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257 results for “forest landscapes”
FIG. 3 in Gopher Tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) Vertebrate Burrow Commensals within a Private, Working Forest Landscape
FIG. 3. Three axes of non-metric multidimensional scaling of the vertebrate commensal community across abandoned (blue), active (yellow), and inactive (gray) Gopher Tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) burrows. Species detected are represented by the black points. Vertebrate burrow commensal data were collected in a private, working forest landscape dominated by planted Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) stands located in the Upper Coastal Plain ecoregion of Georgia, USA from 2018–2019.
FIG. 2 in Gopher Tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) Vertebrate Burrow Commensals within a Private, Working Forest Landscape
FIG. 2. Rarefaction curves of species richness during 2018 and 2019. Vertebrate burrow commensal data were collected in a private, working forest landscape dominated by planted Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) stands located in the Upper Coastal Plain ecoregion of Georgia, USA from 2018–2019.
Data from: Microclimatic differentiation of gene pools in the Lobaria pulmonaria symbiosis in a primeval forest landscape
Population genetics of the tree-colonizing lichen Lobaria pulmonaria were studied in the largest primeval beech forest of Europe, covering 10 000 ha. During an intensive survey of the area, we collected 1522 thallus fragments originating from 483 trees, which were genotyped with 8 myco- and 14 photobiont-specific microsatellite markers. The mycobiont and photobiont of L. pulmonaria were found to consist of two distinct gene pools, which are co-existing within small areas of 3–180 ha in a homogeneous beech forest. The small-scale distribution pattern of the symbiotic gene pools was linked to altitude, and show habitat partitioning of lineages associated with either floodplains or mountain forests. Using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), we dated the divergence of the two fungal gene pools of L. pulmonaria as the Early Pleistocene. Both fungal gene pools survived the Pleistocene glacial cycles in the Carpathians, though possibly in climatically different refugia. Fungal diversification prior to these cycles and the selection of photobionts with different altitudinal distributions explain the current sympatric, but ecologically differentiated habitat partitioning of L. pulmonaria. In addition, the habitat preferences of the mycobiont are determined by other factors and are rather independent of those of the photobiont at the landscape level. The distinct gene pools should be considered evolutionarily significant units, and deserve specific conservation priorities in the future, e.g. gene pool A, which is an Pliocene relict.
Data from: Do riparian forest strips in modified forest landscapes aid in conserving bat diversity?
Agricultural practices lead to losses of natural resources and biodiversity. Maintaining forests alongside streams (riparian forest strips) has been used as a mechanism to minimize the impact of clearing for agriculture on biodiversity. To test the contribution of riparian forest strips to conserve biodiversity in production landscapes, we selected bats as a biodiversity model system and examined two dimensions of diversity: taxonomic and functional. We compared bat diversity and composition in forest, with and without stream habitat, and in narrow forest riparian strips surrounded by areas cleared for agriculture. We tested the hypothesis that riparian forest strips provide potential conservation value by providing habitat and serving as movement corridors for forest bat species. Riparian forest strips maintained 75% of the bat species registered in forested habitats. We found assemblage in sites with riparian forest strips were dominated by a few species with high abundance and included several species with low abundance. Bat species assemblage was more similar between sites with streams than between those sites to forests without stream habitat. These results highlight the importance of stream habitat in predicting presence of bat species. We registered similar number of guilds between forest sites and riparian forest strips sites. Relative to matrix habitats, stream and edge habitats in riparian forest strips sites were functionally more diverse, supporting our hypothesis about the potential conservation value of riparian forest strips. Results from this study suggest that maintaining riparian forest strips within cleared areas for agricultural areas help conserve the taxonomic and functional diversity of bats. Also, it provides basic data to evaluate the efficacy of maintaining these landscape features for mitigating impacts of agricultural development on biodiversity. However, we caution that riparian forest strips alone are not sufficient for biodiversity maintenance; their value depend on maintenance of larger forest areas in their vicinity.
Data from: Severe fire weather and intensive forest management increase fire severity in a multi-ownership landscape
Many studies have examined how fuels, topography, climate, and fire weather influence fire severity. Less is known about how different forest management practices influence fire severity in multi-owner landscapes, despite costly and controversial suppression of wildfires that do not acknowledge ownership boundaries. In 2013, the Douglas Complex burned over 19,000 ha of Oregon & California Railroad (O&C) lands in Southwestern Oregon, USA. O&C lands are comprised of a checkerboard of private industrial and federal forestland (Bureau of Land Management, BLM) with contrasting management objectives, providing a unique experimental landscape to understand how different management practices influence wildfire severity. Leveraging Landsat based estimates of fire severity (Relative differenced Normalized Burn Ratio, RdNBR) and geospatial data on fire progression, weather, topography, pre-fire forest conditions, and land ownership, we asked 1) what is the relative importance of different variables driving fire severity, and 2) is intensive plantation forestry associated with higher fire severity? Using Random Forest ensemble machine learning, we found daily fire weather was the most important predictor of fire severity, followed by stand age and ownership, followed by topographic features. Estimates of pre-fire forest biomass were not an important predictor of fire severity. Adjusting for all other predictor variables in a general least squares model incorporating spatial autocorrelation, mean predicted RdNBR was higher on private industrial forests (RdNBR 521.85 ± 18.67 SE) versus BLM forests (398.87 ± 18.23 SE) with a much greater proportion of older forests. Our findings suggest intensive plantation forestry characterized by young forests and spatially homogenized fuels, rather than pre-fire biomass, were significant drivers of wildfire severity. This has implications for perceptions of wildfire risk, shared fire management responsibilities, and developing fire resilience for multiple objectives in multi-owner landscapes.
Data from: Habitat patch use by fishers in the deciduous forest-dominated landscape of the central Appalachian Mountains, USA
Fishers (Pekania pennanti) are often associated with the coniferous and mixed forests of the northern United States and central Canada, and their ecology has been studied extensively in portions of their distributional range. Recently, natural range expansion and reintroductions have led to recolonization by fishers of portions of the central Appalachian Mountains, USA, where deciduous forest is the dominant vegetation type. We used noninvasive hair snare surveys and microsatellite genetic analysis to detect fishers in the central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania, USA. We used these detections within an occupancy modeling framework to explore habitat patch use by fishers and the forest characteristics and land use features that influenced it. We found that the likelihood of patch use by fishers was related to forests with higher proportions of low-density residential areas. Our results also suggested lower road densities might be related to higher likelihood of fisher patch use. Fishers in Pennsylvania tolerated some forms of land development. Patch use was not driven by forest type or canopy cover, at least within our deciduous forest-dominated study areas. Future research identifying the threshold values at which forest cover and land development affect patch use by fishers in the central Appalachian Mountains will better inform management decisions with respect to sites for future reintroduction of fishers.
Data from: Sensitivity to habitat fragmentation across European landscapes in three temperate forest herbs
<p>Context. Evidence for effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on the viability of temperate forest herb populations in agricultural landscapes is so far based on population genetic studies of single species in single landscapes. However, forest herbs differ in their life histories, and landscapes have different environments, structures and histories, making generalizations difficult.</p> <p>Objectives. We compare the response of three slow-colonizing forest herbs to habitat loss and fragmentation and set this in relation to differences in life-history traits, in particular their mating system and associated pollinators.</p> <p>Methods. We analysed the herbs' landscape-scale population genetic structure based on microsatellite markers from forest fragments across seven European agricultural landscapes.</p> <p>Results. All species responded to reductions in population size with a decrease in allelic richness and an increase in genetic differentiation among populations. Genetic differentiation also increased with enhanced spatial isolation. In addition, each species showed unique responses. Heterozygosity in the self-compatible <i>Oxalis acetosella</i> was reduced in smaller populations. The genetic diversity of <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>, whose main pollinators are less mobile, decreased with increasing spatial isolation, but not that of the bumblebee-pollinated <i>Polygonatum multiflorum</i>.</p> <p>Conclusions. Our study indicates that habitat loss and fragmentation compromises the long-term viability of slow-colonizing forest herbs despite their ability to persist for many decades by clonal propagation. The distinct responses of the three species studied within the same landscapes confirm the need of multi-species approaches. The mobility of associated pollinators should be considered an important determinant of forest herbs' sensitivity to habitat loss and fragmentation.</p>
Open forest successional stages and landscape heterogeneity promote wild bee diversity in temperate forests
<p>Recent studies have emphasized forests as crucial habitat for wild bees. In Europe, most forests are managed following the principles of close‐to‐nature silviculture, which combine timber production and nature conservation. However, open late and early successional stages within these forests are largely missing, which could be important for wild bees. This highlights that close‐to‐nature silviculture alone might not be sufficient to conserve bees within temperate forests. Open structures such as canopy gaps and road verges in forests could improve habitat for bees. To provide management recommendations for wild bee conservation in temperate forests, we analyzed how components of bee beta diversity varied between forest management types and tested how open structures, namely clear‐cuts, canopy gaps, and forest road verges influenced bee abundance, richness, and diversity. In addition, we analyzed the abundance and percent of red‐listed bee species at different scales. Bees were sampled using 90 pan traps on 45 (1 ha) plots in 2019 and 2020 in the Black Forest, Germany. Plots were selected in 15 triplets each consisting of three management types related to different successional stages: unmanaged, close‐to‐nature, and small clear‐cut. Beta diversity was not consistently nested highlighting the importance of different management and successional stages within the landscape to support bees in forests. Abundance, species richness, and Shannon diversity of bees were highest on clear‐cuts, compared to unmanaged‐ and close‐to‐nature plots. At landscape scale, wild bee abundance increased with canopy openness while wild bee diversity increased with landscape heterogeneity. Abundance‐ and percent of red‐listed bee species increased with the length of forest road verges. We advocate creating habitats at local scales which offer flowering and nesting resources by providing canopy gaps. At landscape scale, heterogeneity created through different forest successional stages is needed to conserve the entire community of wild bees.</p>
Forest survey data of a landscape in Pine Mountain
<p>This dataset provides the planar coordinates, height and the diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees with DBH >= 1 cm within a landscape of 400 m by 1000 m (made up of one-thousand 20 m by 20 m plots) in the Beijing Pine Mountain National Nature Reserve (40°30'50'' N, 115°49'12'' E), which was carried out in 2014.</p>
Mapping forests with different levels of naturalness using machine learning and landscape data mining - GRASS GIS DB
<p>The GRASS GIS database containing the input raster layers needed to reproduce the results from the manuscript entitled:</p> <p><strong>"Mapping forests with different levels of naturalness using machine learning and landscape data mining"</strong> (under review)</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p><em>To conserve biodiversity, it is imperative to maintain and restore sufficient amounts of functional habitat networks. Hence, locating remaining forests with natural structures and processes over landscapes and large regions is a key task. We integrated machine learning (Random Forest) and wall-to-wall open landscape data to scan all forest landscapes in Sweden with a 1 ha spatial resolution with respect to the relative likelihood of hosting High Conservation Value Forests (HCVF). Using independent spatial stand- and plot-level validation data we confirmed that our predictions (ROC AUC in the range of 0.89 - 0.90) correctly represent forests with different levels of naturalness, from deteriorated to those with high and associated biodiversity conservation values. Given ambitious national and international conservation objectives, and increasingly intensive forestry, our model and the resulting wall-to-wall mapping fills an urgent gap for assessing fulfilment of evidence-based conservation targets, spatial planning, and designing forest landscape restoration.</em></p> <p>This database was compiled from the following sources:</p> <p>1. <strong>HCVF</strong>. A database of High Conservation Value Forests in Sweden. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.</p> <p>source: <a href="https://geodata.naturvardsverket.se/nedladdning/skogliga_vardekarnor_2016.zip">https://geodata.naturvardsverket.se/nedladdning/skogliga_vardekarnor_2016.zip</a></p> <p>2. <strong>NMD</strong>. National Land Cover Data. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.</p> <p>source: <a href="https://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/services-and-permits/maps-and-map-services/national-land-cover-database/">https://www.naturvardsverket.se/en/services-and-permits/maps-and-map-services/national-land-cover-database/</a></p> <p>3. <strong>DEM</strong>. Terrain Model Download, grid 50+. Lantmateriet, Swedish Ministry of Finance.</p> <p>source: <a href="https://www.lantmateriet.se/en/geodata/geodata-products/product-list/terrain-model-download-grid-50/">https://www.lantmateriet.se/en/geodata/geodata-products/product-list/terrain-model-download-grid-50/</a></p> <p>4. <strong>GFC</strong>. Global Forest Change. Global Land Analysis and Discovery, University of Maryland.</p> <p>source: <a href="https://glad.earthengine.app">https://glad.earthengine.app</a></p> <p>5. <strong>LIGHTS</strong>. A harmonized global nighttime light dataset 1992–2018. Land pollution with night-time lights expressed as calibrated digital numbers (DN).</p> <p>source: <a href="https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9828827.v2">https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9828827.v2</a></p> <p>6. <strong>POPULATION</strong>. Total Population in Sweden. Statistics Sweden.</p> <p>source: <a href="https://www.scb.se/en/services/open-data-api/open-geodata/grid-statistics/">https://www.scb.se/en/services/open-data-api/open-geodata/grid-statistics/</a></p> <p> </p> <p>To learn more about the GRASS GIS database structure, see:</p> <p><a href="https://grass.osgeo.org/grass82/manuals/grass_database.html">https://grass.osgeo.org/grass82/manuals/grass_database.html</a></p>
Data from: Forest-associated understorey birds persist in agroforestry orchards within tropical rubber and oil palm landscapes
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Data for: Differential landscape use by forest owls two years after a mixed-severity wildfire
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Data for: Abundance and accessibility of forage for reindeer in forests of Northern Sweden: impacts of landscape and winter climate regime
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Data from: The impacts of climate change and disturbance on spatio-temporal trajectories of biodiversity in a temperate forest landscape
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Data from: Isolation by distance, resistance and/or clusters? Lessons learned from a forest-dwelling carnivore inhabiting a heterogeneous landscape
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Data from: Linking forest management to moose population trends: the role of the nutritional landscape
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Data from: Barriers to dispersal of rain forest butterflies in tropical agricultural landscapes
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Data from: Corridors restore animal-mediated pollination in fragmented tropical forest landscapes
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Data from: Performance of forest bryophytes with different geographical distributions transplanted across a topographically heterogeneous landscape
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Data from: Landscape variation in tree regeneration and snag fall drive fuel loads in 25-yr old post-fire lodgepole pine forests
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ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.