reference treatment, in which the animals are fed a diet with a basal level of zinc.</p> <p>The objective of the associated project is to investigate the effects of high concentration of zinc on functional and metabolic changes, including processes related to digestive functions of the gut, its integrity and barrier function, and on immunological processes as effected by the nutritional manipulation. In the associated project we already studied the effects of high concentration of zinc on growth performance, on composition and diversity of the microbiota in the gut, on genome-wide gene expression in intestinal tissue, and on several immune markers in blood. In this proposal we apply for funds to provide us with expertise and access to facilities in order to get a global view of the metabolic changes as induced by the high concentration of zinc by analyzing a range of metabolites in blood. </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.